Development of daily rhythmicity in heart rate and locomotor activity in the human fetus

Time of day (h)	Mother (bpm)	Fetus (bpm)
7 – 8	66.5 ± 1.3 *	133 ± 1.9 **
8 – 9	68 ± 1.2 *	133 ± 2.1 **
9 – 10	68.5 ± 1.3 **	132 ± 2.0 **
10 – 11	72 ± 1.4 **	136 ± 2.1 **
11 – 12	76 ± 1.4 **	135 ± 2.3 **
12 – 13	79 ± 1.3 *	136 ± 2.3 **
13 – 14	79 ± 1.2 *	134 ± 1.9 *
14 – 15	75 ± 1.2 *	136 ± 2.1 **
15 – 16	76 ± 1.1 *	133 ± 2.3 *
16 – 17	76 ± 1.1 *	132 ± 1.8 **
17 – 18	76.5 ± 1.2 *	133 ± 2.2 **
18 – 19	79 ± 1.0 *	135 ± 1.8 **
19 – 20	71 ± 1.1 *	131 ± 1.8 *
20 – 21	72 ± 1.1 **	133 ± 2.0 *
21 – 22	69 ± 1.2 *	135 ± 1.9 **
22 – 23	70 ± 1.1 *	134 ± 1.8 **
23 – 24	65 ± 1.0 *	136.5 ± 2.0 **
24 – 1	64 ± 1.2 *	138.5 ± 1.9 *
1 – 2	65 ± 1.1 *	138.5 ± 2.2 *
2 – 3	61 ± 1.2 *	133.5 ± 1.9 **
3 – 4	64 ± 1.1 *	136 ± 1.8 **
4 – 5	62 ± 1.1 *	132 ± 1.9 **
5 – 6	66.5 ± 1.1 *	133 ± 2.1 **
6 – 7	68 ± 1.0 *	134 ± 2.2 **

* p < 0.001 (compared to heart rate at 7 am).

** p > 0.05.

Hourly layout for 24-hour period frequencies of maternal and fetal heart rate rhythms (36 – 40 weeks gestation)

Table 2

ECG and locomotor activity of the fetus in "quiet" hours (4 a.m. to 9 a.m., 2 p.m. to 7 p.m.) (36 – 40 weeks gestation)

Time (h)	Type	Duration					Time (h)	Duration
		Oscillation type		Fetal movements		Recording		Oscillation type		Fetal movements		Recording
		Min.	Sec.	Min.	Sec.	Min.		Min.	Sec.	Min.	Sec.	Min.
4–5	I	-	20 ± 0.2	-	-	54 ± 0.3	14–15	-	10 ± 0.2	-	-	40 ± 0.4
	II	16 ± 0.3	-	-	50 ± 0			3 ± 0.4	-	-	50 ± 0.1
	III	20 ± 0.2	-	-	-			30 ± 0.4	-	-	-
	IV	18 ± 0.2	-	-	-			7 ± 0.1	-	-	-
5–6	I	-	-	1 ± 0.1	-	46 ± 0.2	15–16	1 ± 0.2	-	-	-	54 ± 0.3
	II	7 ± 0.4	-	-	-			7 ± 0.2	-	2 ± 0.1	-
	III	30 ± 0.3	-	-	-			24 ± 0.1	-	-	-
	IV	9 ± 0.3	-	-	-			21 ± 0.2	-	-	-
6–7	I	-	30 ± 0.2	-	-	59 ± 0.2	16–17	-	20 ± 0.3	-	-	45 ± 0.1
	II	18 ± 0.1	-	1	30 ± 0.3			12 ± 0.1	-	1 ± 0.3	-
	III	26 ± 0.1	-	-	-			21 ± 0.1	-	-	-
	IV	15 ± 0.2		-	-			11 ± 0.1	-	-	-
7–8	I	-	50 ± 0.1	-	-	50 ± 0.5	17–18	-	20 ± 0.1	-	-	45 ± 0.3
	II	12 ± 0.4	-	-	-			8 ± 0.2	-	1	50 ± 0.1
	III	22 ± 0.4	-	1	5 ± 0.1			20 ± 0.1	-	-	-
	IV	15 ± 0.3	-	-	-			16 ± 0.1	-	-	-
8–9	I	-	20 ± 0.1	-	-	40 ± 0.2	18–19	-	10 ± 0.1	-	-	42 ± 0.1
	II	-	-	-	50 ± 0.1			4 ± 0.3	-	-	40 ± 0.2
	III	28 ± 0.3	-	-	-			25 ± 0.2	-	-	-
	IV	12 ± 0.3	-	-	-			12 ± 0.3	-	-	-

Table 3

ECG and locomotor activity of the fetus in "active" hours (9 a.m. to 2 p.m.) (36 – 40 weeks gestation)

