Sea ice contribution to the air–sea CO2 exchange in the Arctic and Southern Oceans

Søren Rysgaard; Jørgen Bendtsen; Bruno Delille; Gerhard S. Dieckmann; Ronnie N. Glud; Hilary Kennedy; John Mortensen; Stathys Papadimitriou; David N. Thomas; Jean-Louis Tison

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0889.2011.00571.x

Sea ice contribution to the air–sea CO2 exchange in the Arctic and Southern Oceans

Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology

Volume 63 (2011): Issue 5

By: Søren Rysgaard, Jørgen Bendtsen, Bruno Delille, Gerhard S. Dieckmann, Ronnie N. Glud, Hilary Kennedy, John Mortensen, Stathys Papadimitriou, David N. Thomas and Jean-Louis Tison

Open Access

|Jan 2011

Anderson , L. G. , Falck , E. , Jones , E. P. , Jutterström , S. and Swift J. H . 2004 . Enhanced uptake of atmospheric CO2 during freezing of seawater: a field study in Storfjorden, Svalbard . J. Geophys. Res . 109 , C06004 , doi: 10.1029/2003JC002120 .
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Arrigo , K. R. , Pabi , S. , van Dijken , G. and Maslowslci , W . 2010 . Air-sea flux of CO2 in the Arctic Ocean, 1998-2003 . J. Geophys. Res . 115 , G04024 , doi: 10.1029/2009JG001224 .
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Arrigo , K. R. , van Dijken , G. and Pabi , S . 2008 . Impact of a shrinking Arctic ice cover on marine primary production . Geophys. Res. Lett . , 35 , L19603 , doi: 10.1029/2008GL035028 .
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Assur , A . 1960 . Composition of sea ice and its tensile strength . SIPRE Research Report 44 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Bates , N. R. and Mathis , J. T . 2009 . The Arctic Ocean marine carbon cycle: evaluation of the air-sea CO2 exchanges, ocean acidification impacts and potential feedbacks . Biogeosciences 6 , 2433 – 2459 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Bouttes , N. , Paillard , D. and Roche , D. M . 2010 . Impact of brine-induced stratification on the glacial carbon cycle . Clim. Past 6 , 575 – 589 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Bönisch , G. and Schlosser , P . 1995 . Deep water formation and exchange rates in the Greenland/Norwegian seas and the Eurasian Basin of the Arctic Ocean derived from tracer balances . Prog. Oceanogr 35 , 29 – 52 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Cai , W.-J. , Chen , L. , Chen , B. , Gao , Z. , Lee , S. H. and co-authors . 2010 . Decrease in the CO2 uptake capacity in an ice-free Arctic Ocean basin. Science 329 , 556 - 559 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Comisio , J. C . 2010 . Variability and trends of the global sea ice cover. In: Sea Ice . 2nd Edition. (eds Thomas, D. N. and Diecicmann, G. S. ). Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, UK, 205 - 246 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Comisio , J. C. and Nishio , F . 2008 . Trends in the sea ice cover us-ing enhanced and compatible AMSR-E, SSM/I, and SMMR data. J. Geophys. Res . 113 , CO2507 , doi: 10.1029/2007JC004257 .
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Cox , G. F. N. and Weeks , W. F . 1983 . Equations for determining the gas and brine volumes in sea-ice samples . J. Glaciol . , 29 , 306 – 316 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Delille , B. , Jourdain , B. , Borges , A. V. , Tison , J.-P. and Delille , D. 2007 . Biogas (CO2. 02, dimethylsulfide) dynamics in spring Antarctic fast ice . Limnol. Oceanogr 52 , 1367 - 1379 , doi: 10.4319/10.2007.52.4.1367 .
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Dieckmann , G. S. , Nehrke , G. , Papadimitriou , S. , Göttlicher , J. , Steininger , R. and co-authors . 2008 . Calcium carbonate as ilcaite crystals in Antarctic sea ice. Geophys. Res. Lett . 35 , L08501 , doi: 10.1029/2008GL033540 .
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Dieckmann , G. S. , Nehrke , G. , Uhlig , C. , Göttlicher , J. , Gerland , S. and co-authors . 2010 . Brief communication: ilcaite (CaCO3 * 6H20) discovered in Arctic sea ice. Ciyosphere Discuss . 4 , 153 - 161 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Eicken , H . 1992 . Salinity profiles of Antarctic sea ice: Field data and model results. J. Geophys. Res . 97 ( C10 ), 15 545-15 557, doi: 10.1029/92JC01588 .
