References
- Virani SS, Alonso A, Aparicio HJ, et al. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2021 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2021 Feb 23;143(8):e254-e743. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000950
- Dewan P, Rørth R, Jhund PS, et al. Differential Impact of Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction on Men and Women. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019 Jan 8;73(1):29-40. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.09.081
- Leo I, Nakou E, de Marvao A, Wong J, Rucciarelli-Ducci C. Imaging in Women with Heart Failure: Sex-specific Characteristics and Current Challenges. Card Fail Rev. 2022 Sep 23;8:
e29 . doi: 10.15420/cfr.2022.17 - White-Williams C., Rossi LP, Bettner VA, et al. Addressing Social Determinants of Health in the Care of Patients With Heart Failure: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2020 Jun 2;141(22):e841-e863. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000767
- Adamo M, CM Lombardi, Metra M. May 2020 at a glance: ischaemic heart failure and sex-related differences. Eur J Heart Fail. 2020 May;22(5):761-762. doi: 10.1002/ejhf.1513
- Heidenreich PA, Bozkurt B, Aguilar D, et al. 2022 AHA/ACC/HFSA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure: Executive Summary: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2022 Apr;145(18):e876-e894. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000001062
- Chung AK, Das SR, Leonard D, et al. Women have higher left ventricular ejection fractions than men independent of differences in left ventricular volume: the Dallas Heart Study. Circulation. 2006 Mar 28;113(12):1597-604. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.574400
- Dewan P, Jackson A, Lam CSP, et al. Interactions between left ventricular ejection fraction, sex and effect of neurohumoral modulators in heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail. 2020 May;22(5): 898-901. doi: 10.1002/ejhf.1776
- Kenchaiah S, Vasan RS. Heart Failure in Women--Insights from the Framingham Heart Study. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 2015 Aug;29(4):377-90. doi: 10.1007/s10557-015-6599-0
- Hsich EM, Grau-Sepulveda M, Hernandez AF, et al. Relationship between sex, ejection fraction, and B-type natriuretic peptide levels in patients hospitalized with heart failure and associations with inhospital outcomes: findings from the Get With The Guideline-Heart Failure Registry. Am Heart J. 2013 Dec;166(6):1063-1071 e3. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2013.08.029
- Lam CSP, Arnott C, Beale AL, et al. Sex differences in heart failure. Eur Heart J. 2019 Dec 14;40(47):3859-3868c. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz835
- Gerdts E, Regitz-Zagrosek V. Sex differences in cardiometabolic disorders. Nat Med. 2019 Nov;25(11):1657-1666. doi: 10.1038/s41591-019-0643-8
- Garg R, Yusuf S. Overview of randomized trials of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors on mortality and morbidity in patients with heart failure. Collaborative Group on ACE Inhibitor Trials. JAMA. 1995 May 10;273(18):1450-6. PMID: 7654275. doi: 10.1001/jama.273.18.1450
- Shekelle PG, Rich MW, Morton SC, et al. Efficacy of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and beta-blockers in the management of left ventricular systolic dysfunction according to race, gender, and diabetic status: a meta-analysis of major clinical trials. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003 May 7;41(9):1529-38. doi: 10.1016/s0735-1097(03)00262-6
- Carson P, Tognoni G, Cohn JN. Effect of Valsartan on hospitalization: results from Val-HeFT. J Card Fail. 2003 Jun;9(3):164-71. doi: 10.1054/jcaf.2003.22
- Hudson M, Rahme E, Behlouli H, Sheppard R, Pilote L. Sex differences in the effectiveness of angiotensin receptor blockers and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors in patients with congestive heart failure--a population study. Eur J Heart Fail. 2007 Jun-Jul;9(6-7):602-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ejheart.2007.02.001
- Zusterzeel R, Selzman KA, Sanders WE, et al. Cardiac resynchronization therapy in women: US Food and Drug Administration meta-analysis of patient-level data. JAMA Intern Med. 2014 Aug;174(8):1340-8. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2014.2717
- Randolph TC, Hellkakmp AS, Zeitler EP, et al. Utilization of cardiac resynchronization therapy in eligible patients hospitalized for heart failure and its association with patient outcomes. Am Heart J. 2017 Jul;189:48-58. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2017.04.001
- Sridhar ARM, Yarlagadda V, Parasa S, et al. Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy: US Trends and Disparities in Utilization and Outcomes. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2016 Mar;9(3):
