Continued warming, salinification and oxygenation of the Greenland Sea gyre

Siv K. Lauvset; Ailin Brakstad; Kjetil Våge; Are Olsen; Emil Jeansson; Kjell Arne Mork

doi:10.1080/16000870.2018.1476434

Continued warming, salinification and oxygenation of the Greenland Sea gyre

Tellus

Volume 70 (2018): Issue 1

By: Siv K. Lauvset, Ailin Brakstad, Kjetil Våge, Are Olsen, Emil Jeansson and Kjell Arne Mork

Open Access

|Jan 2018

Blindheim, J. and Rey, F. 2004. Water-mass formation and distribution in the Nordic Seas during the 1990s. ICES J. Marine Sci. 61, 846–863. DOI:10.1016/j.icesjms.2004.05.003.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Brakstad, A., Våge, K., Håvik, L. and Moore, G. W. K. In review. Water mass transformation in the Greenland Sea during the period 1986–2016. J. Phys. Oceanogr.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Eldevik, T. and Nilsen, J. E. O. 2013. The Arctic-Atlantic thermohaline circulation. J. Clim. 26, 8698–8705. DOI:10.1175/jcli-d-13-00305.1.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Eldevik, T., Nilsen, J. E. O., Iovino, D., Olsson, K. A., Sandø, A. B. and co-authors. 2009. Observed sources and variability of Nordic seas overflow. Nature Geosci. 2, 406–409. DOI:10.1038/ngeo518.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Fröb, F., Olsen, A., Våge, K., Moore, G. W. K., Yashayaev, I. and co-authors. 2016. Irminger Sea deep convection injects oxygen and anthropogenic carbon to the ocean interior. Nat. Comms. 7, 13244. DOI:10.1038/ncomms13244.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Furevik, T., Bentsen, M., Drange, H., Johannessen, J. A. and Korablev, A. 2002. Temporal and spatial variability of the sea surface salinity in the Nordic Seas. J. Geophys. Res. 107, 16. DOI:10.1029/2001jc001118.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Glessmer, M. S., Eldevik, T., Våge, K., Nilsen, J. E. Ø. and Behrens, E. 2014. Atlantic origin of observed and modelled freshwater anomalies in the Nordic Seas. Nature Geosci. 7, 801–805. DOI:10.1038/ngeo2259.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Hansen, B., Larsen, K. M. H., Hatun, H., Kristiansen, R., Mortensen, E. and co-authors. 2015. Transport of heat, and salt towards the Arctic in the Faroe Current 1993-2013. Ocean Sci. 11, 743–757. DOI:10.5194/os-11-743-2015.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Hátún, H., Sandø, A. B., Drange, H., Hansen, B. and Valdimarsson, H. 2005. Influence of the Atlantic subpolar gyre on the thermohaline circulation. Science. 309, 1841–1844. DOI:10.1126/science.1114777.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Häkkinen, S. and Rhines, P. B. 2004. Decline of subpolar North Atlantic circulation during the 1990s. Science. 304, 555–559. DOI:10.1029/2008jc004883.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Håvik, L., Vage, K., Pickart, R. S., Harden, B., von Appen, W. J. and co-authors. 2017. Structure and variability of the Shelfbreak East Greenland current north of Denmark strait. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 47, 2631–2646. DOI:10.1175/jpo-d-17-0062.1.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Holliday, N. P., Hughes, S. L., Bacon, S., Beszczynska-Moller, A., Hansen, B. and co-authors. 2008. Reversal of the 1960s to 1990s freshening trend in the northeast North Atlantic and Nordic Seas. Geophys. Res. Lett. 35, L03614. DOI:10.1029/2007gl032675.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Hughes, S. L., Holliday, N. P. and Beszczynska-Moller, A. 2011. ICES report on ocean climate 2010, Coop. Res. Rep. 309, International Council for the Exploration of the Seas (ICES), Copenhagen, Denmark.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Jeansson, E., Jutterström, S., Rudels, B., Anderson, L. G., Olsson, K. A. and co-authors. 2008. Sources to the East Greenland current and its contribution to the Denmark Strait overflow. Prog. Oceanogr. 78, 12–28. DOI:10.1016/j.pocean.2007.08.031.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Jeansson, E., Olsen, A. and Jutterstrom, S. 2017. Arctic intermediate water in the Nordic Seas, 1991–2009. Deep Sea Res. Part 1 Oceanogr. Res. Pap. 128, 82–97. DOI:10.1016/j.dsr.2017.08.013.