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Fransson , A. , Chierici , M. and Nojiri , Y . 2009 . New insights into the spatial variability of the surface water carbon dioxide in varying sea ice concentrations in the Arctic Ocean . Continental Shelf Res . 29 , 1317 – 1328 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Gibson , J. A. E. and Trull , T. W . 1999 . Annual cycle of CO2 under sea-ice and in open water in Prydz Bay, East Antarctica. Mar Chem . 66 , 187 - 200 . American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Gleitz , M. v. d. Loeff , M. R. , Thomas , D. N. , Dieckmann , G. S. and Millero , F. J. 1995. Comparison of summer and winter inorganic carbon, oxygen and nutrient concentrations in Antarctic sea ice brine. Mar Chem . 51 , 81 - 91 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Glud , R. N. , Rysgaard , S. and Kiihl , M . 2002 . A laboratory study on 02 dynamics and photosynthesis in ice algal communities: quantifi-cation by microsensors, 02 exchange rates, 14C incubations and PAM fluorometer . Aquat. Microb. Ecol . 27 , 301 – 311 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Golden , K. M. , Ackley , S. F. and Lytle , V . 1. 1998 . The percolation phase transition in sea ice . Science 282 , 2238 – 2241 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Golden , K. M. , Eicken , H. , Heaton , A. L. , Miner , J. , Pringle , D. J. , and co-authors . 2007 . Thermal evolution of permeability and microstructure in sea ice . Geophys. Res. Lett . 34 , L16501 , doi: 10.1029/2007GL030447 .
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Homer , R. and Schrader , G. C . 1982 . Relative contributions of ice al-gae, phytoplankton and benthic microalgae to primary production in nearshore regions of the Beaufort Sea . Arctic , 35 , 485 – 503 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Jones , E. P. , Coote , A. R. and Levy , E. M . 1983 . Effect of sea ice meltwater on the alkalinity of seawater . J. Mar. Res . 41 , 43 – 52 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Jones , E. M. , Bakker , D. C. E. , Venables , H. J. , Whitehouse , M. J. , Korb , R. E. , and co-authors . 2010 . Rapid changes in surface water carbonate chemistry during Antarctic sea ice melt. Tellus B . 62B , 621 - 635 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Jones , E. P. and Coote , A. R . 1981 . Oceanic CO2 produced by the precipitation of CaCO3 from brines in sea ice . J. Geophys. Res . 86 , 11 041-11 043 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Jutterström , S. and Anderson , L. G . 2010 . Uptake of CO2 by the Arctic Ocean in a changing climate . Mar Chem . 122 , 96 – 104 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Kelley , J . 1967 . Carbon dioxide in seawater under the arctic ice . Nature 218 , 862 – 864 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Killawee , J. A. , Fairchild , I. J. , Tison , J.-L. , Janssens , L. and Lorrain , R . 1998 . Segregation of solutes and gasses in experimental freezing of dilute solutions: implications for natural glacial systems . Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 62 , 3637 – 3655 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Kwok , R. , Cunningham , G. F. , Wensnahan , M. , Rigor , I. , Zwally , H. J. , and co-authors . 2009 . Thinning and volume loss of the Arc-tic Ocean sea ice cover: 2003-2008. J. Geophys. Res . 114 , C07005 , doi: 10.1029/2009JC005312 .
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Loose , B. , Schlosser , P. , Perovich , D. , Ringelberg , D. , Ho , D. T. and co-authors . 2011 . Gas diffusion through columnar laboratory sea ice: implications for mixed-layer ventilation of CO2 in the seasonal ice zone. Tellus 63B , 23 - 39 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Martinson , D. G. and Steele , M . 2001 . Future of the Arctic sea ice cover: implications of an Antarctic analog . Geophys. Res. Lettt . 28 ( 2 ), 307 – 310 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
