Table 1
Parameters of ultradian and circadian rhythms of sodium nitroprusside-induced motor incoordination in 2 week old mice
| Dose (mg/kg) | Gender | Period τ (h) | Mesor ± SEM (% of ataxia) | Amplitude ± SD (% of ataxia) | Acrophase ±SD (min)b | Adjusted P a |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male | 12 | 50 ± 4 | 17 ± 15 | 1.2 ± 120 | NS | |
| 3.0 | 24 | 51 ± 4 | 10 | 9.7 | NS | |
| Female | 12 | 34 ± 5 | 19 ± 18 | 2.1 ± 120 | NS | |
| 24 | 35 ± 5 | 2 | 21.2 | NS | ||
| 12 | 49 ± 5 | 26 ± 17 | 1.9 ± 74 | NS | ||
| 3.3 | Male | 24 | 50 ± 5 | 16 | 4.8 | NS |
| 12 | 45 ± 4 | 15 ± 14 | 2.3 ± 120 | NS | ||
| Female | 24 | 45 ± 4 | 6 | 1.3 | NS | |
| 12 | 45 ± 4 | 16 ± 14 | 2.3 ± 144 | NS | ||
| 3.6 | 24 | 55 ± 4 | 16 ± 14 | 2.3 ± 240 | NS | |
| Male | 12 | 37 ± 5 | 19 ± 18 | 1.9 ± 120 | NS | |
| Female | 24 | 38 ± 5 | 2 | 12.5 | NS |
a From an F test of the rejection of the null amplitude hypothesis.
b Time of maximum in fitted cosine function, in HALO.
NS: Not significant
Table 2
Parameters of ultradian and circadian rhythms of sodium nitroprusside-induced motor incoordination in 4 week old mice
| Dose (mg/kg) | Gender | Period τ (h) | Mesor ± SEM (% of ataxia) | Amplitude ± SD (% of ataxia) | Acrophase ±SD (min)b | Adjusted P a |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male | 12 | 30 ± 4 | 15 ± 14 | 1.1 ± 120 | NS | |
| 3.0 | 24 | 28 ± 4 | 2 | 5.4 | NS | |
| Female | 12 | 33 ± 4 | 15 ± 14 | 1.2 ± 120 | NS | |
| 24 | 33 ± 4 | 12 | 3.2 | NS | ||
| 12 | 49 ± 5 | 26 ± 17 | 1.9 ± 74 | NS | ||
| 3.3 | Male | 24 | 40 ± 4 | 10 | 8.8 | NS |
| 12 | 31 ± 5 | 17 ± 16 | 1.4 ± 120 | NS | ||
| Female | 24 | 32 ± 5 | 2 | 1.5 | NS | |
| 12 | 65 ± 4 | 18 ± 13 | 1.2 ± 90 | NS | ||
| 3.6 | 24 | 64 ± 4 | 16 ± 13 | 4.5 ± 228 | NS | |
| Male | 12 | 36 ± 5 | 16 ± 15 | 2.0 ± 120 | NS | |
| Female | 24 | 34 ± 3 | 4 | 5.0 | NS |
a From an F test of the rejection of the null amplitude hypothesis.
b Time of maximum in fitted cosine function, in HALO.
NS: Not significant
Figure 1
Variations of ataxia according to the dosing time of sodium nitroprusside in two-week old male and female mice. The three panels refer to three doses: 3 (a), 3.3 (b) and 3.6 mg.kg-1 (c). Values are the mean ± SEM of four independent experiments. The black bar corresponds to the dark period. Maximums of motor incoordination correspond, irrespective to the gender and dose, to drug dosing at 1 and 13 HALO. χ2 test validated a statistically significant difference according to dosing-time in both genders (P < 0.006). No statistically significant rhythm was detected by Cosinor analysis with correction for multiple testing.
Figure 2
Variations of ataxia according to the dosing time of sodium nitroprusside in four-week old male and female mice. The three panels refer to three doses: 3 (a), 3.3 (b) and 3.6 mg.kg-1 (c). Values are the mean ± SEM of four independent experiments. The black bar corresponds to the dark period. Maximums of motor incoordination correspond, irrespective to the gender and dose, to drug dosing at 1 and 13 HALO. χ2 test validated a statistically significant difference according to dosing-time in both genders (P < 0.0004). No statistically significant rhythm was detected by Cosinor analysis with correction for multiple testing.
Figure 3
Variations of ataxia according to the dosing time of sodium nitroprusside in eight-week old male and female mice. The three panels refer to three doses: 3 (a), 3.3 (b) and 3.6 mg.kg-1 (c). Values are the mean ± SEM of four independent experiments. The black bar corresponds to the dark period. Maximum and minimum of motor incoordination correspond, irrespective to the gender and dose, to drug dosing at 1 and 13 HALO, respectively. A dosing time-related effect was statistically validated by χ2 test (P < 0.00005) in both genders. Circadian (τ = 24 h) rhythms were confirmed by Cosinor analysis with correction for multiple testing only in mice treated with 3.6 mg.kg-1 (P < 0.05).
Table 3
Parameters of circadian rhythms of sodium nitroprusside-induced motor incoordination in 8 week old mice
| Dose (mg/kg) | Gender | Period τ (h) | Mesor ± SEM (% of ataxia) | Amplitude ± SD (% of ataxia) | Acrophase ± SD (min)b | Adjusted P a |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male | 12 | 35 ± 4 | 8 | 0.42 | NS | |
| 3.0 | 24 | 34 ± 4 | 18 ± 14 | 3.2 ± 108 | NS | |
| Female | 12 | 27 ± 4 | 8 | 2.8 | NS | |
| 24 | 27 ± 4 | 14 ± 13 | 2.7 ± 78 | NS | ||
| 12 | 27 ± 4 | 8 | 2.7 | NS | ||
| 3.3 | Male | 24 | 26 ± 4 | 14 ± 12 | 2.0 ± 60 | NS |
| 12 | 19 ± 3 | 3 | 4.5 | NS | ||
| Female | 24 | 20 ± 3 | 11 ± 10 | 1.3 ± 90 | NS | |
| 12 | 41 ± 4 | 6 | 3.1 | NS | ||
| 3.6 | 24 | 40 ± 4 | 23 ± 13 | 3.4 ± 120 | 0.003 | |
| Male | 12 | 19 ± 3 | 8 | 1.9 | NS | |
| Female | 24 | 19 ± 3 | 20 ± 10 | 2.1 ± 55 | 0.003 |
a From an F test of the rejection of the null amplitude hypothesis.
b Time of maximum in fitted cosine function, in HALO.
NS: Not significant