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Karstensen, J., Schlosser, P., Wallace, D. W. R., Bullister, J. L. and Blindheim, J. 2005. Water mass transformation in the Greenland Sea during the 1990s. J. Geophys. Res. 110, C07022. DOI:10.1029/2004jc002510.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Key, R. M., Olsen, A., van Heuven, S., Lauvset, S. K., Velo, A. and co-authors. 2016. Global Ocean Data Analysis Project, version 2, ORNL/CDIAC-159, NDP-093, Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, US, DOI:10.3334/CDIAC/OTG.NDP093_GLODAPv2.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Korablev, A., Smirnov, A. and Baranova, O. K. 2014. Climatological Atlas of the Nordic Seas and Northern North Atlantic (eds. D. Seidov and A. R. Parsons). NOAA Atlas NESDIS 77, pp. 122. DOI:10.7289/V54B2Z78. Online at: https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/OC5/nordic-seas/
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Koszalka, I., LaCasce, J. H., Andersson, M., Orvik, K. A. and Mauritzen, C. 2011. Surface circulation in the Nordic Seas from clustered drifters. Deep Sea Res. Part 1 Oceanogr. Res. Pap. 58, 468–485. DOI:10.1016/j.dsr.2011.01.007.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Koszalka, I., LaCasce, J. H. and Mauritzen, C. 2013. In pursuit of anomalies – analyzing the poleward transport of Atlantic Water with surface drifters. Deep Sea Res. Part 1 Oceanogr. Res. Pap. 85, 96–108. DOI:10.1016/j.dsr2.2012.07.035.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Latarius, K. and Quadfasel, D. 2010. Seasonal to inter-annual variability of temperature and salinity in the Greenland Sea Gyre: heat and freshwater budgets. Tellus A. 62, 497–515. DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0870.2010.00453.x.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Latarius, K. and Quadfasel, D. 2016. Water mass transformation in the deep basins of the Nordic Seas: Analyses of heat and freshwater budgets. Deep Sea Res. Part 1 Oceanogr. Res. Pap. 114, 23–42. DOI:10.1016/j.dsr.2016.04.012.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Lauvset, S. K. and Tanhua, T. 2015. A toolbox for secondary quality control on ocean chemistry and hydrographic data. Limnol. Oceanogr. Meth. 13, 601–608. DOI:10.1002/lom3.10050.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Lorbacher, K., Dommenget, D., Niiler, P. P. and Köhl, A. 2006. Ocean mixed layer depth: a subsurface proxy of ocean-atmosphere variability. J. Geophys. Res. 111, C07010. DOI:10.1029/2003JC002157.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Mauritzen, C. 1996. Production of dense overflow waters feeding the North Atlantic across the Greenland-Scotland Ridge. Part 2: an inverse model. Deep-Sea Res. I. 43, 807–835. DOI:10.1016/0967-0637(96)00038-6.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Moore, G. W. K., Våge, K., Pickart, R. S. and Renfrew, I. A. 2015. Decreasing intensity of open-ocean convection in the Greenland and Iceland seas. Nature Clim. Change. 5, 877–882. DOI:10.1038/nclimate2688.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Mork, K. A., Skagseth, Ø., Ivshin, V., Ozhigin, V., Hughes, S. L. and co-authors. 2014. Advective and atmospheric forced changes in heat and fresh water content in the Norwegian Sea, 1951-2010. Geophys. Res. Lett. 41, 6221–6228. DOI:10.1002/2014gl061038.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Nilsen, J. E. O. and Falck, E. 2006. Variations of mixed layer properties in the Norwegian Sea for the period 1948-1999. Progr. Oceanogr. 70, 58–90. DOI:10.1016/j.pocean.2006.03.014.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Olsen, A., Key, R. M., van Heuven, S., Lauvset, S. K., Velo, A. and co-authors. 2016. The Global Ocean Data Analysis Project version 2 (GLODAPv2) – an internally consistent data product for the world ocean. Earth Syst. Sci. Data. 8, 297–323. DOI:10.5194/essd-8-297-2016.