Skip to main content
Have a personal or library account? Click to login
Subjective versus objective sensitivity estimates: application to a North African cyclogenesis Cover

Subjective versus objective sensitivity estimates: application to a North African cyclogenesis

Tellus
Volume 60 (2008): Issue 5
By:  and    
Open Access
|Jan 2008
References

References

  1. Ancell , B. and Hakim , G. J. 2007a . Comparing adjoint-and ensemble-sensitivity analysis with applications to observation targeting. Mon. Wea. Re v . 135 , 4117 – 4134 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  2. Ancell , B. C. and Hakim , G. J. 2007b . Interpreting adjoint and ensemble sensitivity toward the development of optimal observation targeting strategies . Meteorol. Z . 16 , 635 – 642 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  3. Badger , J. and Hoskins , B. 2001 . Simple initial value problems and mechanisms for baroclinic growth. J. Atmos. Sc i . 58 , 38 – 49 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  4. Baker , N. L. and Daley , R. 2000 . Observation and background adjoint sensitivity in the adaptive observation targeting problem . Q. J. R. MeteoroL Soc . 126 , 1431 – 1454 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  5. Bao , J.-W. and Kuo , Y.-H. 1995 . On-off switches in the adjoint method: step functions. Mon. Wea. Re v . 123 , 1589 – 1594 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  6. Barker , D. M. , Huang , W. , Guo , Y. R. , Bourgeois , A. and Xiao , Q. N. 2004 . A three-dimensional variational data assimilation system for MM5: implementation and initial results. Mon. Wea. Re v . 132 , 897 – 914 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  7. Benjamin , S. G. 1983 . Some Effects of Heating and Topography on the Regional Severe Storm Environment . 265 pp . [ Available from University Microfil, 300 N. Zeeb Rd., P.O. Box 1346, Ann Arbor, MI 46801-13461, Ph.D. Thesis, The Pennsylvania State University .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  8. Berliner , L. M. , Lu , Z.-Q. and Snyder , C. 1999 . Statistical design for adaptive weather observations. J. Atmos. Sc i . 56 , 2536 – 2552 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  9. Bishop , C. , Etherton , B. and Majumdar , S. 2001 . Adaptive sampling with the ensemble transform Kalman filter. Part I: theoretical aspects. Mon. Wea. Re v . 129 , 420 – 436 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  10. Burpee , R. W. , Marks , D. G. and Merrill , R. T. 1984 . An assessment of Omega dropwindsonde data in track forecasts of Hurricane Debby (1982) . Bull. Amer Meteor. Soc . 65 , 1050 – 1058 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  11. Carlson , T. N. 1991 . Mid-Latitude Weather Systems . HarperCollins , London , 507 pp .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  12. Daley , R. 1991 . Atmospheric Data Analysis . Cambridge University Press , London , 457 pp .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  13. Doerenbecher , A. and Bergot , T. 2001 . Sensitivity to observations ap-plied to fastex cases . Nonlin. Proc. Geophys . 8 , 467 – 481 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  14. Dudhia , J. 1989 . Numerical study of convection observed during the win-ter monsoon experiment using a mesoscale two-dimensional model. J. Atmos. Sc i . 46 , 3077 – 3107 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  15. Dudhia , J. , Gill , D. , Guo , Y.-R. , Manning , K. , Bourgeois , A. and co-authors. 2002 . PSU/NCAR Mesoscale Modeling System: Tutorial Class notes and User’s Guide: MM5 Modeling System Version 3. Available from NCAR. Boulder, USA .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  16. Emanuel , K. A. , Raymont , D. , Betts , A. , Bosart , L. , Bretherton , C. and co-authors . 1995 . Report of the first prospectus development team of the U.S. weather research program to NOAA and the NSF. Bull. Amer Meteor Soc . 76 , 1194-120 8 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  17. Errico , R. M. 1997 . What is an adjoint model? Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc . 78 , 2577 – 2591 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  18. Errico , R. M. and Raeder , K. D. 1999 . An examination of the accuracy of the linearization of a mesoscale model with moist physics . Q. J. R. MeteoroL Soc . 125 , 169 – 195 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  19. Errico , R. M. , Vulciéevié , T. and Raeder , K. 1993 . Examination of the accuracy of a tangent linear model . Tellus 45A , 462 – 477 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  20. Fritsch , J. , Hilliker , J. , Ross , J. and Vislocky , R. 2000 . Model consensus . Wea. Forecast . 15 , 571 – 582 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  21. Gelaro , R. , Buizza , R. , Palmer , T. N. and Klinker , E. 1998 . Sensitivity analysis of forecast errors and the construction of optimal perturba-tions using singular vectors. J. Atmos. Sc i . 