e003108 . doi: 10.1161/CIRCEP.115.003108 - Ghanbari H, Dalloul G, Hasan R, et al. Effectiveness of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators for the primary prevention of sudden cardiac death in women with advanced heart failure: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Arch Intern Med. 2009 Sep 14;169(16):1500-6. doi: 10.1001/archinternmed.2009.255
- Santangeli P, Pelargonio G, Dello Russo A, et al. Gender differences in clinical outcome and primary prevention defibrillator benefit in patients with severe left ventricular dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Heart Rhythm. 2010 Jul;7(7):876-82. doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2010.03.042
- Russo AM, Daugherty SL, Masoudi, Wang Y, Curtis J, Lampert R. Gender and outcomes after primary prevention implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation: Findings from the National Cardiovascular Data Registry (NCDR). Am Heart J. 2015 Aug;170(2):330-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2015.02.025
- MacFadden DR, Crystal E, Drahn AD, et al. Sex differences in implantable cardioverter-defibrillator outcomes: findings from a prospective defibrillator database. Ann Intern Med. 2012 Feb 7;156(3):195-203. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-156-3-201202070-00007
- Sakai T, Motoki H, Suzuki S, et al. Gender difference in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: clinical profiles, examinations, and prognosis. Heart Vessels. 2022 Oct;37(10):1710-1718. doi: 10.1007/s00380-022-02067-2
- Regitz-Zagrosek V, Brokat S, Tschope C. Role of gender in heart failure with normal left ventricular ejection fraction. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2007 Jan-Feb;49(4):241-51. doi: 10.1016/j.pcad.2006.08.011
- Redfield MM, Jacobsen SJ, Borlaug BA, Rodeheffer RJ, Kass DA. Age- and gender-related ventricular-vascular stiffening: a community-based study. Circulation. 2005 Oct 11;112(15): 2254-62. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.541078
- Mohammed SF, Hussain S, Mirzoyev SA, Edwards WD, Maleszewski JJ, Redfield MM. Coronary microvascular rarefaction and myocardial fibrosis in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Circulation. 2015 Feb 10;131(6):550-9. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.009625
- Merz AA, Cheng S. Sex differences in cardiovascular ageing. Heart. 2016 Jun 1;102(11):825-31. doi: 10.1136/heartjnl-2015-308769
- Savji N, Meijers WC, Bartz TM, et al. The Association of Obesity and Cardiometabolic Traits With Incident HFpEF and HFrEF. JACC Heart Fail. 2018 Aug;6(8):701-709. doi: 10.1016/j.jchf.2018.05.018
- Eaton CB, Pettinger M, Rossouw J, et al. Risk Factors for Incident Hospitalized Heart Failure With Preserved Versus Reduced Ejection Fraction in a Multiracial Cohort of Postmenopausal Women. Circ Heart Fail. 2016 Oct;9(10):
e002883 . doi: 10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.115.002883 - Madan N, Itchhaporia D, Albert CM, Aggarwal NT, Volgman AS. Atrial Fibrillation and Heart Failure in Women. Heart Fail Clin. 2019 Jan;15(1):55-64. doi: 10.1016/j.hfc.2018.08.006
- Siddiqi HK, Vinayagamoorthy M, Gencer B, et al. Sex Differences in Atrial Fibrillation Risk: The VITAL Rhythm Study. JAMA Cardiol. 2022 Oct 1;7(10):1027-1035. doi: 10.1001/jamacardio.2022.2825
- Merrill M, Sweitzer NK, Lindenfeld J, Kao DP. Sex Differences in Outcomes and Responses to Spironolactone in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Secondary Analysis of TOPCAT Trial. JACC Heart Fail. 2019 Mar;7(3):228-238. doi: 10.1016/j.jchf.2019.01.003
- McMurray JJV, Jackson AM, Lam CSP, et al. Effects of Sacubitril-Valsartan Versus Valsartan in Women Compared With Men With Heart Failure and Preserved Ejection Fraction: Insights From PARAGON-HF. Circulation. 2020 Feb 4;141(5):338-351. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.044491
- Templin C, Ghadri JR, Diekmann J, et al. Clinical Features and Outcomes of Takotsubo (Stress) Cardiomyopathy. N Engl J Med. 2015 Sep 3;373(10):929-38. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1406761
- Murakami T, Yoshikawa T, Maekawa Y, et al. Gender Differences in Patients with Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy: Multi-Center Registry from Tokyo CCU Network. PLoS One. 2015 Aug 28;10(8):
e0136655 . doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136655 - Natale E Mistrulli R. Takotsubo syndrome: more frequent in women, more dangerous in men. Eur Heart J Suppl. 2023 Apr 21;25(Suppl B):B119-B122. doi: 10.1093/eurheartjsupp/suad089
- Brinjikji W, El-Sayed AM, Salka S. In-hospital mortality among patients with takotsubo cardiomyopathy: a study of the National Inpatient Sample 2008 to 2009. Am Heart J. 2012 Aug;164(2):215-21. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2012.04.010
