Hygroscopic properties of submicrometer atmospheric aerosol particles measured with H-TDMA instruments in various environments—a review

E. Swietlicki; H. -C. Hansson; K. Hämeri; B. Svenningsson; A. Massling; G. McFiggans; P. H. McMurry; T. Petäjä; P. Tunved; M. Gysel; D. Topping; E. Weingartner; U. Baltensperger; J. Rissler; A. Wiedensohler; M. Kulmala

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0889.2008.00350.x

Hygroscopic properties of submicrometer atmospheric aerosol particles measured with H-TDMA instruments in various environments—a review

Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology

Volume 60 (2008): Issue 3

By: E. Swietlicki, H. -C. Hansson, K. Hämeri, B. Svenningsson, A. Massling, G. McFiggans, P. H. McMurry, T. Petäjä, P. Tunved, M. Gysel, D. Topping, E. Weingartner, U. Baltensperger, J. Rissler, A. Wiedensohler and M. Kulmala

Open Access

|Jan 2008

Aklilu , Y. , Mozurkewich , M. , Prenni , A. J. , Kreldenweis , S. M. , Alfarra , M. R. and co-authors . 2006 . Hygroscopicity of particles at two rural, urban influenced sites during Pacific 2001: comparison with estimates of water uptake from particle composition. Atmos. Environ . 40 ,2650-2661.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Aklilu , Y. A. and Mozurkewich , M . 2004 . Determination of external and internal mixing of organic and inorganic aerosol components from hygroscopic properties of submicrometer particles during a field study in the Lower Fraser Valley. Aerosol. Sci. Tech . 38 , 140 – 154 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Andreae , M.O. , Charlson , R.J. , Bruynseels , E , Storms , H. , Vangrieken , R . and co-authors. 1986. Internal mixture of sea salt, silicates, and excess sulfate in marine aerosols. Science 232 , 1620– 1623 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Baltensperger , U. , Streit , N. , Weingartner , E. , Nyeki , S. , Prevot , A. S. H. and co-authors . 2002 a. Urban and rural aerosol char-acterization of summer smog events during the PIPAPO field campaign in Milan, Italy. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos . 107 , 8193, doi: 8110.1029/2001JDO01292.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Berg , O. H. , Swietlicki , E. , Frank , G. , Martinsson , B.G. , Cederfelt , S.I. and co-authors. 1998a. Comparison of observed and modeled hygroscopic behaviour of atmospheric particles. Contr. Atmos. Phys . 71 ,47-64.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Berg , O. H. , Swietlicki , E . and Krejci , R . 1998b. Hygroscopic growth of aerosol particles in the marine boundary layer over the Pacific and Southern Oceans during the First Aerosol Characterization Experi-ment (ACE 1). J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos . 103 , 16535 - 16545 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Biskos , G. , Malinowski , A. , Russell , L. M. , Buseck , P. R. and Martin , S. T . 2006 . Nanosize effect on the deliquescence and the efflorescence of sodium chloride particles. Aerosol. Sci. Tech . 40 , 97 – 106 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Brechtel , E.J. and Kreidenweis , S.M. 2000a. Predicting particle crit-ical supersaturation from hygroscopic growth measurements in the humidified TDMA. Part II: laboratory and ambient studies. J. Atmos. Sci . 57 , 1872– 1887 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Brechtel , E.J. and Kreidenweis , S.M. 2000b. Predicting particle critical supersaturation from hygroscopic growth measurements in the humid-ified TDMA. Part I: theory and sensitivity studies. J. Atmos. Sci . 57 , 1854– 1871 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Busch , B. , Kandler , K. , Schutz , L . and Neususs , C . 2002. Hygroscopic properties and water-soluble volume fraction of atmospheric particles in the diameter range from 50 nm to 3.8 itm during LACE 98. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos . 107 , 8119, doi: 8110.1029/2000JD000228.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Buzorius , G. , McNaughton , C. S. , Clarke , A. D. , Covert , D. S. , Blomquist , B. and co-authors . 2004 . Secondary aerosol formation in continental outflow conditions during ACE-Asia. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos . 109 , D24203, doi: 10.21029/22004JDO04749.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Carrico , C. M. , Kreidenweis , S. M. , Malm , W. C. , Day , D. E. , Lee , T. and co-authors . 2005 . Hygroscopic growth behaviour of a carbon-dominated aerosol in Yosemite National Park. Atmos. Environ . 39 , 1393 - 1404 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Cavalli , E , Facchini , M. C. , Decesari , S. , Emblico , L. , Mircea , M. and co-authors . 2006 . Size-segregated aerosol chemical composition at a boreal site in southern Finland, during the QUEST project. Atmos. Chem. Phys . 6 , 993 - 1002 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Chan , M. N. and Chan , C. K . 2003 . Hygroscopic properties of two model humic-like substances and their mixtures with inorganics of atmo-spheric importance. Environ. Sci. Technol . 37, 5109 – 5115 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Chan , M. N. and Chan , C. K . 2005 . Mass transfer effects in hygroscopic measurements of aerosol particles. Atmos. Chem. Phys . 