High resolution modelling of atmosphere-canopy exchange of acidifying and eutrophying components and carbon dioxide for European forests
By: G. Pieterse, A. Bleeker, A. T. Vermeulen, Y. Wu and J. W. Erisman
References
-
Adiku
, S. G. K., Reichstein, M., Lohila, A., Dinh, N. Q., Aurela, M.PIXGRO: A model for simulating the ecosystem CO2 exchange and growth of spring barley. EcoL Mod. 190, 260– 276. -
Aurora
, V. K. 2003. Simulating energy and carbon fluxes over winter wheat using coupled land surface and terrestrial models. Agr For Met. 118, 21– 47. -
Baldocchi
, D., Hicks, B. B.and Camara, P. 1987. A canopy stomatal resistance model for gaseous deposition to vegetated surfaces. Atm. Env. 13, 1681– 1687. -
Bennet
, J. H., Hill, A. C.and Dates, D. M. 1973. A model for gaseous pollutant sorption by leaves. J. Air Pollut. Control Assoc. 23, 957– 962. -
Berry
, J. A.and Farquhar, G. D. 1978.The CO2 concentration func-tion of C4 photosynthesis: a biochemical model. In: 4th International Congress of Photosynthesis (eds.D. Jall, J. Coombs and T. Goodwin), London, Biochem, Soc, pp. 119– 131. -
Bleeker
, A., Vermeulen, A. T., Erisman, J. W., Reinds, G. J.and Vries, W.d. 2004. Critical loads and present deposition thresholds of nitrogen and acidity and their exceedances at Level II and Level I monitor-ing plots in Europe. Technical Report ECN-C-04-117 , ECN Schoon Fossiel, The Netherlands. -
Christensen
, J. H. 1997. The Danish Eulerian Hemispheric Model-a three-dimensional air pollution model used for the Arctic. Atm. En v. 31, 4169– 4191. -
Ciais
, P., Reichstein, M., Viovy, N., Granier, A., Ogee, J.Europe-wide reduction in primary productivity caused by the heat and draught in 2003.Nature 437( 7058), 529– 533. -
Claussen
, M. 1990. Area-averaging of surface fluxes in a neutrally strat-ified, horizontally inhomogeneous atmospheric boundary layer. Atm. Env. 24A, 1349– 1360. -
Collatz
, G. J., Ball, K. T., Grivet, C.and Berry, J. A. 1991. Physiological and environmental regulation of stomatal conductance, photo synthe-sis and transpiration: a model that includes a laminar boundary layer. Agr. For Met. 54, 107– 136. -
Collatz
, G. J., Ribas-Carbo, M.and Berry, J. A. 1992. Coupled photo-synthesis stomatal conductance model for leaves of C4 plants. AusL J. Plant PhysioL, 519– 538. -
Draaijers
, G. P. J.and Erisman, J. W. 1995. A canopy budget model to assess atmospheric deposition from throughfall measurements. Water Air Soil Pollut. 85, 2253– 2258. -
Draaijers
, G. P. J., Erisman, J. W., Liivblad, G., Spranger, T.and Vel, E. 1998.Quality and uncertainty aspects of forest deposition estimation using throughfall, stemflow and precipitation measurements. Techni-cal Report R98/093, TNO, The Netherlands. -
Erisman
, J. W.and Draaijers, G. P. J. 1995. Atmospheric deposition in relation to acidification and eutrophication, volume 63 of Studies in Environmental Science. Elsevier , Amsterdam, The Netherlands. -
Erisman
, J. W.and Wyers, G. P. 1993. Continuous measurements of surface exchange of SO2 and NH3; implications for their possi-ble interaction in the deposition process. Atm. Env. 27A, 1937– 1949. -
Erisman
, J. W., van Pul, W. A. J.and Wyers, G. P.Parameterization of surface resistance for the quantification of atmospheric deposition of acidifying pollutants and ozone. Atm. Env. 28, 2595– 2607. -
Erisman
, J. W., Vermeulen, A. T., Hensen, A., Flechard, C. R., Dämmgen, U. and co-authors. 2004.Monitoring and modeling of biosphere/atmosphere exchange of gases and aerosols in europe. Env. Poll. 133, 403– 413. -
Farquhar
, G. D., Caemmerer, S. V.and Berry, J. A. 1980. A biochemical model of photosynthetic CO2 fixation in leaves of C3 species. Manta, 78– 90. -
Finkelstein
, P. L., Ellestad, T. G., Clarke, J. F., Meyers, T. P., Schwede, D. B.Ozone and sulfur dioxide dry deposition to forests: Observations and model evaluation. J. of Geophys. Res. 105(D12), 15365– 15377. -
Flechard
, C. R., Fowler, D., Sutton, M. Aand Cape, J. N. 1999.A dynamic chemical model of bidirectional ammonia exchange between semi-natural vegetation and the atmosphere. Quart. J. Roy. Met. Soc. 125( 559), 2611-2641. Part A. -
Fowler
, D. 1985. Dry deposition of SO 0 onto plant canopies. Sulphur dioxide and vegetation. Stanford University Press, Stanford , Califor-nia, USA. -
Fowler
, D.and Unsworth, M. H. 1979. Turbulent transfer of sulphur dioxide to a wheat crop. Roy. Met. Soc. 105, 767– 783. -