- Geske JB, Ong KC, Siontis KC, et al. Women with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy have worse survival. Eur Heart J. 2017 Dec 7;38(46):3434-3440. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx527
- Olivotto I, Maron MS, Adabag AS, et al. Gender-related differences in the clinical presentation and outcome of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2005 Aug 2;46(3):480-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2005.04.043
- Rowin EJ, Maron MS, Wells S, Patel PP, Koethe BC, Maron BJ. Impact of Sex on Clinical Course and Survival in the Contemporary Treatment Era for Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. J Am Heart Assoc. 2019 Nov 5;8(21):
e012041 . doi: 10.1161/JAHA.119.012041 - Ghiselli L, Marchi A, Fumagalli C, et al. Sex-related differences in exercise performance and outcome of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2020 Nov;27(17):1821-1831. doi: 10.1177/2047487319886961
- Liu G, Su L, Lang M. A systematic review and meta-analysis of sex differences in clinical outcomes of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2023 Dec 5;10:1252266. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1252266
- Argiro A, Ho C, day SM, et al. Sex-Related Differences in Genetic Cardiomyopathies. J Am Heart Assoc. 2022 May 3;11(9):
e024947 . doi: 10.1161/JAHA.121.024947 - Nijenkamp L, Bollen IAE, van Velzen HG, et al. Sex Differences at the Time of Myectomy in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Circ Heart Fail. 2018 Jun;11(6):
e004133 . doi: 10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.117.004133 - Lakdawala NK, Olivotto I, day SM, et al. Associations Between Female Sex, Sarcomere Variants, and Clinical Outcomes in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Circ Genom Precis Med. 2021 Feb;14(1):
e003062 . doi: 10.1161/CIRCGEN.120.003062 - Page SP, Kounas S, Syrris P, et al. Cardiac myosin binding protein-C mutations in families with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: disease expression in relation to age, gender, and long term outcome. Circ Cardiovasc Genet. 2012 Apr 1;5(2):156-66. doi: 10.1161/CIRCGENETICS.111.960831
- Lorenzini M, Morrish G, Field E, et al. Penetrance of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy in Sarcomere Protein Mutation Carriers. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020 Aug 4;76(5):550-559. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.06.011
- Eagle M, Baudouin SV, Chandler C, Giddings DR, Bullock R, Bushby K. Survival in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: improvements in life expectancy since 1967 and the impact of home nocturnal ventilation. Neuromuscul Disord. 2002 Dec;12(10):926-9. doi: 10.1016/s0960-8966(02)00140-2
- Connuck DM, Sleeper LA, Colan SD, et al. Characteristics and outcomes of cardiomyopathy in children with Duchenne or Becker muscular dystrophy: a comparative study from the Pediatric Cardiomyopathy Registry. Am Heart J. 2008 Jun;155(6):998-1005. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2008.01.018
- StatPearls [Internet]. Washington DC: National Library of Medicine; c2024. Thada PK, Bhandan J, Forshaw KC, Umapathi KK.
Becker Muscular Dystrophy ; 2024 Jan 30 [cited 2024 Feb 21]. Available from:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK556092/ - Finsterer J, Stollberger C. Muscle, cardiac, and cerebral manifestations in female carriers of dystrophin variants. J Neurol Sci. 2018 May 15;388:107-108. doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2018.03.015
- Ishizaki M, Kobayashi M, Adachi K, Matsumura T, Kimura E. Female dystrophinopathy: Review of current literature. Neuromuscul Disord. 2018 Jul;28(7):572-581. doi: 10.1016/j.nmd.2018.04.005
- Faro DC, Losi V, Rodolico MS, et al. Sex Differences in Anderson-Fabry Cardiomyopathy: Clinical, Genetic, and Imaging Analysis in Women. Genes (Basel). 2023 Sep 15;14(9). doi: 10.3390/genes14091804
- Linhart A, Kampmann C, Zamorano JL, et al. Cardiac manifestations of Anderson-Fabry disease: results from the international Fabry outcome survey. Eur Heart J. 2007 May;28(10): 1228-35. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehm153
- Shah JS, Hughes DA, Sachdev B, et al. Prevalence and clinical significance of cardiac arrhythmia in Anderson-Fabry disease. Am J Cardiol. 2005 Sep 15;96(6):842-6. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2005.05.033
- Niemann M, Herrmann S, Hu K, et al. Differences in Fabry cardiomyopathy between female and male patients: consequences for diagnostic assessment. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2011 Jun;4(6):592-601. doi: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2011.01.020
- GeneReviews [Internet]. Washington DC: National Library of Medicine; c2024. Mehta A, Hughes DA, editors.