5, 2703 – 2712 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Chen , L. Y. , Jeng , FT. , Chen , C.C. and Hsiao , T.C. 2003. Hygroscopic behaviour of atmospheric aerosol in Taipei. Atmos. Environ . 37 ,2069-2075.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Choi , M. Y. and Chan , C. K . 2002a . Continuous measurements of the wa-ter activities of aqueous droplets of water-soluble organic compounds. J. Phys. Chem. A 106, 4566 – 4572 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Choi , M. Y. and Chan , C. K . 2002b . The effects of organic species on the hygroscopic behaviours of inorganic aerosols. Environ. Sci. Technol . 36 , 2422 – 2428 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Chuang , P. Y . 2003 . Measurement of the timescale of hygroscopic growth for atmospheric aerosols. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos . 108, 4282 , doi: 4210.1029/2002JDO02757.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Chylek , P. and Wong, J. G. D. 1998. Erroneous use of the modified Kohler equation in cloud and aerosol physics applications. J. Atmos. Sci . 55 , 1473 - 1477 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Clegg , S. L. and Simonson , J. M. 2001. A BET model of the thermody-namics of aqueous multicomponent solutions at extreme concentra-tion./. Chem. Thermodyn . 33 , 1457 - 1472 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Clegg , S.L. , Seinfeld , J. H. and Edney , E.O. 2003. Thermodynamic modelling of aqueous aerosols containing electrolytes and dissolved organic compounds. II: an extended Zdanovskii-Stokes-Robinson ap-proach. J. Aerosol. Sci . 34 , 667 - 690 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Cocker , D.R. , Whitlock , N.E. , Flagan , R.C. and Seinfeld , J. H. 2001. Hygroscopic properties of Pasadena, California aerosol. Aerosol. Sci. Tech . 35 , 637 - 647 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Cohen , M. D. , Flagan , R. C. and Seinfeld , J. H. 1987a. Studies of con-centrated electrolyte solutions using the electrodynamic balance. 2: water activities for mixed-electrolyte solutions. J. Phys. Chem . 91 , 4575 - 4582 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Cohen , M. D. , Flagan , R. C. and Seinfeld , J. H. 1987b. Studies of con-centrated electrolyte-solutions using the electrodynamic balance. 2: water activities for mixed-electrolyte solutions. J. Phys. Chem.-Us . 91 ,4575-4582.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Cohen , M. D. , Flagan , R. C. and Seinfeld , J. H. 1987c. Studies of con-centrated electrolyte-solutions using the electrodynamic balance. 1: water activities for single-electrolyte solutions. J. Phys. Chem.-Us . 91 ,4563-4574.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Cruz , C. N. and Pandis , S. N . 2000 . Deliquescence and hygroscopic growth of mixed inorganic-organic atmospheric aerosol. Environ. Sci. Technol . 34, 4313 – 4319 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Cubison , M.J. , Coe , H . and Gysel , M . 2005. A modified hygroscopic tandem DMA and a data retrieval method based on optimal estimation. J. Aerosol. Sci . 36 , 846 - 865 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Cubison , M. J. , Alfarra , M. R. , Allan , J. , Bower , K. N. , Coe , H . and co-authors. 2006. The characterisation of pollution aerosol in a changing photochemical environment. Atmos. Chem. Phys . 6 , 5573 - 5588 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Dick , W. D. , Saxena , P. and McMurry , P. H . 2000 . Estimation of wa-ter uptake by organic compounds in submicron aerosols measured during the Southeastern Aerosol and Visibility Study. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos . 105 , 1471 – 1479 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Dusek , U. , Covert , D. S. , Wiedensohler , A. , Neususs , C. , Weise , D. and co-authors . 2003 . Cloud condensation nuclei spectra derived from size distributions and hygroscopic properties of the aerosol in coastal south-west Portugal during ACE-2. Tellus 55B , 35 - 53 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Ehn , M. , Petaja , T. , Aufmhoff , H. , Aalto , P. , Hameri , K. and co-authors . 2007 . Hygroscopic properties of ultrafine aerosol particles in the bo-real forest: diurnal variation, solubility and the influence of sulphuric acid. Atmos. Chem. Phys . 7 ,211-222.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Facchini , M. C. , Mircea , M. , Fuzzi , S. and Charlson , R . J. 1999. Cloud albedo enhancement by surface-active organic solutes in growing droplets. Nature 401 , 257 - 259 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Ferron , G. A. , Karg , E. , Busch , B. and Heyder , J. 2005. Ambient particles at an urban, semi-urban and rural site in Central Europe: hygroscopic properties. Atmos. Environ . 39 , 343 - 352 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Finlayson-Pitts , B . J. and Hemminger, J. C. 2000. Physical chemistry of airborne sea salt particles and their components. J. Phys. Chem. A 49 , 11463 - 11477 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Gasparini , R. , Li , R. J. , Collins , D. R. , Ferrare , R. A. and Brackett , V. G. 2006. Application of aerosol hygroscopicity measured at the Atmo-spheric Radiation Measurement Program's Southern Great Plains site to examine composition and evolution. