Skip to main content
Have a personal or library account? Click to login
Scaling of the strength of the meridional overturning with vertical diffusivity in an idealized global geometry Cover

Scaling of the strength of the meridional overturning with vertical diffusivity in an idealized global geometry

Open Access
|Jan 2011

References

  1. Anderson , D. , Stockdale , T. , Balmaseda , M. , Ferranti , L. , Vitart , F. and co-authors . 2006 . Seasonal Forecast System 3. ECMWF Newsletter , 19 - 25 .
  2. Balmaseda , M. , Freeanti , L. , Molteni , F. and Palmer , T. N . 2009 . Impact of 2007 and 2008 Arctic Ice Anomalies on the Atmospheric Circulation: Implications for Long-Range Predictions. Technical Memorandum 595. ECMWF , http://www.ecmwf.int/publications/library/do/references/list/show?id=89212 .
  3. Balmaseda , M. A. , Vidard , A. and Anderson , D. L. T . 2007 . The ECMWF System 3 ocean analysis system . Technical Memorandum 508. ECMWF.
  4. Balmaseda , M. A. , Ferranti , L. , Molteni , F. and Palmer , T. N . 2010 . Impact of 2007 and 2008 Arctic ice anomalies on the atmo-spheric circulation: implications for long-range predictions. QJRMS , 10.1002/qj.661 .
  5. Benestad , R. E . 2005 . On Latitudinal Profiles of Zonal Means. Geophys. Res. Lett . 32 , 10.1029/2005GL023652 .
  6. Benestad , R. E . 2006 . Can we expect more extreme precipitation on the monthly time scale? J. Clim . 19 , 630 637 .
  7. Benestad , R. E. and Chen , D . 2006 . The use of a Calculus-based Cy-clone Identification method for generating storm statistics . Tellus , 58A , 473 486 , 10.1111/j.1600-0870.2006.00191.x .
  8. Benestad , R. E. , Hanssen-Bauer , I. and Forland , E . J . 2002 . Empirically downscaled temperature scenarios for Svalbard. Atm. Sci. Lett., 3, Issue 2-4 , 10.1006/asle.2002 . 0051 , 71 - 93 .
  9. Derome , J. , Brunet , G. , Plante , A. , Gagnon , N. , Boer , G. J. and co-authors. 2001. Seasonal Predictions Based on Two Dynamical Mod-els. Atm.-Ocean , 39 ( 4 ), 485 - 501 .
  10. Deser , C. , Magnusdottir , G. , Saravanan , R. and Phillips , A . 2004 . The effects of North Atlantic SST and Sea Ice Anomalies on the Winter Circulation in CCM3. Part II: direct and indirect components of the response . J. Clim . 17 , 877 889 .
  11. Dix , M. R. and Hunt , B. G . 1995 . Chaotic influences and the problem of deterministic seasonal predictions . Int. J. Climatol . 15 ( 7 ), 729 752 .
  12. Doblas-Reyes , F. J. , Hagedorn , R. and Palmer , T. N . 2007 . Develop-ments in dynamical seasonal forecasting relevant to agricultural man-agement . Clim. Res . 33 , 19 26 .
  13. Francis , J. A. , Chan , W. , Leathers , D. J. , Miller , J. R. and Veron , D. E. 2009 . Winter Northern Hemisphere weather patterns remem-ber summer Arctic sea ice extent. Geophys. Res. Lett. 36, L07503 10.1029/2009GL037274 .
  14. Hill , T. and Lewicici , P . 2005 . Statistics: Methods and Applications : A Comprehensive Reference for Science , Industry, and Data Mining. Tulsa, OK, USA : StatSoft .
  15. Holland , M. M. , bitz , C. M. and Tremblay , B . 2006 . Future abrupt reductions in the summer Arctic sea ice . Geophys. Res. Lett . 33 , L23503 , 10.1029/2006GL028024 .
  16. Johansson , A . 2007 . Prediction skill of the NAO and PNA from Daily to Seasonal Time Scales . J. Clim . 20 , 1957 1975 .
  17. Kauker , F. , Kaminski , T. , Karcher , M. , Giering , R. , Gerdes , R. and co-authors . 2009 . Adjoint analysis of the 2007 all time Arctic sea-ice min-imum. Geophys. Res. Lett . 36 , L03707 , 10.1029/2008GL036323 .
  18. Kundzewicz , Z. W. , Mata , L. J. , Arnell , N. , Doll , P. , Kabat , P. and co-authors . 2007 . Climate Change: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerabilit . Contribution of Working Group II to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge Univer-sity Press, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA.
  19. Lorenz , E . 1967 . The Nature and Theory of the General Circulation of the Atmosphere . Publication 218. World Meteorological Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