Time (h)	Type	Duration					Time (h)	Duration
		Oscillation type		Fetal movements		Recording		Oscillation type		Fetal movements		Recording
		Min	Sec	Min	Sec	Min		Min	Sec	Min	Sec	Min
9–10	I	-	45 ± 0.2	7 ± 0.2	-	48 ± 0.2	12–13	-	10 ± 0.2	8 ± 0.1	-	30 ± 0.3
	II	6 ± 0.2	-	-	-			10 ± 0.1	-	-	50 ± 0.1
	III	7 ± 0.3	-	-	-			2 ± 0.1	-	-	-
	IV	35 ± 0.1	-	-	-			17 ± 0	-	-	-
10–11	I	-	50 ± 0.4	3 ± 0.1	-	24 ± 0.3	13–14	2 ± 0.3	-	4 ± 0.3	-	48 ± 0.1
	II	8 ± 0.1	-	-	-			8 ± 0.1	-	-	-
	III	3 ± 0.1	-	-	-			8 ± 0.2	-	-	-
	IV	12 ± 0.01	50 ± 0.1	-	-			30 ± 0.1	-	-	-
11–12	I	-	30 ± 0.2	4	50 ± 0.1	38 ± 0.2	Total from 9–14	6–42 ± 0.16	45 ± 0.26	26	50 ± 0.16	188 ± 0.22
	II	10 ± 0.3	-	-	-			25 ± 0.24
	III	5 ± 0.3	-	-	-			116
	IV	22 ± 0.2		-	-				50 ± 0.12

Table 4

EEG and locomotor activity of the fetus in "active" hours (from 7 p.m. to 4 a.m.) (36 – 40 weeks gestation)

Time (h)	Type	Duration					Time (h)	Duration
		Oscillation type		Fetal movements		Recording		Oscillation type		Fetal movements		Recording
		Min	Sec.	Min	Sec.	Min		Min	Sec.	Min	Sec.	Min
19–20	I	3 ± 0.1	-	4	50 ± 0	54 ± 0.1	24–1	2 ± 0.2	-	4 ± 0.1	-	53 ± 0.2
	II	15 ± 0.2	-	-	-			14 ± 0.1	-	-	-
	III	4 ± 0.1	-	-	-			4 ± 0.4	-	-	-
	IV	32 ± 0.2	-	-	-			33 ± 0.4	-	-	-
20–21	I	-	10 ± 0.2	4 ± 0.2	-	30 ± 0.2	1 – 2	1 ± 0.1	-	6 ± 0.3	-	34 ± 0.4
	II	10 ± 0.1	-	-	-			11 ± 0.2	-	-	-
	III	5 ± 0.1	-	-	-			7 ± 0.4	-	-	-
	IV	15 ± 0.2	-	-	-			15 ± 0.2	-	-	-
21–22	I	-	-	3 ± 0.1	-	39 ± 0.3	2 – 3	1 ± 0.2	-	4 ± 0.2	-	53 ± 0.1
	II	12 ± 0.4	-	-	-			18 ± 0.1	-	-	-
	III	22 ± 0.4	-	-	-			7 ± 0.1	-	-	-
	IV	15 ± 0.3	-	-	-			27 ± 0.2	-	-	-
22–23	I	I	40 ± 0.2	16 ± 0.2	-	26 ± 0.3	3 – 4	-	30 ± 0.3	3	30 ± 0.2	31 ± 0.2
	II	7 ± 0.1	-	-	-			9 ± 0.1	-	-	-
	III	-	-	-	-			7 ± 0.1	-	-	-
	IV	18 ± 0.3	-	-	-			15 ± 0.3	-	-	-
23–24	I	1 ± 0.3	-	3 ± 0.2	-	58 ± 0.1	Total from 19-4	12	20 ± 0.21	43	20 ± 0.16	388 ± 0.21
	II	23 ± 0.3	-	-	-			123 ± 0.15	-
	III	5 ± 0.2	-	-	-			44 ± 0.17	-
	IV	29 ± 0.4	-	-	-			200 ± 0.26	-

ECG of the fetus in "quiet" hours (4 a.m. to 9 a.m.) 36–40 weeks gestation

ECG of the fetus in "quiet" hours (2 p.m. to 7 p.m.) 36 – 40 weeks gestation

ECG activity of the fetus in "active" hours (9 a.m. to 2 p.m.) 36 – 40 weeks gestation.

ECG activity of the fetus in "active" hours (from 7 p.m. to 4 a.m.) 36–40 weeks gestation

Fetal cardiotachogram for "active" period

Fetal cardiotachogram for "quiet" period

Fetal locomotor activity in "quiet" and "active" hours (36 – 40 weeks gestation)

Correlation of quiet and active periods for mother

Response of the fetus to functional load in "active" hours ("acceleration" type)

Response of the fetus to functional load in "quiet" hours ("zero" type)

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1740-3391-3-5 | Journal eISSN: 1740-3391

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Language: English

Published on: Mar 25, 2005

Published by: Ubiquity Press

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 1 issue per year

© 2005 Paliko I Kintraia, Medea G Zarnadze, Nicolas P Kintraia, Ia G Kashakashvili, published by Ubiquity Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Volume 3 (2005): Issue 0

Development of daily rhythmicity in heart rate and locomotor activity in the human fetus

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