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos . 111 , DOSS12, doi: 10.1029/2004JD005448.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Ghosal , S. and Hemminger , J. C . 1999 . Effect of water on the HNO3 pressure dependence of the reaction between gas-phase HNO3 and NaC1 surfaces./. Phys. Chem. A 103, 4777 – 4781 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Grose , M. , Sakurai , H. , Savstrom , J. , Stolzenburg , M. R. , Watts , W. E and co-authors. 2006. Chemical and physical properties of ultrafine diesel exhaust particles sampled downstream of a catalytic trap. Environ. Sci. Technol . 40 , 5502 - 5507 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Gysel , M. , Weingartner , E. and Baltensperger , U . 2002 . Hygroscopicity of aerosol particles at low temperatures. 2: theoretical and experimen-tal hygroscopic properties of laboratory generated aerosols. Environ. Sci. Technol . 36 , 63 – 68 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Gysel , M. , Weingartner , E. , Nyeki , S. , Paulsen , D. , Baltensperger , U . and co-authors. 2004. Hygroscopic properties of water-soluble matter and humic-like organics in atmospheric fine aerosol. Atmos. Chem. Phys . 4 , 35 - 50 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Gysel , M. , Crosier , J. , Topping , D.O. , Whitehead , J. D. , Bower , K. N. and co-authors. 2007. Closure study between chemical composition and hygroscopic growth of aerosol particles during TORCH2. Atmos. Chem. Phys . 7 , 6131 - 6144 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Hameri , K. , Vakeva , M. , Hansson , H. C. and Laaksonen , A . 2000 . Hy-groscopic growth of ultrafine ammonium sulphate aerosol measured using an ultrafine tandem differential mobility analyzer./. Geophys. Res.-Atmos . 105 , 22231 – 22242 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Hameri , K. , Laaksonen , A. , Vakeva , M. and Suni , T . 2001a . Hygroscopic growth of ultrafine sodium chloride particles. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos . 106 , 20749 – 20757 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Hameri , K. , Vakeva , M. , Aalto , P. P. , Kulmala , M. , Swietlicki , E . and co-authors. 2001b. Hygroscopic and CCN properties of aerosol particles in boreal forests. Tellus 53B , 359 - 379 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Hameri , K. , Charlson , R. and Hansson , H. C . 2002 . Hygroscopic proper-ties of mixed ammonium sulfate and carboxylic acids particles. Aiche. J . 48 , 1309 – 1316 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Hansson , H. C. , Rood , M. J. , Koloutsou-Vakakis , S. , Hameri , K. , Orsini , D . and co-authors. 1998. NaC1 aerosol particle hygroscopicity de-pendence on mixing with organic compounds. J. Atmos. Chem . 31 , 321 - 346 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Hartz , K. E. H. , Rosenom , T. , Ferchak , S. R. , Raymond , T. M. , Bilde , M . and co-authors. 2005. Cloud condensation nuclei activation of monoterpene and sesquiterpene secondary organic aerosol. J. Geo-phys. Res.-Atmos . 110 , D14208, doi: 14210.11029/12004JD005754. Hennig , T. , Massling , A. , Brechtel , E J. and Wiedensohler , A . 2005. A tandem DMA for highly temperature-stabilized hygroscopic particle growth measurements between 90% and 98% relative humidity. .1. Aerosol. Sci. 36 , 1210 - 1223 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Jacobson , M. Z . 1999 . Fundamentals of Atmospheric Modelling . Cam-bridge University Press , Cambridge , United Kingdom .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Johnson , G. , Ristovski , Z. and Morawska , L . 2004a . Application of the VH-TDMA technique to coastal ambient aerosols. Geophys. Res. Lett . 31 , L16105 , doi: 16110.11029/12004GL020126.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Johnson , G. R. , Ristovski , Z . and Morawska , L . 2004b. Method for measuring the hygroscopic behaviour of lower volatility fractions in an internally mixed aerosol. J. Aerosol. Sci . 35 , 443 - 455 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Johnson , G. R. , Ristovski , Z. D. , D'Anna , B. and Morawska , L . 2005. Hygroscopic behaviour of partially volatilized coastal marine aerosols using the volatilization and humidification tandem differential mo-bility analyzer technique. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos . 110 , D20203, doi: 20210.21029/22004JD005657.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Joutsensaari , J. , Vaattovaara , P. , Vesterinen , M. , Hameri , K . and Laak-sonen , A. 2001. A novel tandem differential mobility analyzer with organic vapour treatment of aerosol particles. Atmos. Chem. Phys . 1 , 51 - 60 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Joutsensaari , J., Toivonen, T., Vaattovaara, P., Vesterinen, M., Vep-salainen, J. and co-authors. 2004. Time-resolved growth behaviour of acid aerosols in ethanol vapour with a tandem-DMA technique. J. Aerosol. Sci . 35 , 851 - 867 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Kaku , K. C. , Hegg , D. A. , Covert , D. S. , Santarpia , J. L. , Jonsson , H . and co-authors. 2006. Organics in the Northeastern Pacific and their im-pacts on aerosol hygroscopicity in the subsaturated and supersaturated regimes. Atmos. Chem. Phys . 6 ,4101-4115.