Overview
With a focus on assessing sinus venosus defects, echocardiography educator Alicia Rangosch at Houston Methodist’s Adult Congenital Heart Program reviews the preferred echocardiographic windows, views, and sweeps using a simulator to show the cardiac structures in a 3-dimensional (3D) model (Video 1). Simultaneously, we show the 2D images produced in the ultrasound machine as the transducer is manipulated. We also show examples of case studies.
Video 1
This 11-minute video aims at improving skills for the structural assessment of sinus venosus defects using 2D transthoracic echocardiography, with a focus on both superior and inferior sinus venosus defects. View it at https://vimeo.com/1153585209.
This list of topics indicates the time stamp for finding the following windows and views.
INTRODUCTION (0:07)
Superior Sinus Venosus Defects Overview (0:20)
ASSESSING SUPERIOR SINUS VENOSUS DEFECTS USING TTE (1:12)
Case 1: Unrepaired Secundum ASD in childhood, with severe PAH in adulthood (1:35)
Left Parasternal Long Axis View (1:50)
Right Ventricle Outflow Tract View (2:27)
Parasternal Short Axis (PSAX) View (2:57)
Apical 4-Chamber View (3:41)
Apical 5-Chamber View (4:03)
Apical RV Oblique View (4:24)
SUBCOSTAL WINDOW (5:54)
Subcostal 4-Chamber View at 3 o’clock (6:14)
Subcostal Bicaval View at 11 o’clock (6:45)
RIGHT PARASTERNAL WINDOW (7:29)
Right Parasternal Border at 11–12 o’clock (7:49)
Case 2: Superior Sinus Venosus Defect in a Complex Case (8:03)
Agitated Saline (8:40)
INFERIOR SINUS VENOSUS DEFECT (8:56)
Parasternal Long Axis View (9:10)
Parasternal Short Axis View (9:30)
Apical Views (9:42)
Subcostal Window (10:15)
Right Parasternal View (10:31)
CONCLUSION (10:49)
Competing Interests
The authors have no competing interests to declare.