Fabry Disease ; 2023 Mar 9 [cited 2024 Feb 21]. Available from:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1292/ - Mehta LS, Sharma G, Creanga AA, et al. Call to Action: Maternal Health and Saving Mothers: A Policy Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2021 Oct 12;144(15):e251-e269. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000001000
- Hauspurg A, Yung W, Hubel CA, Michos ED, Ouyang P. Adverse pregnancy outcomes and future maternal cardiovascular disease. Clin Cardiol. 2018 Feb;41(2):239-246. doi: 10.1002/clc.22887
- Ying W, Catov JM, Ouyang P. Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy and Future Maternal Cardiovascular Risk. J Am Heart Assoc. 2018 Sep 4;7(17):
e009382 . doi: 10.1161/JAHA.118.009382 - Lykke JA, Langhoff-Roos J, Sibai BM, Funai EF, Triche EW, Faidas MJ. Hypertensive pregnancy disorders and subsequent cardiovascular morbidity and type 2 diabetes mellitus in the mother. Hypertension. 2009 Jun;53(6):944-51. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.109.130765
- Arany Z. Peripartum Cardiomyopathy. N Engl J Med. 2024 Jan 11;390(2):154-164. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra2306667
- Ware JS, Mazaika E, Yasso CM, et al. Shared Genetic Predisposition in Peripartum and Dilated Cardiomyopathies. N Engl J Med. 2016 Jan 21;374(3):233-41. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1505517
- Davis MB, Arany Z, McNamara DM, Goland S, Elkayam U. Peripartum Cardiomyopathy: JACC State-of-the-Art Review. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020 Jan 21;75(2):207-221. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2019.11.014
- DeFilippis EM, Beale A, Martyn T, et al. Heart Failure Subtypes and Cardiomyopathies in Women. Circ Res. 2022 Feb 18;130(4):436-454. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.121.319900
- Gentry MB, Dias JK, Luis A, Patel R, Thornton J, Reed GL. African-American women have a higher risk for developing peripartum cardiomyopathy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010 Feb 16;55(7):654-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2009.09.043
- DeFilippis EM, Bhagra C, Casale J, et al. Cardio-Obstetrics and Heart Failure: JACC: Heart Failure State-of-the-Art Review. JACC Heart Fail. 2023 Sep;11(9):1165-1180. doi: 10.1016/j.jchf.2023.07.009
- Olanipekun T, Abe T, Effoe V, et al. Racial and Ethnic Disparities in the Trends and Outcomes of Cardiogenic Shock Complicating Peripartum Cardiomyopathy. JAMA Netw Open. 2022 Jul 1;5(7):
e2220937 . doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.20937 - Hilfiker-Kleiner D, Haghikia A, Berliner D, et al. Bromocriptine for the treatment of peripartum cardiomyopathy: a multicentre randomized study. Eur Heart J. 2017 Sep 14;38(35):2671-2679. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx355
- Sliwa K, Blauwet L, Tibazarwa K, et al. Evaluation of bromocriptine in the treatment of acute severe peripartum cardiomyopathy: a proof-of-concept pilot study. Circulation. 2010 Apr 6;121(13):1465-73. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.901496
- Mallikethi-Reddy S, Akintoye E, Trehan N, et al. Burden of arrhythmias in peripartum cardiomyopathy: Analysis of 9841 hospitalizations. Int J Cardiol. 2017 May 15;235:114-117. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.02.084
- Duncker D, Westenfeld R, Konrad T, et al. Risk for life-threatening arrhythmia in newly diagnosed peripartum cardiomyopathy with low ejection fraction: a German multi-centre analysis. Clin Res Cardiol. 2017 Aug;106(8):582-589. doi: 10.1007/s00392-017-1090-5
- McNamara DM, Elkayam U, Alharethi R, et al. Clinical Outcomes for Peripartum Cardiomyopathy in North America: Results of the IPAC Study (Investigations of Pregnancy-Associated Cardiomyopathy). J Am Coll Cardiol. 2015 Aug 25;66(8):905-14. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2015.06.1309
- Pachariyanon P, Bogabathina H, Jaisingh K, Modi M, Modi K. Long-Term Outcomes of Women With Peripartum Cardiomyopathy Having Subsequent Pregnancies. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2023 Jul 4;82(1):16-26. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2023.04.043