Friedl
, M. A., McIver, D. K., Hodges, J. C. E, Zhang, Z. Y., Mu-choney, D.Global land cover mapping from MODIS: Algorithms and early results. Rem. Sens. Env. 83, 287– 302. -
Frohn
, L. M., Christensen, J. H.and Brandt, J. 2002. Development of a high resolution nested air pollution model - the numerical approach. J. Comput. Phys. 179, 68– 94. -
Frohn
, L. M., Christensen, J. H., Brandt, J., Geels, C.and Hansen, K. M. 2003. Validation of a 3-D hemispheric nested air pollution model. Atm. Chem. Phys. Disc. 3, 3543– 3588. -
Garland
, J. A. 1977. The dry deposition of sulphur dioxide to land and water surfaces. Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. A 354, 245– 268. -
Gauger
, T., Anshelm, F., Schuster, H., Erisman, J. W., Vermeulen, A. T.Mapping of ecosystem specific long-term trends in deposition loads and concentrations of air pollutants in Germany and their comparison with critical loads and critical levels, Part 1: Deposition loads 1990-1999. Technical Report Final Report UBA 299 42 210, Institut far Navigation der Universität Stuttgart, on behalf of the Federal Environmental Agency (Umweltbundesamt), Berlin, Germany. -
Geels
, C. 2003. Simulation the current CO 0 content of the atmosphere: including surface fluxes and transport across the Northern Hemi-sphere. Ph.D. thesis, National Environmental Research Institute , De-partment of Atmospheric Environment, Denmark. -
Geels
, C., Doney, S. C., Dargaville, S. C., Brandt, J.and Christensen, J. H. 2004. Investigating the sources of synoptic variability in atmo-spheric CO2 measurements over the northern hemisphere continents - a regional model study. Tellus, 35– 50. -
Global Soil Data Task Group
. 2000. Global gridded surfaces of selected soil characteristics (igbp-dis). Internet URL http://www.daac.ornl.gov from Oak Ridge National Laboratory Distributed Active Archive Cen-ter, Oak Ridge , Tennessee, USA. -
Heinsch
, F. A., Reeves, M., Bowker, C. F., Votava, P., Kang, S.Users guide: GPP and NPP (MOD17A2/A3) products NASA MODIS land algorithm. -
Hicks
, B. B., Hosker, R. P., Myers, T. P.and Womack, J. D.Dry deposition measurement techniques. I, design and tests of a prototype meteorological and chemical system for determining dry deposition. Atm. Env. 25, 2345– 2359. -
Högström
, U. 1998. Non dimensional Wind and temperature profiles in the atmospheric surface layer: A re-evaluation. Bound-lay. Met, 42, 55– 78. -
Ito
, A.and Oilcawa, T. 2000. A model analysis of the relationship between climate perturbations and carbon budget anomalies in global terrestrial ecosystems: 1970 to 1997. Clim. Res. 15, 161– 183. -
Joint Research Centre
. 2003.Global Land Cover 2000 database (g1c2000). Internet URL http://www-gvm.jrc.it/g1c2000/ defaultGLC2000.htm from the Joint Research Centre (European Commission), Ispra, Italy. -
Jung
, M., Henkel, K., Herold, M.and Ghurlcina, G. 2006. Exploiting synergies of global land cover products for carbon cycle modeling. Rem. Sens. Env. 101, 534– 553. -
Katul
, G. G., Finkelstein, P. L., Clarke, J. F.and Ellestad, T. G. 1996. An investigation of the conditional sampling method used to estimate fluxes of active, reactive, and passive scalars. J. AppL Met. 35, 1835– 1845. -
Knorr
, W. 2000. Annual and inter annual CO2 exchanges of the terrestrial biosphere: process based simulations and uncertainties. Glob. EcoL Biogeo. 9, 225– 252. -
Knyazikhin
, Y., Glassy, J., Privette, J. L., Tian, Y., Lotsch, A.MODIS leaf area index (LAI) and fraction of photo-synthetically active radiation absorbed by vegetation (FPAR) prod-uct (MOD15) algorithm theoretical basis document. Internet URL http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov/data/atbd/land'atbd.php from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), USA. -
Liu
, W. T., Katsaros, K.and Businger, J. A. 1979. Bulk parameterization of air-sea exchanges of heat and water vapor including the molecular constraints at the surface. J. Atm. Sci. 36, 1722– 1735. -
Loveland
, T. R., Reed, B. C., Brown, J. F., Ohlen, D.O., Zhu, Z. and co-authors. 2000.Development of a global land cover characteristics database and IGBP DISCover from 1-km AVHRR data. Int. J. Rem. Sens. 21, 1303– 1330. -
Ma
, J. M.and Daggupaty, S. M. 1998. Stability dependence of height scales and effective roughness lengths of momentum and heat transfer over roughness changes. Bound. -Lay. Met. 88( 1), 145– 160. -
Mahrt