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Kanakidou , M. , Seinfeld , J. H. , Pandis , S. N. , Barnes , I. , Dentener , E J. and co-authors. 2005. Organic aerosol and global climate modelling: a review. Atmos. Chem. Phys . 5 , 1053 - 1123 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Kandler , K. and Schutz , L . 2007 . Climatology of the average water-soluble volume fraction of atmospheric aerosol. Atmos. Res . 83 , 77 – 92 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Kerminen , V. M . 1997 . The effects of particle chemical character and atmospheric processes on particle hygroscopic properties. J. Aerosol. Sci . 28 , 121 – 132 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Kerminen , V. M. , Lihavainen , H. , Komppula , M. , Viisanen , Y. and Kulmala , M . 2005 . Direct observational evidence linking atmospheric aerosol formation and cloud droplet activation. Geophys. Res. Lett . 32 , L14803 , doi: 14810.11029/12005GL023130.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Khvorostyanov , V. I. A. C. 2007 . Refinements to the Köhlers theory of aerosol equilibrium radii, size spectra, and droplet activation: effects of humidity and insoluble fraction. J. Geophys. Res. 112 , D05206. Koehler , K. A. , Kreidenweis , S. M. , DeMott , P. J. , Prenni , A. J. , Carrico , C. M. and co-authors. 2006. Water activity and activation diameters from hygroscopicity data—Part II: application to organic species. At-mos. Chem. Phys . 6 , 795 – 809 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Kohler , H . 1936 . The nucleaus in and the growth of atmospheric droplets. Trans. Faraday Soc . 32 , 1152 – 1161 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Kokkola , H. , Sorjamaa , R. , Peraniemi , A. , Raatikainen , T . and Laaksonen , A . 2006. Cloud formation of particles contain-ing humic-like substances. Geophys. Res. Lett . 33 , L10816, doi: 10810.11029/12006GL026107.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Kreidenweis , S. M. , Koehler , K. , DeMott , P. J. , Prenni , A. J. , Carrico , C . and co-authors. 2005. Water activity and activation diameters from hygroscopicity data—Part I: theory and application to inorganic salts. Atmos. Chem. Phys . 5 , 1357 - 1370 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Kulmala , M. , Dal Maso , M. , Makela , J. M. , Pirjola , L. , Vakeva , M . and co-authors. 2001. On the formation, growth and composition of nucleation mode particles. Tellus 53B , 479 - 490 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Kulmala , M. , Vehkamaki , H. , Petajda , T. , Dal Maso , M. , Lauri , A. and co-authors . 2004 . Formation and growth rates of ultrafine atmospheric particles: a review of observations. J. Aerosol. Sci . 35 , 143-176. L,eck , C. and Bigg , E. K. 2005. Source and evolution of the ma-rine aerosol—A new perspective. Geophys. Res. Lett. 32 , L19803, doi: 19810.11029/12005GL023651.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Li , Z. D. , Williams , A. L. and Rood , M . J. 1998. Influence of soluble surfactant properties on the activation of aerosol particles containing inorganic solute. J. Atmos. Sci . 55 , 1859– 1866 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Liu , B. Y. H. , Pui , D. Y. H. , Whitby , K. T. , Kittelson , D. B. , Kousaka , Y . and co-authors. 1978. Aerosol mobility chromatograph—new detector for sulphuric-acid aerosols. Atmos. Environ . 12 , 99 - 104 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Londahl , J. , Massling , A. , Pagels , J. , Swietlicki , E. , Vaclavik , E. and co-authors . 2007 . Size-resolved respiratory-tract deposition of fine and ultrafine hydrophobic and hygroscopic aerosol particles during rest and exercise. Inhal Toxicol 19 , 109 - 116 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Maim , W. C. and Kreidenweis , S. M . 1997 . The effects of models of aerosol hygroscopicity on the apportionment of extinction. Atmos. Environ . 31 , 1965 – 1976 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Marcolli , C. , Luo , B. P. and Peter , T . 2004. Mixing of the organic aerosol fractions: liquids as the thermodynamically stable phases. J. Phys. Chem. A 108 , 2216 - 2224 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Marcolli , C. and Krieger , U. K . 2006 . Phase changes during hygro-scopic cycles of mixed organic/inorganic model systems of tropo-spheric aerosols. J. Phys. Chem. A 110 , 1881 – 1893 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Martensson , E. M. , Nilsson , E. D. , de L,eeuw , G. , Cohen , L. H. and Hansson , H. C. 2003. Laboratory simulations and parameterization of the primary marine aerosol production. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos . 108 , 4297, doi: 4210.1029/2002JDO02263.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Massling , A. , Wiedensohler , A. , Busch , B. , Neususs , C. , Quinn , P . and co-authors. 2003. Hygroscopic properties of different aerosol types over the Atlantic and Indian Oceans. Atmos. Chem. Phys . 3 , 1377 - 1397 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Massling , A. , Stock , M. and Wiedensohler , A . 2005 . Diurnal, weekly, and seasonal variation of hygroscopic properties of submicrometer urban aerosol particles. Atmos. Environ . 39 , 3911 – 3922 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Massling , A. L. S. , Wiedensohler , A. and Covert , D . 2006 . Hygro-scopic growth of sub-micrometer and one-micrometer aerosol par-ticles measured during ACE-Asia. Atmos. Chem. Phys.-Discuss . 6 , 12268 – 12300 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