55 , 1012 – 1037 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  22. Gelaro , R. , Langland , R. H. , Rohaly , G. D. and Rosmond , T. E. 1999 . An assessment of singular-vector approach to targeted observing using the fastex dataset. Q. J. R. MeteomL Soc. 125 , 3299 - 3327 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  23. Gelaro , R. , Reynolds , C. A. , Langland , R. H. and Rohaly , G. D. 2000 . A predictability study using geostationary satellite wind observations during NORPEX. Mon. Wea. Re v . 128 , 3789 – 3807 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  24. Gilmour , I. , Smith , L. A. and Buizza , R. 2001 . Linear regime duration: is 24 hours a long time in synoptic weather forecasting? J. Atmos. Sc i . 58 , 3525 – 3539 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  25. Grell , G. A. , Dudhia , J. and Stauffer , D. R. 1994 . A description of the fifth-generation Penn State/NCAR mesoscale model (MM5) . NCAR Tech. Note NCAR/TN-398±STR.
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  26. Hakim , G. J. and Torn , R. D. 2008 . Sanders Symposium Monograph Volume 55 of Meteorological Monographs, chap. Ensemble synoptic analysis. Amer. Meteor. Soc.
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  27. Homar , V. , Ramis , C. and Alonso , S. 2002 . A deep cyclone of african origin over the western mediterranean: diagnosis and numerical sim-ulation . Ann. Geophys . 20 , 93 – 106 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  28. Homar , V. and Stensrud , D. J. 2004 . Sensitivities of an intense mediter-ranean cyclone: analysis and validation . Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc . 130 , 2519 – 2540 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  29. Hong , S. Y. and Pan , H. L. 1996 . Nonlocal boundary layer vertical diffusion in a medium-range forecast model . Mon. Wea. Rev . 124 , 2322 – 2339 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  30. Jansà , A. , Genoves , A. , Picornell , M. A. , Campins , J. , Riosalido , R. and co-authors. 2001 . Western Mediterranean cyclones and heavy rain . Meteorol. AppL 8 , 43 - 56 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  31. Kain , J. S. 2002 . The lcain-fritsch convective parameterization: an update . J. AppL Meteorol . 43 , 170 – 181 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  32. Kain , J. S. and Fritsch , J. M. 1993 . Convective parameterization for mesoscale models: the lcain-fritsch scheme. In: The Representation of Cumulus Convection in Numerical Models (eds. K. A. Emanuel and D. J. Raymond ). Amer. Meteor. Soc p. 246.
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  33. Langland , R. H. and Baker , N. L. 2004 . Estimation of observation im-pact using the NRL atmospheric variational data assimilation adjoint system . Tellus 56A , 189 – 201 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  34. Langland , R. H. , Elsberry , R. and Errico , R. M. 1995 . Evaluation of physical processes in an idealized extratropical cyclone using adjoint sensitivity. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc . 121 , 1349 - 1386 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  35. Langland , R. H. , Gelaro , R. , Rohaly , G. D. and Shapiro , M. 1999a . Targeted observations in fastex: adjoint-based targeting procedures and data impact experiments in iop17 and iop18 . Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc . 125 , 3241 - 3270 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  36. Langland , R. H. , Toth , Z. , Gelaro , R. , Szunyogh , I. , Shapiro , M. and co-authors. 1999b . The north pacific experiment (NORPEX-98): targeted observations for improved north american weather forecasts. Bull. Amer Meteor Soc . 80 , 1363 - 1384 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  37. Lewis , J. M. , Raeder , K. D. and Errico , R. M. 2001 . Vapor flux associated with return flow over the gulf of mexico: a sensitivity study using adjoint modeling . Tellus 53A , 74 – 93 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  38. Lord , S. J. 1996 . The impact on synoptic-scale forecasts over the united states of dropwindsonde observations taken in the northeast pacific. In: I I th Conf on Numerical Weather Prediction] , Amer. Meteorol. Soc , Norfolk, VA, USA , 107 - 111 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  39. Majumdar , S. J. , Aberson , S. D. , Bishop , C. H. , Buizza , R. , Peng , M. S. and co-authors . 2006. A comparison of adaptive observing guidance for atlantic tropical cyclones. Mon. Wea. Rev . 134 , 2354 - 2372.