McLaren , A. J. , Banks , H. T. , Durman , C. F. , Gregory , J. M. , Johns , T. C. and co-authors . 2006 . Evaluation of the sea ice simulation in a new coupled atmospheric-ocean climate model (HadGEM1). J. Geo-phys. Res . 111 , C12014 , doi: 10.1029/2005JC003033 .
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Milckelsen , D. M. , Rysgaard , S. and Glud , R. N . 2008 . Microalgal com-position and primary production in Arctic sea ice: a seasonal study from Kobbefjord (Kangerluarsunnguaq), West Greenland . Mar EcoL Prog. Ser 368 , 65 – 74 , doi: 10.3354/meps07627 .
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Mucci , A. , Lansard , B. , Miller , L. A. and Papalcyriakou , T. N . 2010 . CO2 fluxes across the air-sea interface in the southeast-ern Beufort Sea: ice-free period . J. Geophys. Res . 115 , C04003 , doi: 10.1029/2009JC005330 .
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Nedashkovsky , A. P. , Khvedynich , S. V. and Petovsky , T. V . 2009 . Alka-linity of sea ice in the high-latitudinal arctic according to the surveys performed at north pole drifting station 34 and characterization of the role of the arctic in the CO2 exchange . Mar Chem . 49 , 55 – 63 , doi: 10.1134/s000143700901007x .
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Nomura , D. , Yoshikawa-Inoue , H. and Toyota , T . 2006 . The effect of sea-ice growth on air-sea CO2 flux in a tank experiment . Tellus 58B , 418 – 426 , doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0889.2006.00204.x .
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Notz , D. and Worster , M. G . 2009 . Desalination processes of sea ice revisited . J. Geophys. Res . 114 , C05006 , doi: 10.1029/2008JC004885 .
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Omar , A. , Johannessen , T. , Bellerby , R. G. J. , Olsen , A. , Anderson , L. G. , and co-authors . 2005 . Sea-ice and brine formation in Stor-fjorden: implications for Arctic wintertime air-sea CO2 flux. In: The Nordic Seas: An Integrated Perspective (eds Drange, H. , Dokken, T. , Furevilc, T. , Gerdes, R. and Berger W. ) Geophysical Monograph 158, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, 117 - 187 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Papadimitriou , S. , Kennedy , H. , Kattner , G. , Dieckmann , G. S. and Thomas , D. N . 2003 . Experimental evidence for carbonate precipi-tation and CO2 degassing during sea ice formation . Geochim. Cos-mochim. Acta 68 , 1749 – 1761 , doi: 10.1016/j.gca.2003.07.004 .
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Petrich , C. and Eicken , H . 2010 . Growth, structure and properties of sea ice. In: Sea Ice . 2nd Edition. (ed. Thomas, D. N. and Dieckmann, G. S. ). Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, UK, 23 - 78 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Rudels , B. , Björk , G. , Nilsson , J. , Winsor , R , Lake , I. and co-authors . 2005 . The interaction between waters from the Arctic Ocean and the Nordic Seas north of Fram Strait and along the East Greenland Current: results from the Arctic Ocean-02 Oden expedition. J. Marine Syst . 55 , 1 - 30 , doi: 10.1016/j.jmarsys2004.06.008 .
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Rysgaard , S. , Bendtsen , J. , Pedersen , L. T. , Ramlov , H. and Glud , R. N . 2009 . Increased CO2 uptake due to sea ice growth and decay in the Nordic Seas . J. Geophys. Res . 114 , C09011 , doi: 10.1029/2008JC005088 .
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Rysgaard , S. , Glud , R. N. , Sejr , M. K. , Bendtsen , J. and Christensen , P. B . 2007 . Inorganic carbon transport during sea ice growth and decay: a carbon pump in polar seas . J. Geophys. Res . 112 , C03016 , doi: 10.1029/2006JC003572 .
