References
- AOAC (1995). Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Official Methods of Analysis, 16th ed., Arlington, Virginia, USA.
- Bargo F., Muller L.D., Delahoy J.E., Cassidy T.W. (2002). Performance of high producing dairy cows with three different feeding systems combining pasture and total mixed rations. J. Dairy Sci., 85: 2948-2963.
- Borkowska D., Januś E., Malinowska K. (2006). The level of urea in milk of cows fed feed mainly derived from permanent grasslands (in Polish). Ann. Zootech., Sectio EE, 24: 61-66.
- Boros D. (2011). The cereals varieties of wheat and rye grown in Poland in terms of nutritional and pro-health value (in Polish). Zboża wszechstronnie wykorzystane. Poradnik dla producentów. Agro Serwis, VI: 57-66.
- Brzóska F., Brejta W., Gąsior R. (1999). Influence of various cereal species and physical form of grain on fattening efficiency, carcass parameters and meat composition in bulls (in Polish). Rocz.Nauk. Zoot., 26: 125-139.
- Carlsson J., Bergström J., Pehrson B. (1995). Variations with breed, age, season, yield, stage of lactation and herd in the concentration of urea in bulk milk and individual cows milk. Acta Vet. Scand., 36: 245-254.
- Ceresnakova Z., Sommer A., Chrenkova M., Polacikova M., Dolesova P., Kralova V. (2000). Effective protein degradability and changes in amino acid spectrum after incubation of grains and mill feeds in rumen. Czech J. Anim. Sci., 45: 355-360.
- DEFA (2001). Condition scoring of dairy cows. In: Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs, London, England.
- Denek N., Deniz S. (2004). The determination of energy levels in some cereal grains used in ruminant diets by in vivo and in vitro methods. Turk. J. Vet. Anim. Sci., 28: 185-193.
- DLG (1997). Deutsche Landwirtschaft-Gesellschaft. Futterwerttabellen fuer Wiederkäuer. 7 Auflage, DLG Verlags Gmb H, Frankfurt am Main.
- FAO (2012). FAOSTAT. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
- FAO (2013). FAOSTAT. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
- Fuller M.F. (2004). The encyclopedia of farm animal nutrition. CABI Publishing Series, 606 pp.
- Goering H. K., Van Soest P.J. (1970). Forage Fiber Analysis (apparatus, reagents, procedures and some applications). USDA Agricultural Handbook, 379.
- Grajewski J., Błajet-Kosicka A., Twarużek M., Kosicki R. (2012). Occurrence of mycotoxins in Polish animal feed in years 2006-2009. J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr., 96: 870-877.
- Grammer J.C., Mc Ginnis J., Pubols M.H. (1983). The rachitogenic effects of fractions of rye and certain polysaccharides. Poultry Sci., 62: 103-109.
- Hellwing A.L.F., Larsen M., Weisbjerg M.R. (2013). Ruminal and intenstinal starch digestibility of rolled and Na OHtreated rye in dairy cows. Proc. 64th Annual Meeting of the European Association for Animal Production. Book of Abstracts, Nantes, France, 26-30.08.2013, 19, p. 421.
- Kirilov M.P., Kumarin S.V., Ilyukhina L.A., Golovin A.V., Udalova E.V. (1994). Rye in feed mixtures. Životnovodštvo, 33: 16-18.
- Knegsel A.T.M.van,vanden Brand H., Dijkstra J.,van Straalen W.M., Heet - kamp M.J.W., Tamminga S., Kemp B. (2007). Dietary energy source in dairy cows in early lactation: Energy partitioning and milk composition. J. Dairy Sci., 90: 1467-1476.
- Kraszewski J., Kozłowski J. (2000). Effect of feeding ground rye in feed rations for cows on the nutritional value of milk and butter (in Polish). Rocz. Nauk. Zoot., Suppl., 6: 62-72.
- Kulawinek M., Kozubek A. (2008). Quantitative determination of alkyloresorcinols in cereal grains: independence of the length of the aliphatic side chain. J. Food Lipids, 15: 251-261.
- Lechartier C., Peyraud J.L. (2011). The effects of starch and rapidly degradable dry matter from concentrate on ruminal digestion in dairy cows fed corn silage-based diets with fixed forage proportion. J. Dairy Sci., 94: 2440-2454.
- Maner J.H. (1987). Nutritional advantages and problems related to the use of cereal grains in feeds. In: FAO Expert Consultation on the substitution of imported concentrate feeds in animal production systems in developing countries, Sansoucy R., Preston T.R., Leng R.A. (eds). Bangkok, 9-13.09.1985, FAO Animal Production and Health Paper, 83.
