The ADM-Aeolus wind retrieval algorithms

The ADM-Aeolus is primarily a research and demonstration mission flying the first Doppler wind lidar in space. Flexible data processing tools are being developed for use in the operational ground segment and by the meteorological community. We present the algorithms developed to retrieve accurate and representative wind profiles, suitable for assimilation in numerical weather prediction. The algorithms provide a flexible framework for classification and weighting of measurement-scale (1–10 km) data into aggregated, observation-scale (50 km) wind profiles for assimilation. The algorithms account for temperature and pressure effects in the molecular backscatter signal, and so the main remaining scientific challenge is to produce representative winds in inhomogeneous atmospheric conditions, such as strong wind shear, broken clouds, and aerosol layers. The Aeolus instrument provides separate measurements in Rayleigh and Mie channels, representing molecular (clear air) and particulate (aerosol and clouds) backscatter, respectively. The combining of information from the two channels offers possibilities to detect and flag difficult, inhomogeneous conditions. The functionality of a baseline version of the developed software has been demonstrated based on simulation of idealized cases.