A branch hash function as a method of message synchronization in anonymous P2P conversations

Kobusińska, Anna; Brzeziński, Jerzy; Boroń, Michał; Inatlewski, Łukasz; Jabczyński, Michał; Maciejewski, Mateusz

doi:10.1515/amcs-2016-0034

Abstract

Currently existing solutions rarely protect message integrity, authenticity and user anonymity without burdening the user with details of key management. To address this problem, we present Aldeon-a protocol for anonymous group conversations in a peer-to-peer system. The efficiency of Aldeon is based on a novel tree synchronization algorithm, which is proposed and discussed in this paper. By using this algorithm, a significant reduction in the number of exchanged messages is achieved. In the paper, the formal definition of the proposed hash branch function and the proof of its efficiency are presented.

References

Aditya, P., Erdélyi, V., Lentz, M., Shi, E., Bhattacharjee, B. and Druschel, P. (2014). Encore: Private, context-based communication for mobile social apps, Proceedings of the 12th Annual International Conference on Mobile Systems, Applications, and Services, Bretton Woods, NH, USA, pp. 135-148.
Search in Google Scholar
Baruah, T. (2012). Effectiveness of social media as a tool of communication and its potential for technology enabled connections: A micro-level study, International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications 2(5): 1-10.
Search in Google Scholar
Berthold, O., Federrath, H. and Kpsell, S. (2001). Web mixes: A system for anonymous and unobservable internet access, International Workshop on Designing Privacy Enhancing Technologies: Design Issues in Anonymity and Unobservability, Berkeley, CA, USA, pp. 115-129.
Search in Google Scholar
Boyd, C., Mao, W. and Paterson, K.G. (2005). Deniable authenticated key establishment for internet protocols, in B. Christianson et al. (Eds.), Security Protocols, Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, pp. 255-271.10.1007/11542322_31
Search in Google Scholar
Dabek, F., Li, J., Sit, E., Robertson, J., Kaashoek, M. and Morris, R. (2004). Designing a DHT for low latency and high throughput, Proceedings of the 1st USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation (NSDI’04), San Francisco, CA, USA, p. 7.
Search in Google Scholar
Damiani, E., De Capitani di Vimercati, S., Paraboschi, S. and Samarati, P. (2004). P2P-based collaborative spam detection and filtering, 4th International Conference on Peer-to-Peer Computing (P2P 2004), Zurich, Switzerland, pp. 176-183.
Search in Google Scholar
Dikranjan, D. (1998). Recent advances in minimal topological groups, Topology and its Applications 85(1): 53-91.10.1016/S0166-8641(97)00141-7
Search in Google Scholar
ENISA (2012). Algorithms, key sizes and parameters report-2013 recommendations, Technical report, European Union Agency for Network and Information Security Agency, Heraklion.
Search in Google Scholar
Frankel, S., Glenn, R. and Kelly, S. (2003). The AES-CBC cipher algorithm and its use with IPSEC, RFC 3602, Network Working Group, https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3602.
Search in Google Scholar
Gilbert, S. and Lynch, N. (2002). Brewer’s conjecture and the feasibility of consistent, available, partition-tolerant web services, SIGACT News 33(2): 51-59.10.1145/564585.564601
Search in Google Scholar
Laprie, J.C., Avizienis, A. and Kopetz, H. (Eds.) (1992). Dependability: Basic Concepts and Terminology, Springer-Verlag New York, Secaucus, NJ.10.1007/978-3-7091-9170-5
Search in Google Scholar
Lv, X., Li, H. and Wang, B. (2012). Group key agreement for secure group communication in dynamic peer systems, Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing 72(10): 1195-1200.10.1016/j.jpdc.2012.06.004
Search in Google Scholar
Mannan, M. and van Oorschot, P. (2006). A protocol for secure public instant messaging, 10th International Conference on Financial Cryptography and Data Security, Anguilla, British West Indies, pp. 20-35.
Search in Google Scholar
Miller, K. (2014). Organizational Communication: Approaches and Processes, Cengage Learning, Boston, MA.
Search in Google Scholar
Montresor, A. and Jelasity, M. (2009). PeerSim: A scalable P2P simulator, IEEE 9th International Conference on Peer-to- Peer Computing, P2P’09, Seattle, WA, USA, pp. 99-100.
Search in Google Scholar