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Rysgaard , S. , Nielsen , T. G. and Hansen , B. W . 1999 . Seasonal variation in nutrients, pelagic primary production and grazing in a high-Arctic coastal marine ecosystem, Young Sound, Northeast Greenland . Mar EcoL Prog. Ser 179 , 13 – 25 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Rysgaard , S. , Thamdrup , B. , Risgaard-Petersen , N. , Fossing , H. , Berg , P. and co-authors . 1998 . Seasonal carbon and nutrient mineralization in a high-Arctic coastal marine sediment, Young Sound, Northeast Greenland. Mar Ecol. Prog. Ser 175 , 261 - 276 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Sabine , C. L. , Feely , R. A. , Gruber , N. , Key , R. M. , Lee , K. and co-authors . 2004 . The oceanic sink for anthropogenic CO2. Science 305 , 367 - 371 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Sejr , M. K. , Krause-Jensen , D. , Rysgaard , S. , Sorensen , L. L. , Christensen , P. B. , and co-authors . 2011 . Air-sea flux of CO2 in arctic coastal waters influenced by glacier melt water and sea ice. Tellus B , doi: 10.1111/j.1600.0889.2011.00540.x
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Semiletov , I. , Malcshtas , A ., Akasofu , S.-I. and Andreas , E. L. 2004. Atmospheric CO2 balance: the role of Arctic sea ice. Geophys. Res. Lett . 31 , L05121 , doi: 10.1029/2003GL017996 .
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Shcherbina , A. Y. , Talley , L. D. and Rudnick , D. L . 2003 . Direct obser-vations of North Pacific ventilation: Brine rejection in the Okhotsk Sea . Science 302 , 1952 – 1955 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Skogseth , R. , Haugan , P. M. and Haarpaintner , J . 2004 . Ice and brine production in Storfjorden from four winters of satellite and in situ observations and modeling . J. Geophys. Res . , 109 , C10008 , doi: 10.1029/2004JC002384 .
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Takahashi , T. , Sutherland S. C. , Wanninlchof , R. , Sweeney , C. , Feely , R. A. , and co-authors . 2009 . Climatological mean and decadal changes in surface ocean pCO2, and net sea-air CO2 flux over the global oceans. Deep-Sea Res./1 56 , 554 - 577 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Tison , J.-L. , Haas , C. , Gowing , M. M. , Sleewaegen , S. and Bernard , A . 2002 . Tank study of physio-chemical controls on gas content and composition during growth of young sea ice . J. Glaciol . 48 , 177 – 191 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Weeks , W. E and Ackley , S. F . 1986 . The growth, structure and proper-ties of sea ice. In: The Geophysics of Sea Ice (ed. Untersteiner, N. ). Plenum , New York .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Worby , A. P. , Geiger , C. A. , Paget , M. J. , van Woert , M. L. , Ackley , S. E , and co-authors . 2008 . Thickness distribution of Antarctic sea ice. J. Geophys. Res . 113 , C05592 , doi: 10.1029/2007JC004254 .
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Yamamoto-Kawai , M. , McLaughlin , F. A. , Carmack , E. C. , Nishino , S. and Shimada , K . 2009 . Aragonite undersaturation in the Arctic Ocean: effects of ocean acidification and sea ice melt . Science 326 , 1098 – 1100 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Zeebe , R. E. and Wolf-Gladrow , D. A . 2001 . CO2 in Seawater: Equilibrium, Kinetics, Isotopes (Oceanography Series . Volume 65, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 346.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Zhang , J . 2007 . Increasing Antarctic sea ice under warming atmospheric and oceanic conditions . J. Clim . 20 , 2515 – 2529 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article

Authors

Metrics

Articles in this issue

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0889.2011.00571.x | Journal eISSN: 1600-0889

Journal RSS Feed

Language: English

Page range: 823 - 830

Submitted on: Dec 15, 2010

Accepted on: Jun 9, 2011

Published on: Jan 1, 2011

Published by: Stockholm University Press

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

© 2011 Søren Rysgaard, Jørgen Bendtsen, Bruno Delille, Gerhard S. Dieckmann, Ronnie N. Glud, Hilary Kennedy, John Mortensen, Stathys Papadimitriou, David N. Thomas, Jean-Louis Tison, published by Stockholm University Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Volume 63 (2011): Issue 5