  20. Magnusdottir , G. , Deser , C. and Saravanan , R . 2004 . The Effects of North Atlantic SST and Sea Ice Anomalies on the Winter Circulation in CCM3. Part I:Main Features and Storm Track Characteristics of the Response . J. Clim . 17 , 857 875 .
  21. Meehl , G. A. , Stocker , T. F. , Idlingstein , W. D. , Gaye , A. T. , Gre-gory , J. M. , Kitoh , A. , Knutti , R. , Murphy , J. M. , Noda , A. , Raper , S. C. B. , Watterson , I. G. , Weaver , A. J. , Zhao , Z.-C . 2007 . Climate Change: The Physical Science Basis. Chap. Global Climate Projections. United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA. Cambridge University Press.
  22. Melsom , A . 2009 . Ocean sea ice atmosphere heat fluxes over the Arctic Ocean . Note 14/2009. met.no, http://met.no/Forskning/Publilcasjoner_2009.
  23. Overland , J. E. and Wang , M . 2010 . Large-scale atmospheric circulation changes are associated with the recent loss of Arctic sea ice . Tellus A . 62 , 1 9 .
  24. Persson , A. and Grazzini , F . 2005 . User Guide to ECMWF forecast products . Meteorological Bulletin M3.2. ECMWF, www.ecmwtint/products/forecasts/guide/user_guide.pdf.
  25. RDevelopment Core Team . 2004 . R: A language and environment for statistical computing . R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. ISBN 3-900051-07-0.
  26. Reynolds , R. W. , Rayner , N. R. , Smith , T. M. , Stokes , D. C. and Wang , W . 2002 . An improved in situ and satellite SST analysis for climate . J. Clim . 15 , 1609 1625 .
  27. Rowell , D. P . 1998 . Assessing Potential Seasonal Predictability with an Ensemble of Multidecadal GCM Simulations . J. Clim . 11 , 109 120 .
  28. Seierstad , I. A. and Bader , J . 2008 . Impact of a projected future Arctic Sea Ice reduction on extratropical storminess and the NAO . Clim. Dynam . 33 , 937 943 .
  29. Senan , R. and Benestad , R. E . 2009 . Transitional irregularity in sea surface temperature from the ECMWF operational ocean analysis. Note 22. met.no, www.met.no.
  30. Serreze , M. C. , Barrett , A. P. , Stroeve , J. C. , Kindig , D. N. and Holland , M. M . 2009 . The emergence of surface-based Arctic amplification . The Ciyosphere 3 , 11 19 10.5194/tc-3-11-2009 .
  31. Singarayer , J. S. , Bamber , J. L. and Valdes , P. J . 2006 . Twenty-first-Century Impacts from a Declining Arctic Sea Ice Cover . J. Clim . 19 , 1109 1125 .
  32. Sivakumar , M. V. K . 2007 . climate prediction and agriculture: current status and future challenges . Clim. Res . 33 , 3 17 .
  33. Sorteberg , A. and Kvingedal , B . 2006 . Atmospheric Forcing on the Barents Sea Winter Ice Extent . J. Clim . 19 , 4772 4784 .
  34. Stockdale , T. N. , Anderson , D. L. T. , Alves , J. O. S. and Balmaseda , M. A. 1998. Global seasonal rainfall forecasts using a coupled ocean-atmosphere model. Nature 392 , 370 - 373 .
  35. Stroeve , J. , Holland , M. M. , Meier , W. , Scambos , T. and Serreze , M . 2007 . Artie sea ice decline: Faster than forecast . Geophys. Res. Lett . 34 , L09501 10.1029/3007GL029703 .
  36. Stroeve , J. , Serreze , M. , Drobot , S. , Gearheard , S. , Holland , M. and co-authors . 2008 . Arctic Sea Ice Extent Plummets in 2007. Eos 89 ( 2 ), 13 - 14 .
  37. Wilkinson , G. N. and Rogers , C. E . 1973 . Symbolic Description of Factorial Models for Analysis of Variance . AppL StaL 22 , 392 399 .
  38. Wilks , D. S . 2006 . On “Field Significance” and the False Discovery Rate J. Appl. MeteoroL ClimatoL 45 , 1181 - 1189 10.1175/JAM2404.1 .
  39. Willcs , D. S . 1995 . Statistical Methods in the Atmospheric Sciences . Orlando, Florida, USA , Academic Press .
  40. Yan , Z. , Bate , S. , Chandler , R. E. , Isham , V. and Wheater , H . 2006 . Changes in extreme wind speeds in NW Europe simulated by generalized linear models . Theoret. AppL Climatol . 83 , 121 137 .
Language: English
Page range: 354 - 370
Submitted on: Jan 11, 2009
Accepted on: Sep 20, 2010
Published on: Jan 1, 2011
Published by: Stockholm University Press
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

© 2011 Matthijs Den Toom, Henk A. Dijkstra, published by Stockholm University Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.