McFiggans , G. , Alfarra , M. R. , Allan , J. , Bower , K. , Coe , H . and co-authors. 2005. Simplification of the representation of the organic com-ponent of atmospheric particulates. Faraday Discuss 130 , 341 - 362 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
McFiggans , G. , Artaxo , P. , Baltensperger , U. , Coe , H. , Facchini , M. C. and co-authors . 2006 . The effect of physical and chemical aerosol properties on warm cloud droplet activation. Atmos. Chem. Phys . 6 , 2593 - 2649 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
McMurry , P.N. , Takano , H . and Anderson , G. R. 1983. Study of the am-monia (Gas) sulfuric-acid (aerosol) reaction-rate. Environ. Sci. Tech-nol . 17 , 347 - 352 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
McMurry , P. H. and Stolzenburg , M. R . 1989 . On the sensitivity of particle-size to relative-humidity for Los-Angeles aerosols. Atmos. Environ . 23, 497 – 507 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
McMurry , P.N. , Litchy , M. , Huang , P. E. Cai , X. P. , Turpin , B. J. and co-authors. 1996. Elemental composition and morphology of individual particles separated by size and hygroscopicity with the TDMA. Atmos. Environ . 30 , 101 - 108 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Mikhailov , E. , Vlasenko , S. , Niessner , R. and Poschl , U . 2004 . Inter-action of aerosol particles composed of protein and salts with water vapour: hygroscopic growth and microstructural rearrangement. At-mos. Chem. Phys . 4 , 323 – 350 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Ming , Y. and Russell , L. M . 2001 . Predicted hygroscopic growth of sea salt aerosol. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos . 106 , 28259 – 28274 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Ming , Y. and Russell , L. M . 2002 . Thermodynamic equilibrium of organic-electrolyte mixtures in aerosol particles. Aiche. J . 48 , 1331 – 1348 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Mirabel , P. , Reiss , H. and Bowles , R. K . 2000 . A theory for the deliques-cence of small particles. J Chem Phys 113 , 8200 – 8205 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Mircea , M. , Facchini , M. C. , Decesari , S. , Cavalli , E , Emblico , L. and co-authors . 2005 . Importance of the organic aerosol fraction for modeling aerosol hygroscopic growth and activation: a case study in the Amazon Basin. Atmos. Chem. Phys . 5 ,3111-3126.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Nilsson , E . 2007 . Hygroscopic growth factors of nebulized bulk sea water samples. Private Communication, Division of Nuclear Physics, Lund University, PO Box 118, S-22100 Lund, Sweden.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Nilsson , E. D. , Rannik , U. , Swietlicki , E. , L,eck , C. , Aalto , P. P. and co-authors. 2001. Turbulent aerosol fluxes over the Arctic Ocean. 2: wind-driven sources from the sea. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos . 106 , 32139 - 32154 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
O'Dowd , C. D. , Aalto , P. , Hameri , K. , Kulmala , M . and Hoffmann , T . 2002. Aerosol formation—atmospheric particles from organic vapours. Nature 416 , 497 - 498 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
O'Dowd , C. D. , Facchini , M. C. , Cavalli , E , Cebumis , D. , Mircea , M . and co-authors. 2004. Biogenically driven organic contribution to marine aerosol. Nature 431 , 676 - 680 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Peng , C. G. and Chan , C. K . 2001 . The water cycles of water-soluble organic salts of atmospheric importance. Atmos. Environ . 35 , 1183 – 1192 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Petaja , T. , Kerminen , V. M. , Hameri , K. , Vaattovaara , P. , Joutsensaari , J. and co-authors. 2005. Effects of SO2 oxidation on ambient aerosol growth in water and ethanol vapours. Atmos. Chem. Phys . 5 ,767-779.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Petaja , T. , Kerminen , V. M. , Dal Maso , M. , Junninen , H. , Koponen , I. K. and co-authors . 2007 . Sub-micron atmospheric aerosols in the surroundings of Marseille and Athens: physical characterization and new particle formation. Atmos. Chem. Phys . 7 , 2705 - 2720 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Pitchford , M. L. and McMurry , P. H . 1994 . Relationship between mea-sured water-vapour growth and chemistry of atmospheric aerosol for Grand-Canyon, Arizona, in winter 1990. Atmos. Environ . 28 , 827 – 839 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Quinn , P. K. , Anderson , T. L. , Dlugi , R. , Heintzenberg , J. , von Hoyningen-Huene , W. and co-authors. 1996. The state of closure in tropospheric aerosol climate research: a review and future research needs. Contri. Atmos. Phys . 69 , 547 - 577 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Quinn , P. K. and Bates , T. S . 2005 . Regional aerosol properties: com-parisons of boundary layer measurements from ACE 1, ACE 2, aerosols99, INDOEX, ACE asia, TARFOX, and NEAQS.../. Geophys. Res.-Atmos . 110 , D14202 , doi: 14210.11029/12004JD004755.