Moore, A. and Zuev, D. (2005). Internet traffic classification using Bayesian analysis techniques, Proceedings of the International Conference on Measurements and Modeling of Computer Systems, SIGMETRICS 2005, Banff, Alberta, Canada, pp. 50-60.
Search in Google Scholar
Mooser, M., Boohme, R. and Breuker, D. (2014). Towards risk scoring of Bitcoin transactions, Financial Cryptography and Data Security FC 2014 Workshops, Bridgetown, Barbados, pp. 16-32.
Search in Google Scholar
Nakamoto, S. (2008). Bitcoin: A peer-to-peer electronic cash system, www.bitcoin.org.
Search in Google Scholar
Payne, B. and Edwards,W. (2008). A brief introduction to usable security, IEEE Internet Computing 12(3): 13-21.10.1109/MIC.2008.50
Search in Google Scholar
Rivest, R. L., Shamir, A. and Adleman, L. (1978). A method for obtaining digital signatures and public-key cryptosystems, Communications of the ACM 21(2): 120-126.10.1145/359340.359342
Search in Google Scholar
Rowstron, A., Kermarrec, A., Castro, M. and Druschel, P. (2001). SCRIBE: The design of a large-scale event notification infrastructure, Proceedings of the 3rd International COST264 Workshop on Networked Group Communication, NGC’01, London, UK, pp. 30-43.
Search in Google Scholar
Sakarindr, P. and Ansari, N. (2010). Survey of security services on group communications, IET Information Security 4(4): 258-272.10.1049/iet-ifs.2009.0261
Search in Google Scholar
Saxena, A., Misra, J. and Dhar, A. (2014). Increasing anonymity in Bitcoin, in N. Christin and R. Safav-Naini (Eds.), Financial Cryptography and Data Security, Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, pp. 122-139.10.1007/978-3-662-44774-1_9
Search in Google Scholar
Schoder, D. and Fischbach, K. (2003). Peer-to-peer prospects, Communications of the ACM 46(2): 27-29.10.1145/606272.606294
Search in Google Scholar
Schollmeier, R. (2001). A definition of peer-to-peer networking for the classification of peer-to-peer architectures and applications, Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Peer-to-Peer Computing, P2P’01, Link¨oping, Sweden, pp. 101-102.
Search in Google Scholar
SDCDev (2014). Shadowcoin secure messaging: A P2P encrypted instant messaging system, www.shadowcoin.co.
Search in Google Scholar
Serjantov, A. (2002). Anonymizing censorship resistant systems, in P. Druschel et al. (Eds.), Peer-to-Peer Systems, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 2429, Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, pp. 111-120.10.1007/3-540-45748-8_11
Search in Google Scholar
Sit, E. and Morris, R. (2002). Security considerations for peer-to-peer distributed hash tables, Revised Papers from the 1st International Workshop on Peer-to-Peer Systems, IPTPS’01, Cambridge, MA, USA, pp. 261-269.
Search in Google Scholar
Sompolinsky, Y. and Zohar, A. (2013). Accelerating Bitcoin’s transaction processing. Fast money grows on trees, not chains, IACR Cryptology ePrint Archive 2013: 881.
Search in Google Scholar
Völker, L., Noe, M., Waldhorst, O.P., Werle, C. and Sorge, C. (2011). Can internet users protect themselves? Challenges and techniques of automated protection of http communication, Computer Communications 34(3): 457-467.10.1016/j.comcom.2010.06.016
Search in Google Scholar
Warren, J. (2012). Bitmessage: A peer-to-peer message authentication and delivery system, www.bitmessage.org.
Search in Google Scholar
Weninger, T. (2014). An exploration of submissions and discussions in social news: Mining collective intelligence of Reddit, Social Network Analysis and Mining 4(1): 1-19.10.1007/s13278-014-0173-9
Search in Google Scholar
Xiao, Z., Guo, L. and Tracey, J. M. (2007). Understanding instant messaging traffic characteristics, 27th IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS 2007), Toronto, Ontario, Canada, p. 51.
Search in Google Scholar
Xie, M. and Wang, H. (2012). Secure instant messaging in enterprise-like networks, Computer Networks 56(1): 448-461.10.1016/j.comnet.2011.09.006
Search in Google Scholar
Zhang, Q., Cheng, L. and Boutaba, R. (2010). Cloud computing: State-of-the-art and research challenges, Journal of Internet Services and Applications 1(1): 7-18. 10.1007/s13174-010-0007-6
Search in Google Scholar

A branch hash function as a method of message synchronization in anonymous P2P conversations

Abstract

Paradigm

My account