The Effect of Varying Distances from the Wind Turbine on Meat Quality of Growing-Finishing Pigs

Karwowska, Małgorzata; Mikołajczak, Jan; Dolatowski, Zbigniew Józef; Borowski, Sylwester

doi:10.1515/aoas-2015-0051

Abstract

This study was conducted to assess the effect of rearing pigs at three different distances from a wind turbine (50, 500 and 1000 m) on the physicochemical properties and fatty acid composition of loin and neck muscles. The experiment was carried out on 30 growing-finishing pigs, derived from Polish Landrace × Polish Large White sows mated to a Duroc × Pietrain boar. The results obtained during the noise measurement showed that the highest level of noise in the audible and infrasound range was recorded 50 m from the wind turbine. Rearing pigs in close proximity to the wind turbine (50 m) resulted in decreased muscle pH, total heme pigments and heme iron as well as reduced content of C18:3n-3 fatty acid in the loin muscle. Loins of pigs reared 50 m from the wind turbine were characterized by significantly lower iron content (6.7 ppm g^-1) compared to the loins of pigs reared 500 and 1000 m from the wind turbine (10.0-10.5 ppm g^-1). The concentration of α-linolenic acid (C18:3n-3) in loin and neck muscles decreased as the distance from the wind turbine increased. Avoiding noise-induced stress is important not only for maintaining meat quality but also for improving animal welfare.