- Breathett K, Allen LA, Helmkamp L, et al. Temporal Trends in Contemporary Use of Ventricular Assist Devices by Race and Ethnicity. Circ Heart Fail. 2018 Aug;11(8):
e005008 . doi: 10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.118.005008 - Colvin M, Smith JM, Hadley N, et al. OPTN/SRTR 2018 Annual Data Report: Heart. Am J Transplant. 2020 Jan;20 Suppl s1:340-426. doi: 10.1111/ajt.15676
- Chung A, Hartman H, DeFilippis EM. Sex Differences in Cardiac Transplantation. Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2023 Dec;25(12):995-1001. doi: 10.1007/s11883-023-01169-0
- Gruen J, Caraballo C, Miller PE, et al. Sex Differences in Patients Receiving Left Ventricular Assist Devices for End-Stage Heart Failure. JACC Heart Fail. 2020 Sep;8(9):770-779. doi: 10.1016/j.jchf.2020.04.015
- Herr JJ, Ravichandran A, Sheikh FH, et al. Practices of Referring Patients to Advanced Heart Failure Centers. J Card Fail. 2021 Nov;27(11):1251-1259. doi: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2021.05.024
- Ebong IA, DeFilippis EM, Hamad EA, et al. Special Considerations in the Care of Women With Advanced Heart Failure. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2022 Jul 11;9:890108. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.890108
- Hickey KT, Doering LV, Chen B, et al. Clinical and gender differences in heart transplant recipients in the NEW HEART study. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2017 Mar;16(3):222-229. doi: 10.1177/1474515116651178
- DeFilippis EM, Truby LK, Garan AR, et al. Sex-Related Differences in Use and Outcomes of Left Ventricular Assist Devices as Bridge to Transplantation. JACC Heart Fail. 2019 Mar;7(3):250-257. doi: 10.1016/j.jchf.2019.01.008
- Thangam M, Luke AA, Johnson DY, et al. Sociodemographic differences in utilization and outcomes for temporary cardiovascular mechanical support in the setting of cardiogenic shock. Am Heart J. 2021 Jun;236:87-96. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2020.12.014
- Hsich EM. Sex Differences in Advanced Heart Failure Therapies. Circulation. 2019 Feb 19;139(8):1080-1093. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.037369
- Joshi AA, Lerman JB, Sajja AP, et al. Sex-Based Differences in Left Ventricular Assist Device Utilization: Insights From the Nationwide Inpatient Sample 2004 to 2016. Circ Heart Fail. 2019 Sep;12(9):
e006082 . doi: 10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.119.006082 - Ramu B, Cogswell R, Ravichandran AK, et al. Clinical Outcomes With a Fully Magnetically Levitated Left Ventricular Assist Device Among Women and Men. JACC Heart Fail. 2023 Dec;11(12):1692-1704. doi: 10.1016/j.jchf.2023.08.020
- Tsiouris A, Morgan JA, Nemeh HW, Hodari A, Brewer RJ, Paone G. Sex-specific outcomes in patients receiving continuous-flow left ventricular devices as a bridge to transplantation or destination therapy. ASAIO J. 2014 Mar-Apr;60(2):199-206. doi: 10.1097/MAT.0000000000000048
- Morris AA, Pekarek A, Wittersheim K, et al. Gender differences in the risk of stroke during support with continuous-flow left ventricular assist device. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2015 Dec;34(12):1570-7. doi: 10.1016/j.healun.2015.08.013
- Hsich EM, Naftel DC, Myers SL, et al. Should women receive left ventricular assist device support?: findings from INTERMACS. Circ Heart Fail. 2012 Mar 1;5(2):234-40. doi: 10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.111.963272
- Bozkurt B, Ahmad T, Alexander KM, et al. Heart Failure Epidemiology and Outcomes Statistics: A Report of the Heart Failure Society of America. J Card Fail. 2023 Oct;29(10):1412-1451. doi: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2023.07.006
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14797/mdcvj.1368 | Journal eISSN: 1947-6108
Language: English
Page range: 59 - 69
Submitted on: Feb 15, 2024
Accepted on: Feb 16, 2024
Published on: Mar 14, 2024
Published by: Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Keywords:
© 2024 Cindy M. Martin, published by Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License.