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  40. Morss , R. E. and Emanuel , K. A. 2002 . Influence of added observations on analysis and forecast errors: results from idealized systems. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc . 128 , 285 - 321 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  41. Morss , R. E. , Emanuel , K. A. and Snyder , C. 2001 . Idealized adaptive observation strategies for improving numerical weather prediction . J. Atmos. Sci . 58 , 210 – 232 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  42. Park , S. K. and Droegemeier , K. K. 1997 . Validity of the tangent linear approximation in a moist convective cloud model . Mon. Wea. Rev . 125 , 3320 – 3340 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  43. Pu , Z.-X. , Kalnay , E. , Sela , J. and Szunyogh , I. 1997 . Sensitivity of forecast error to initial conditions with a quasi-inverse linear method . Mon. Wea. Rev . 125 , 2479 – 2503 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  44. Ramis , C. , Romero , R. , Homar , V , Alonso , S. and Alardin , M. 1998 . Diagnosis and numerical simulation of a torrential precipitation event in Catalonia (Spain) . Meteorol. Atmos. Phys . 69 , 1 – 21 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  45. Reisner , J. , Rasmussen , R. J. and Bruintjes , R. T. 1998 . Explicit forecasting of supercooled liquid water in winter storms using the MM5 mesoscale model . Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc . 124B , 1071 – 1107 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  46. Reynolds , C. A. , Peng , M. S. , Majumdar , S. J. , Aberson , S. D. , Bishop , C. H. and co-authors . 2007. Interpretation of adaptive observing guidance for atlantic tropical cyclones. Mon. Wea. Rev . 135 , 4006 - 4029 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  47. Romero , R. 2001 . Sensitivity of a heavy rain producing western mediter-ranean cyclone to embedded potential voracity anomalies . Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc . 127 , 2559 – 2597 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  48. Sanders , F. and Gyakum , J. 1980 . Synoptic-dynamic climatology of the “Bomb” . Mon. Wea. Rev . 108 , 1589 – 1606 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  49. Stein , U. and Alpert , P. 1993 . Factor separation in numerical simulations . J. Atmos. Sci . 50 , 2107 – 2115 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  50. Stensrud , D. J. and Fritsch , J. M. 1994 . Mesoscale convective systems in weakly forced large-scale environments. Part BI: numerical simu-lations and implications for operational forecasting . Mon. Wea. Rev . 122 , 2084 – 2104 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  51. Szunyogh , I. , Toth , Z. , Emanuel , K. A. , Bishop , C. H. , Snyder , C. and co-authors. 1999 . Ensemble-based targeting experiments during fastex: the effect of dropsonde data from the lear jet. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc . 125 , 3189 - 3217 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  52. Toth , Z. and Kalnay , E. 1997 . Ensemble forecasting at NCEP and the breeding method . Mon. Wea. Rev . 125 , 3297 – 3319 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  53. Toth , Z. , Szunyogh , I. , Bishop , C. , Majumdar , S. , Morss , R. and co-authors . 2002. Adaptive observations at NCEP: past, present, and future. In: Symposium on Observations, Data Assimilation, and Prob-abililstic Prediction. Orlando, FL.
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  54. Truscott , B. and Richardson , D. 2003 . Atlantic THORPEX Observing System Test Project Plan. EUCOS/SP/105.
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  55. Weissmann , M. , Busen , R. , Dörnbrack , A. , Rahm , S. and Reitebuch , O. 2005 . Targeted observations with an airborne wind lidar. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol 22 ( 11 ), 1706 - 1719 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  56. Xu , Q. 1996 . Generalized adjoint for physical processes with parame-terized discontinuities. Part I: basic issues and heuristic examples . J. Atmos. Sci . 53 , 1123 – 1142 .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  57. Zou , X. , Huang , W. and Xiao , Q. 1998 . A User’s Guide to the MM5 Adjoint Modeling System . NCAR Tech. Note NCAR/TN-437±IA.
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
  58. Zou , X. , Vandenberghe , F. , Pondeca , M. and Kuo , Y.-H. 1997 . Introduction to Adjoint Techniques and the MM5 Adjoint Modeling System. NCAR Tech. Note NCAR/TN-435±IA .
    Search in Google ScholarBack to article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0870.2008.00353.x | Journal eISSN: 3035-9554
Journal RSS Feed
Language: English
Page range: 1064 - 1078
Submitted on: Jul 18, 2007
Accepted on: Jul 1, 2008
Published on: Jan 1, 2008
Published by: Stockholm University Press
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

© 2008 Victor Homar, David J. Stensrud, published by Stockholm University Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Volume 60 (2008): Issue 5
Previous article
Next article