References

Aguilera G. (1994). Regulation of pituitary ACTHsecretion during chronic stress. Front. Neur., 15: 321-350.
Search in Google Scholar
AMSA (1991). Guidelines for meat color evaluation. Proc. 44th Annual Reciprocal Meat Conference, National Livestock and Meat Board, and American Meat Science Association, Manhattan, USA, pp. 232-249.
Search in Google Scholar
AOCS (1997). Official Methods and Recommended Practices of the American Oil Chemist’s Society, AOACS Press, Champaign, USA, pp. 1-2.
Search in Google Scholar
Andres S., Murray I., Navajas E.A., Fisher A.V., Lambe N.R., Bunger L. (2007). Prediction of sensory characteristics of lamb meat samples by near infrared reflectance spectroscopy. Meat Sci., 76: 509-516.
Search in Google Scholar
Chai J., Xiong Q., Zhang C.X., Miao W., Li F.E., Zheng R., Peng J., Jiang S.W. (2010). Effect of pre-slaughter transport plant on blood constituents and meat quality in halothane genotype of NN Large White×Landrace pigs. Livest. Sci., 127: 211-217.
Search in Google Scholar
Chloupek P., Voslářová E., Chloupek J., Bedáňová I., Pištěková V., Večerek V. (2009). Stress in broiler chickens due to acute noise exposure. Acta Vet. Brno, 78: 93-98.
Search in Google Scholar
Choi Y.M., Jung K.C., Choe J.H., Kim B.C. (2012). Effects of muscle cortisol concentration on muscle fiber characteristics, pork quality, and sensory quality of cooked pork. Meat Sci., 91: 490-498.
Search in Google Scholar
Chulayo A.Y., Tada O., Muchenje V. (2012). Research on pre-slaughter stress and meat quality: Areview of challenges faced under practical conditions. App. Anim. Husb. Rural Dev., 43: 137-142.
Search in Google Scholar
Clark E.M., Mahoney A.W., Carpenter C.E. (1997). Heme and total iron in ready-to-eat chicken. J. Agric. Food Chem., 45: 124-126.
Search in Google Scholar
Dela Fuente J., Díaz M.T., Ibáñez M., Gonzálezde Chavarri E. (2007). Physiological response of rabbits to heat, cold, noise and mixing in the context of transport. Anim. Welfare, 16: 41-47.
Search in Google Scholar
De Weerth C., Buitelaar J.K. (2005). Physiological stress reactivity in human pregnancy - Areview. Neurosci. Biobehav. R., 29: 295-312.
Search in Google Scholar
Estevez M., Cava R. (2004). Lipid and protein oxidation, release of iron from heme molecule and colour deterioration during refrigerated storage of liver pate. Meat Sci., 68: 551-558.
Search in Google Scholar
Falowo A.B., Fayemi P.O., Muchenje V. (2014). Natural antioxidants against lipid-protein oxidative deterioration in meat and meat products: Areview. Food Res. Int., 64: 171-181.
Search in Google Scholar
Ferguson D.M., Bruce H.L., Thompson J.M., Egan A.F., Perry D., Shorthose W.R. (2001). Factors affecting beef palatability - Farm gate to chilled carcass. Aust. J. Exp. Agric., 41: 879-891.
Search in Google Scholar
Folch J., Lees M., Stanley G.H. (1957). Asimple method for the isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues. J. Biol. Chem., 226: 497-509.
Search in Google Scholar
Fottrell P. (2009). Code of Practice for the Welfare of Pigs. Farm Animal Welfare Advisory Council, Animal Health and Welfare Division, Agriculture House, Kildare Street, Dublin.
Search in Google Scholar
Hornsey H.C. (1956). The color of cooked cured pork, I. Estimation of the nitric oxide-heme pigments. J. Sci. Food Agric., 7: 534-540.
Search in Google Scholar
Kalra S., Einarson A., Karaskov T., Uum S.V., Koren G. (2007). The relationship between stress and hair cortisol in healthy pregnant women. Clin. Pharmacol. Therap., 30: 103-107.
Search in Google Scholar
Kanitz E., Otten W., Tuchscherer M. (2005). Central and peripheral effects of repeated noise stress on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis in pigs. Livest. Prod. Sci., 94: 21-224.
Search in Google Scholar
Karwowska M., Mikołajczak J., Borowski S., Dolatowski Z.J., Marć - - Pieńkowska J., Budziński W. (2014). Effect of noise generated by the wind turbine on the quality of goose muscles and abdominal fat. Ann. Anim. Sci., 14: 441-451.
Search in Google Scholar
Koknaroglu H., Arkunal T. (2013). Animal welfare: An animal science approach. Meat Sci., 95: 821-827.
Search in Google Scholar
Mikołajczak J., Borowski S., Marć - Pieńkowska J., Odrowąż - Sypniewska G., Bernacki Z., Siódmiak J., Szterk P. (2013). Preliminary studies on the reaction of growing geese (Anser anser f. domestica) to the proximity of wind turbines. Pol. J. Vet. Sci., 16: 679-686.
Search in Google Scholar
Ognik K., Sembratowicz I. (2012). Stress asafactor modifying the metabolism in poultry. Ann. UMCS Zoot., 30: 34-43.
Search in Google Scholar
Ordinance of the Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development, 15 February 2010 on the requirements and how to proceed while maintaning livestock species for which protection standards are provisions of the European Union.
Search in Google Scholar
Otten W., Kanitz A.E., Puppe B., Tuchscherer M., Brüssow K.P., Nürnberg G., Stabenow B. (2004). Acute and long term effects of chronic intermittent noise stress on hypothamic- pituitary-adrenocortical and sympatho-adrenomedullary axis in pigs. Anim. Sci., 78: 271-284.
Search in Google Scholar
Pawlas K. (2009). The influence of infra- and low- frequency sound on human -areview of the literature (in Polish). Podst. Met. Ocen. Środ. Pracy, 2: 27-64.
Search in Google Scholar
Raes K., De Smet K., Demeyer D. (2004). Effect of dietary fatty acid on incorporation of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acid in lamb, beef and pork meat:areview. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 113: 199-221.
Search in Google Scholar
Russell E., Koren G., Rieder M.,van Uum S. (2012). Hair cortisol asabiological marker of chronic stress: current status, future directions and unanswered questions. Psychoneuroendocrinol., 37: 589-601.
Search in Google Scholar
Terlouw C. (2005). Stress reactions at slaughter and meat quality in pigs: Genetic background and prior experience: Abrief review of recent findings. Livest. Prod. Sci., 94: 125-135.
Search in Google Scholar
The European Wind Energy Association (2014). Wind energy scenarios for 2020 (http://www.ewea.org/fileadmin/files/library/publications/scenarios/EWEA-Wind-energy-scenarios-2020.pdf)
Search in Google Scholar
Vande Perre V., Permentier L., De Bie S., Verbeke G., Geers, R. (2010). Effect of unloading, lairage, pig handling, stunning and season onp Hof pork. Meat Sci., 86: 931-937.
Search in Google Scholar
Voslarova E., Chloupek P., Chloupek J., Bedanova I., Pistekova V., Vecerek V. (2011). The effects of chronic intermittent noise exposure on broiler chicken performance. Anim. Sci. J., 82: 601-606.
Search in Google Scholar
Wierbicki E., Tiede M.G., Burrell R.C. (1962). Die Bestimmung der Fleischquellung als Methode zur Untersuchung der Wasserbindungskapazität von Muskelproteinen mit geringem Salthaltevermögen. Fleischwirtschaft, 10: 948-951.
Search in Google Scholar
Wojtas K., Cwynar P., Kołacz R. (2014). Effect of thermal stress on physiological and blood parameters in merino sheep. Bull. Vet. Inst. Puławy, 58: 283-288.
Search in Google Scholar
Wood J.D., Enser M., Fisher A.V., Nute G.R., Sheard P.R., Richardson R.I., Hu - ges S.I., Whittington F.M. (2008). Fat deposition, fatty acid composition and meat quality: A review. Meat Sci., 78: 343-58.
Search in Google Scholar
Yang P., Hao Y., Feng J., Lin H., Wu X., Yang X., Gu X. (2014). The expression of carnosine and its effect on the antioxidant capacity of Longissimus dorsi muscle in finishing pigs exposed to constant heat stress. Asian Austral. J. Anim. Sci., 12: 1763-1772.
Search in Google Scholar

The Effect of Varying Distances from the Wind Turbine on Meat Quality of Growing-Finishing Pigs

Abstract

Paradigm

My account