- Mc Queen R.E., Fillmore A.E. (1991). Effects of triticale (cv. Beaguelita) and barley-based concentrates on feed intake and milk yield by dairy cows. Canad. J. Anim. Sci., 71: 845-853.
- Micek P. (2008). Nutritional usefulness to ruminants of grain of Polish cereal species and cultivars (in Polish). Zesz. Nauk. UR Kraków, Rozpr., 449: 1-127.
- Micek P., Kowalski Z.M. (2010). Cereal cultivar affects protein and starch digestion of grains in different parts of gastrointestinal tract of ruminants. Proc. 3rd EAAP International Symposium on energy and protein metabolism and nutrition, Parma, Italy, 6-10.09.2010, EAAP, Wageningen Academic Publishers, 127: 563-564.
- Miller G.D., Di Rienzo D.D., Reusser M.E., Mc Carron D.A. (2000). Benefits of dairy product consumption on blood pressure in humans:asummary of the biomedical literature. J. Am. Coll. Nutr., 19 (Suppl 2): 147-164.
- Mroczko L., Sobek Z. (2003). Win Pasze - Computer program of balancing and optimization of feed formulas (in Polish). AR Poznań, pp. 1-129, www.mroczko.com.pl
- Nocek J.E., Tamminga S. (1991). Site of digestion of starch in the gastrointestinal tract of dairy cows and its effect on milk yield and composition. J. Dairy Sci., 74: 3598-3629.
- Novobilský A., Mueller- Harvey I., Thamsborg S.M. (2011). Condensed tannins act against cattle nematodes. Vet. Parasitol., 182: 213-220.
- Offner A., Bach A., Sauvant D. (2003). Quantitative review of in situ starch degradation in the rumen. Anim. Feed Sci. Tech., 106: 81-93.
- Ørskov E.R., Ryle M. (1998). Energy nutrition in ruminants. Chalcombe Publications, Lincoln, UK.
- Parodi P.W. (2005). Dairy product consumption and the risk of breast cancer. J. Am. Coll. Nutr., 24: 556-568.
- Petr J., Mikšĭk V. (2006). Rye quality of hybrid and population varieties from intensive and ecological conditions. Sci. Agric. Bohemica, 37: 1-8.
- Rakowska M. (1994). Antinutritive compounds in rye grain (in Polish). Hodowla Roślin, Aklimatyzacja i Nasiennictwo, 38: 21-42.
- Sauvant D., Chapoutot P., Archiméde H. (1994). La digestion des amidons par les ruminants et ses conséquences. INRA Prod. Anim., 7: 115-124.
- Sauvant D., Perez J.M., Tran G. (2004). Tables INRA-AFZde composition et de valeur nutritive des matières premières destinées aux animaux d’élevage: INRA Editions Versailles 2 èmeédition, p. 306.
- Sharma H.R., Ingalls J.H., Mc Kirdy J.A., Sanford L.M. (1981). Evaluation of rye grain in the diets of young Holstein calves and lactating dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci., 64: 441-448.
- Sharma H.R., Ingalls J.R., Mc Kirdy J.A. (1983). Feeding value of alkali-treated whole rye (Secale cereale L.) grain for lactating cows and its digestibility for sheep. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 10: 77-82.
- Smith W.A., Plessis G.G., Griessler A. (1994). Replacing maize grain with triticale in lactation diets for dairy cattle and fattening diets for steers. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 49: 287-295.
- Sosulski F.W., Minja L.A., Christensen D.A. (1988). Trypsin inhibitors and nutritive value in cereals. Plant Food. Hum. Nutr., 38: 23-34.
- Stallings Ch. (2011). Feeding cows with increasing feed prices: efficiencies, feed options, and quality control. Proc. 47th Florida Dairy Production Conference, Gainesville, USA, 30.03.2011, pp. 40-45.
- Südekum K.H., Brandt M., Schuldt A., Puls J. (1994). Site and extent of cell-wall neutral monosaccharide digestion in dairy cows receiving diets with rolled cereal grains. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 46: 307-320.
- Śliwiński B.J., Soliva C.R., Machmüller A., Kreuzer M. (2002). Efficacy of plant extracts rich in secondary constituents to modify rumen fermentation. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 101: 101-114.
- Zebeli Q., Dijkstra J., Tafaj M., Steingass H., Ametaj B.N., Drochner W. (2008). Modeling the adequacy of dietary fiber in dairy cows based on the responses of ruminalp Hand milk fat production to composition of the diet. J. Dairy Sci., 91: 2046-2066.