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Rader , D. J. and McMurry , P. H. 1986. Application of the Tandem Dif-ferential Mobility Analyzer to Studies of Droplet Growth or Evap-ouration. J. Aerosol Sci . 17 , 771 - 787 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Randall , D. A. , Wood , R. A. , Bony , S. , Colman , R. , Fichefet , T. and co-authors . 2007 . Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth As- sessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change—Climate Models and their Evaluation. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Reilly , P. J. and Wood , R. H. 1969. Prediction of properties of mixed electrolytes from measurements on common ion mixtures. J. Phys. Chem.-Us . 73 , 4292-&.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Rissler , J. , Swietlicki , E. , Zhou , J. , Roberts , G. , Andreae , M. O. and co-authors. 2004. Physical properties of the sub-micrometer aerosol over the Amazon rain forest during the wet-to-dry season transition—comparison of modeled and measured CCN concentrations. Atmos. Chem. Phys . 4 ,2119-2143.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Rissler , J. , Pagels , J. , Swietlicki , E. , Wierzbicka , A. , Strand , M . and co-authors. 2005. Hygroscopic behaviour of aerosol particles emitted from biomass fired grate boilers. Aerosol. Sci. Tech . 39 , 919 - 930 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Rissler , J. , Vestin , A. , Swietlicki , E. , Fisch , G. , Zhou , J. and co-authors . 2006 . Size distribution and hygroscopic properties of aerosol particles from dry-season biomass burning in Amazonia. Atmos. Chem. Phys . 6 ,471-491.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Rissler , J. , Svenningsson , B. , Swietlicki , E. , Bilde , M. , Mircea , M. and co-authors . 2008 . Critical supersaturations from hygroscopic growth—a laboratory evaluation of a CCN model. Atmos. Chem. Phys ., to be submitted.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Rissman , T. A. , Varutbangkul , V. , Surratt , J. D. , Topping , D . 0., McFig-gans, G. and co-authors. 2007. Cloud condensation nucleus (CCN) behaviour of organic aerosol particles generated by atomization of water and methanol solutions. Atmos. Chem. Phys . 7 ,2949-2971.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Rodgers , C . 1976 . Retrieval of atmospheric temperature and composition from remote measurements of thermal radiation. Rev. Geophys . 14 , 609 – 624 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Rodgers , C . 1990 . Characterization and error analysis of profiles re-trieved from remote sounding measurements. J. Geophys. Res . 95 , 5587 – 5595 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Russell , L. M. and Ming , Y . 2002 . Deliquescence of small particles. J. Chem. Phys . 116, 311 – 321 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Saathoff , H. , Naumann , K. H. , Schnaiter , M. , Schock , W ., Mohler, 0. and co-authors. 2003. Coating of soot and (NH4)2504. particles by ozonolysis products of alpha-pinene. J. Aerosol. Sci . 34 , 1297-132 1 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Sakurai , H. , Fink , M. A. , McMurry , PH. , Mauldin , L. , Moore , K . E and co-authors. 2005. Hygroscopicity and volatility of 4-10 nm particles during summertime atmospheric nucleation events in urban Atlanta. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos . 110 , D22504, doi: 10.1029/2005JD005918.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Santarpia , J. L. , Li , R. J. and Collins , D. R . 2004 . Direct measurement of the hydration state of ambient aerosol populations. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos . 109 , D18209 , doi: 18210.11029/12004JD004653.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Saxena , P. , Hildemann , L. M. , McMurry , P. H. and Seinfeld , J. H . 1995 . Organics alter hygroscopic behaviour of atmospheric particles. J. Geo-phys. Res.-Atmos . 100 , 18755 – 18770 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Sekigawa , K . 1983 . Estimation of the volume fraction of water soluble material in submicron aerosols in the atmosphere. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan 61 , 359 – 366 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Shulman , M. L. , Jacobson , M. C. , Charlson , R. J. , Synovec , R. E. and Young , T. E . 1996 . Dissolution behaviour and surface tension effects of organic compounds in nucleating cloud droplets (vol 23, pg 277, 1996). Geophys. Res. Lett . 23 , 603 – 603 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Sjogren , S. , Gysel , M. , Weingartner , E. , Alfarra , M. R. , Duplissy , J. and co-authors . 2007 a. Hygroscopicity of the submicrometer aerosol at the high-alpine site Jungfraujoch, 3580 m a.s.1., Switzerland. Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss . 7 , 13699 - 13732 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Sjogren , S. , Gysel , M. , Weingartner , E. , Baltensperger , U. , Cubison , M . J. and co-authors. 2007b. Hygroscopic growth and water uptake kinet-ics of two-phase aerosol particles consisting of ammonium sulphate, adipic and humic acid mixtures. J. Aerosol. Sci . 38 , 157 - 171 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Sorjamaa , R. , Svenningsson , B. , Raatikainen , T. , Henning , S. , Bilde , M. and co-authors . 