, L., Vickers, D., Edson, J., Sun, J. L., Hojstrup, J.Heat flux in the coastal zone. Bound. -Lay. Met. 86(3), 421– 446. -
Mason
, P. J. 1988. The formation of a really-averaged roughness lengths. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. 114, 399– 420. -
Massman
, W. J. 1982. Foliage distribution in old-growth coniferous tree canopies. Can. J. For Res. 12, 10– 17. -
Massman
, W. J. 1997. An analytical one-dimensional model of momen-tum transfer by vegetation of arbitrary structure. Bound. -Lay. Met. 83, 407– 421. -
Meyers
, T. P., Finkelstein, P., Clarke, J., Ellestad, T. G.and Sims, P. E. A multi layer model for inferring dry deposition using standard meteorological measurements. J. of Geophys. Res. 103( 017), 22645– 22661. -
Philip
, J. R. 1997. Blending and internal boundary-layer heights, and shear stress. Bound. -Lay. Met. 84, 85– 98. -
Pleim
, J. E., Finkelstein, P. L., Clarke, J. F.and Ellestad, T. G. 1999. A technique for estimating dry deposition velocities based on similarity with latent heat flux. Atm. Env. 33( 14), 2257– 2268. -
Potter
, C. S., Randerson, J. T., Field, C. B., Matson, P. A., Vitousek, P. M.Terrestrial ecosystem production: a pro-cess model based on global satellite and surface data. Glob. Biochem. Cycles 7( 4), 811– 841. -
Press
, W. H., Teukolsky, S. A., Vetterling, W. T.and Flannery, B. P. 1992. Numerical Recipes in C: The art of scientific computing . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. -
Running
, S. W.and Coughlan, J. C. 1988. A general model of forest ecosystem processes for regional applications, I. Hydrological bal-ance, canopy gas exchange and primary production processes. EcoL Model. 42, 125– 154. -
Schaap
, G. M.and Leij, F. J. 1998. Database-related accuracy and un-certainty of pedotransfer functions. Soil Sci. 163, 765– 779. -
Schaap
, G. M., Leij, F. J.and Genuchten, M. T. 2001. Rosetta: a computer program for estimating soil hydraulic parameters with hierarchical pedotransfer functions. J. HydroL, 163– 176. -
Schuepp
, P. H.Micro structure, density and wetness effect on dry deposition to foliage. Agr For Met. 47, 179– 198. -
Sellers
, P. J., Randall, D. A., Collatz, G. J., Berry, J. A., Field, C. B.A revised land surface parameterization (SiB2) for atmospheric GCMs. Part I: model formulation. J. Clim. 9, 676– 705. -
Stull
, R. B. 1988. An Introduction to Boundary Layer Meteorology, vol-ume 13 of Atmospheric and Oceanographic Sciences Library . Kluwer Academic Publishers, Norwell. -
Sutton
, M. A., Wyers, G. P., Meixner, F. X., Schjorring, J. K., Kesselmeier, J.Biosphere-atmosphere ex-change of ammonia. Biopshere-Atmosphere Exchange of Pollutants and Trace Substances. Springer-Verlag, New York. -
van Pul
, W. A. J., Potma, C., van Leeuwen, E. P., Draaijers, G. P. J. and Erisman, J. W. 1995.EDACS: European Deposition maps of Acidifying Components on a Small scale. Model description and results. Technical Report 72240105, National Institute of Public Health and Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands. -
Verkailc
, J. W. 2000. Evaluation of two gustiness models for exposure correction calculations. J. AppL Met. 39( 9), 1613– 1626. -
Wesely
, M. L. 1989. Parameterization of surface resistance to gaseous dry deposition in regional-scale numerical models. Atm. Env. 23, 1293– 1304. -
Wieringa
, J. 1986. Roughness-dependent geographical interpolation of surface wind speed averages. Quart. J. Roy. Met. Soc. 112, 867– 889. -
Wu
, Y., Salcamoto, C. M.and Botner, D. M. 1989. On the application of the CERES-Maize model to the North China plain. Agr For Met. 49, 9– 12. -
Wu
, Y., Brashers, B., Finkelstein, P. Land Pleim, J. E. 2003a. A mul-tilayer biochemical dry deposition model-1. Model formulation. J. Geophys. Res. 108( D1), 4013– 4013. -
Wu
, Y., Brashers, B., Finkelstein, P. Land Pleim, J. E. 2003b. A mul-tilayer biochemical dry deposition model-2. Model evaluation. J. Geophys. Res. 108( D1), 4014– 4014.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0889.2007.00266.x | Journal eISSN: 1600-0889
Language: English
Page range: 412 - 424
Submitted on: Apr 28, 2006
Accepted on: Dec 4, 2006
Published on: Jan 1, 2007
Published by: Stockholm University Press
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
© 2007 G. Pieterse, A. Bleeker, A. T. Vermeulen, Y. Wu, J. W. Erisman, published by Stockholm University Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.