Demographic Changes in Post-State Farm Localities in Poland

MARTA EWA GWIAŹDZIŃSKA-GORAJ; MONIKA WESOŁOWSKA; ALEKSANDRA JEZIERSKA-THÖLE

doi:10.14746/quageo-2025-0016

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Demographic Changes in Post-State Farm Localities in Poland

Quaestiones Geographicae

Volume 44 (2025): Issue 2 (June 2025)

By: MARTA EWA GWIAŹDZIŃSKA-GORAJ , MONIKA WESOŁOWSKA and ALEKSANDRA JEZIERSKA-THÖLE

Open Access

|Jul 2025

Figures & Tables

Location of post-state farm localities in Poland and the share of the area of State Agricultural Farms (PGR) in 1988 based on Gwiaździńska-Goraj (2023).
* data aggregated to the 1999 administrative division.

Location of post-state farm localities in Poland and population changes between 1931/1933 and 1946 based on Wesołowska (2018).
* data aggregated to the 1999 administrative division.

Post-state farm localities in Poland according to the list of localities covered by decommissioned State Agricultural Farms (www.stat.gov.pl; accessed 6 december 2023).
* data aggregated to the 1999 administrative division.

Table 1.

Separation criterion for assessment based on Kaczmarek and Parysek (1977).

Separation criterion	Evaluation of size of indicator relative to its average size
$z_{x i j} \geq x_{j} + \frac{1}{2} δ_{j}$	favourable
$x_{j} \leq z_{x i j} < x_{j} + \frac{1}{2} δ_{j}$	moderately favourable
$x_{j} - \frac{1}{2} δ_{j} \leq z_{x i j} < x_{j}$	moderately unfavourable
$z_{x i j} < x_{j} - \frac{1}{2} δ_{j}$	unfavourable

1 z_ij – index size;

1 x_j – arithmetic mean of variable j;

1 δ_j – standard deviation of variable j.

Table 2.

Population changes in localities between 1950 and 2021 based on census data.

Census interval	Localities with significant population growth		Localities with relatively stable population	Localities with significant population decrease
Census interval	>20	20–10	10–(–10)	(–10)–(–20)	>(–20)
In post-state farm localities (%)
1950/2021	66.9	5.2	12.1	5.4	10.4
1950/1988	72.5	7.3	11.8	4.4	4.0
1988/2021	14.3	5.2	34.3	22.7	23.5
Localities in total (%)
1950/2021	25.2	4.7	13.5	9.4	47.2
1950/1988	22.6	7.1	22.2	14.3	33.7
1988/2021	15.2	6.6	26.5	19.5	32.2

Population changes in post-state farm localities between 1950 and 2021 based on census data.
* data aggregated to the 1999 administrative division.

Dynamics of population changes between 1950 and 1988 (A), and 1988 and 2021 (B) in post-state farm localities based on census data.

Table 3.

Changes in the population structure by age and gender between 1960 and 2021 based on 1950–2021 census data.

Specification	Year
Specification	1960	1970	1978	1988	2002	2011	2021
old-age index*
post-state farm localities	18.9	29.9	35.9	40.9	50.1	70.7	116.0
total localities	27.1	45.3	52.1	54.1	65.0	90.4	121.1
feminisation coefficient**
post-state farm localities	107.1	102.5	101.2	100.3	100.9	100.4	100.3
total localities	109.2	105.9	105.3	105.1	106.5	106.6	106.7

1* population aged 65+ divided by the population aged 0–14.

1** number of women per 100 men.

‘Path dependency’ in shaping the structure by gender and age in post-state farm localities by population change between 1950 and 2021.

References

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Articles in this issue

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/quageo-2025-0016 | Journal eISSN: 2081-6383 | Journal ISSN: 2082-2103 (formerly 0137-477X)

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Language: English

Page range: 59 - 76

Submitted on: Jul 28, 2024

Accepted on: Mar 24, 2025

Published on: Jul 2, 2025

Published by: Adam Mickiewicz University

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Keywords:

post-state farm localities,

demographic changes,

system transformation,

path dependence concept,

Poland

Related subjects:

Geosciences,

Geography

© 2025 MARTA EWA GWIAŹDZIŃSKA-GORAJ, MONIKA WESOŁOWSKA, ALEKSANDRA JEZIERSKA-THÖLE, published by Adam Mickiewicz University
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Volume 44 (2025): Issue 2 (June 2025)

Demographic Changes in Post-State Farm Localities in Poland

Figures & Tables

Fig. 1.

Fig. 2.

Fig. 3.

Table 1.

Table 2.

Fig. 4.

Fig. 5.

Table 3.

Fig. 6.

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