Heart Transplantation in Adults with Congenital Heart Disease

Steady advances in the diagnosis and management of congenital heart disease over the last few decades has resulted in a growing population of adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD). Consequently, there has been a parallel increase in the number of ACHD patients plagued with end-stage heart failure. Even so, the transplantation rate for these patients has remained low, at about 3% of all adult heart transplants. This review discusses the scope of transplantation for ACHD, including indications and contraindications, specific challenges and nuances, and post-transplant outcomes.