2004 . The role of surfactants in Kohler theory reconsidered. Atmos. Chem. Phys . 4 , 2107 - 2117 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Stokes , R. H. and Robinson , R. A . 1966 Interactions in aqueous non-electrolyte solutions. I: solute-solvent equilibria. J. Phys. Chem.-Us . 70 , 2126 – 2130 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Stolzenburg , M. R. and McMurry , P .11. 1988. TDMAFIT User's Manual . Particle Technology Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineer-ing, U of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Stratmann , E , Orsini , D. and Kauffeldt , T . 1997 . Inversion algorithm for TDMA measurements./. Aerosol. Sci . 28 , S701—S702 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Svenningsson , B. , Hansson , H. C. , Wiedensohler , A. , Noone , K. , Ogren , J. and co-authors. 1994. Hygroscopic growth of aerosol-particles and its influence on nucleation scavenging in-cloud—experimental results from Kleiner-Feldberg. J. Atmos. Chem . 19 , 129 - 152 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Svenningsson , B. , Hansson , H. C. , Martinsson , B. , Wiedensohler , A. , Swietlicki , E. and co-authors . 1997 . Cloud droplet nucleation scav-enging in relation to the size and hygroscopic behaviour of aerosol particles. Atmos. Environ . 31 , 2463 - 2475 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Svenningsson , B. , Rissler , J. , Swietlicki , E. , Mircea , M. , Bilde , M. and co-authors . 2006 a. Hygroscopic growth and critical supersaturations for mixed aerosol particles of inorganic and organic compounds of atmospheric relevance. Atm. Chem. Phys . 6 , 1937– 1952 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Svenningsson , B. , Rissler , J. , Swietlicki , E. , Mircea , M. , Bilde , M . and co-authors. 2006b. Hygroscopic growth and critical supersaturations for mixed aerosol particles of inorganic and organic compounds of atmospheric relevance. Atmos. Chem. Phys . 6 , 1937– 1952 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Svenningsson , B. , Bilde , M. , Rissler , J. and Swietlicki , E . 2007. What about water uptake by mixtures of four of the most important atmo-spheric aerosol ions: NH4+, Na+, 5042—, and c1-? In: European Aerosol Conference , Salzburg, Austria.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Svenningsson , I. B. , Hansson , H. C. , Wiedensohler , A. , Ogren , J. A. , Noone , K. J. and co-authors. 1992. Hygroscopic growth of aerosol-particles in the Po Valley. Tellus 44B , 556 - 569 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Swietlicki , E. , Zhou , J. C. , Berg , OH. , Martinsson , B. G. , Frank , G . and co-authors. 1999. A closure study of sub-micrometer aerosol particle hygroscopic behaviour. Atmos. Res . 50 , 205 - 240 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Swietlicki , E. , Zhou , J. C. , Covert , D. S. , Hameri , K. , Busch , B . and co-authors. 2000. Hygroscopic properties of aerosol particles in the northeastern Atlantic during ACE-2. Tellus 52B , 201 - 227 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Tang , I. N. and Munkelwitz , H. R . 1994 . Water activities, densi-ties, and refractive indices of aqueous sulfates and sodium nitrate droplets of atmospheric importance. J. Geophys. Res . 99 ( D9 ), 18801 – 18808 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Tang , I. N . 1997 . Thermodynamic and optical properties of mixed-salt aerosols of atmospheric importance. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos . 102 , 1883 – 1893 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Tang , I. N. , Tridico , A. C. and Fung , K. H . 1997 . Thermodynamic and optical properties of sea salt aerosols. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos . 102 , 23269 – 23275 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Tomlinson , J. M. , Li , R. J. and Collins , D. R. 2007. Physical and chemical properties of the aerosol within the southeastern Pa-cific marine boundary layer. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos . 112 , D12211, doi: 12210.11029/12006JDO07771.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Topping , D. O. , McFiggans , G. B. and Coe , H . 2005a. A curved multi-component aerosol hygroscopicity model framework: Part 1—Inorganic compounds. Atmos. Chem. Phys . 5 , 1205 - 1222 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Topping , D. O. , McFiggans , G. B. and Coe , H . 2005b. A curved multi-component aerosol hygroscopicity model framework: Part 2—Including organic compounds. Atmos. Chem. Phys . 5 , 1223 - 1242 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Topping , D. O. , McFiggans , G. B. , Kiss , G. , Varga , Z. , Fac-chini , M. C. and co-authors. 2007. Surface tensions of multi-component mixed inorganic/organic aqueous systems of atmo-spheric significance: measurements, model predictions and impor-tance for cloud activation predictions. Atmos. Chem. Phys . 7 , 2371 - 2398 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Tunved , P. , Hansson , H. C. , Kerminen , V. M. , Strom , J. , Dal Maso , M. and co-authors . 2006 a. High natural aerosol loading over boreal forests. Science 312 , 261 - 263 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Tunved , P. , Korhonen , H. , Strom , J. , Hansson , H. C. , Lehtinen , K. E. J. and co-authors . 2006 b. Is nucleation capable of explaining observed aerosol integral number increase during southerly transport over Scan-dinavia? Tellus 58B , 129 - 140 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Vakeva , M. , Hameri , K. , Puhakka , T. , Nilsson , E. D. , Hohti , H . and co-authors. 2000. Effects of meteorological processes on aerosol particle size distribution in an urban background area. Geophys. Res.-Atmos . 105 , 9807 - 9821 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Vakeva , M. , Hameri , K. and Aalto , P. P . 2002a. Hygroscopic proper-ties of nucleation mode and Aitken mode particles during nucleation bursts and in background air. 1. Geophys. Res.-Atmos . 107 , 8104, doi: 8110.1029/2000JD000176.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Vakeva , M. , Kulmala , M , Stratmann , E and Hameri , K . 2002b. Field measurements of hygroscopic properties and state of mixing of nucle-ation mode particles. Atmos. Chem. Phys . 2 , 55 - 66 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Van Dingenen , R. , Putaud , J. P. , Martins-Dos Santos , S . and Raes , E 2005. Physical aerosol properties and their relation to air mass origin at Monte Cimone (Italy) during the first MINATROC campaign. Atmos. Chem. Phys . 5 , 2203 - 2226 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Vestin , A. , Rissler , J. , Swietlicki , E. , Frank , G. P. and An-dreae , M. O. 2007. Cloud-nucleating properties of the Amazo-nian biomass burning aerosol: cloud condensation nuclei mea-surements and modeling. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos . 112 , D14201, doi: 14210.11029/12006JD008104.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Virkkula , A. , Van Dingenen , R. , Raes , E and Hjorth , J. 1999. Hy-groscopic properties of aerosol formed by oxidation of limonene, alpha-pinene, and beta-pinene. Geophys. Res.-Atmos . 104 , 3569 - 3579 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Voutilainen , A ., Stratmann, E and Kaipio, J. P. 2000. A non-homogeneous regularization method for the estimation of narrow aerosol size distributions. J. Aerosol. Sci . 31 , 1433-144 5 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Wang , S. C. and Flagan , R. C . 1990 . Scanning electrical mobility spec-trometer. Aerosol Sci. Tech . 13 , 230 – 240 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Weingartner , E. , Burtscher , H. and Baltensperger , U . 1997 . Hygroscopic properties of carbon and diesel soot particles. Atmos. Environ . 31 , 2311 – 2327 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Weingartner , E. , Gysel , M. and Baltensperger , U . 2002 . Hygroscopicity of aerosol particles at low temperatures. 1. New low-temperature H-TDMA instrument: setup and first applications. Environ. Sci. Technol . 36 , 55 – 62 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Weis , D. D. and Ewing , G. E . 1999 . Water content and morphology of sodium chloride aerosol particles. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos . 104 , 21275 – 21285 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Wexler , A. S. and Clegg , S. L . 2002 . Atmospheric aerosol mod-els for systems including the ions H+, NH4+, Na+, 5042—, NO3—,C1—, Br—, and H20. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos . 107 , 4207 , doi: 4210.1029/2001JD000451.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Zdanovskii , A . 1948 . New methods for calculating solubilities of elec-trolytes in multicomponent systems. Zhur. Fiz. Khim . 22 , 1475 – 1485 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Zhang , X. Q. , McMurry , P. H. , Hering , S. V. and Casuccio , G. S . 1993 . Mixing characteristics and water-content of submicron aerosols mea-sured in Los-Angeles and at the Grand-Canyon. Atmos. Environ. Part A-General Topics 27 , 1593 – 1607 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Zhou , J. C. , Swietlicki , E. , Berg , O. H. , Aalto , P. P. , Hameri , K . and co-authors. 2001. Hygroscopic properties of aerosol particles over the central Arctic Ocean during summer. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos . 106 , 32111 - 32123 .
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Zhou , J. C. , Swietlicki , E. , Hansson , H. C. and Artaxo , P . 2002. Sub-micrometer aerosol particle size distribution and hygroscopic growth measured in the Amazon rain forest during the wet season. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos . 107 , 8055, doi: 8010.1029/2000JDO00203.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article

Authors

Metrics

Articles in this issue

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0889.2008.00350.x | Journal eISSN: 1600-0889

Journal RSS Feed

Language: English

Page range: 432 - 469

Submitted on: Nov 16, 2007

Accepted on: Feb 29, 2008

Published on: Jan 1, 2008

Published by: Stockholm University Press

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

© 2008 E. Swietlicki, H. -C. Hansson, K. Hämeri, B. Svenningsson, A. Massling, G. McFiggans, P. H. McMurry, T. Petäjä, P. Tunved, M. Gysel, D. Topping, E. Weingartner, U. Baltensperger, J. Rissler, A. Wiedensohler, M. Kulmala, published by Stockholm University Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Volume 60 (2008): Issue 3