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Olsen, A., Omar, A. M., Jeansson, E., Anderson, L. G. and Bellerby, R. G. J. 2010. Nordic seas transit time distributions and anthropogenic CO2. J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans. 115, C05005. DOI:10.1029/2009jc005488.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Olsson, K. A., Jeansson, E., Tanhua, T. and Gascard, J. C. 2005. The East Greenland Current studied with CFCs and released sulphur hexafluoride. J. Marine Syst. 55, 77–95. DOI:10.1016/j.jmarsys.2004.07.019.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Pickart, R. S., Torres, D. J. and Clarke, R. A. 2002. Hydrography of the Labrador Sea during active convection. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 32, 428–457. DOI:10.1175/1520-0485(2002)032<;0428:HOTLSD>2.0.CO;2.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Ronski, S. and Budéus, G. 2005. Time series of winter convection in the Greenland Sea. J. Geophys. Res. 110, C04015. DOI:10.1029/2004jc002318.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Rudels, B., Friedrich, H. J. and Quadfasel, D. 1999. The arctic circumpolar boundary current. Deep Sea Res. Part 2 Topical Stud. Oceanogr. 46, 1023–1062. DOI:10.1016/s0967-0645(99)00015-6.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Rudels, B., Korhonen, M., Budeus, G., Beszczynska-Moller, A., Schauer, U. and co-authors. 2012. The East Greenland Current and its impacts on the Nordic Seas: observed trends in the past decade. ICES J. Marine Sci. 69, 841–851. DOI:10.1093/icesjms/fss079.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Schlosser, P., Bonisch, G., Rhein, M. and Bayer, R. 1991. Reduction of deep-water formation in the Greenland Sea during the 1980s – evidence from tracer data. Science. 251, 1054–1056. DOI:10.1126/science.251.4997.1054.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Schmidtko, S., Stramma, L. and Visbeck, M. 2017. Decline in global oceanic oxygen content during the past five decades. Nature. 542, 335–339. DOI:10.1038/nature21399.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Skagseth, O. and Mork, K. A. 2012. Heat content in the Norwegian Sea, 1995-2010. ICES J. Marine Sci. 69, 826–832. DOI:10.1093/icesjms/fss026.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Somavilla, R., Schauer, U. and Budéus, G. 2013. Increasing amount of Arctic Ocean deep waters in the Greenland Sea. Geophys. Res. Lett. 40, 4361–4366. DOI:10.1002/grl.50775.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Strass, V. H., Fahrbach, E., Schauer, U. and Sellmann, L. 1993. Formation of Denmark Strait overflow water by mixing in the East Greenland Current. J. Geophys. Res. 98, 6907–6919. DOI:10.1029/92jc02732.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Swift, J. H., Aagaard, K. and Malmberg, S. A. 1980. Contribution of the Denmark Strait overflow to the deep North-Atlantic. Deep Sea Res. Part a Oceanogr. Res. Pap. 27, 29–42. DOI:10.1016/0198-0149(80)90070-9.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Voet, G., Quadfasel, D., Mork, K. A. and Soiland, H. 2010. The mid-depth circulation of the Nordic Seas derived from profiling float observations. Tellus Ser. a – Dynamic Meteor. Oceanogr. 62, 516–529. DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0870.2010.00444.x.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Våge, K., Moore, G. W. K., Jónsson, S. and Valdimarsson, H. 2015. Water mass transformation in the Iceland Sea. Deep Sea Res. Part I: Oceanogr. Res. Pap. 101, 98–109. DOI:10.1016/j.dsr.2015.04.001.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article

Authors

Metrics

Articles in this issue

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/16000870.2018.1476434 | Journal eISSN: 3035-9554

Journal RSS Feed

Language: English

Page range: 1476434 - 1476434

Submitted on: Jun 23, 2017

Accepted on: May 7, 2018

Published on: Jan 1, 2018

Published by: Stockholm University Press

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Keywords:

Greenland Sea,

ventilation,

hydrographic changes,

observations,

convection

© 2018 Siv K. Lauvset, Ailin Brakstad, Kjetil Våge, Are Olsen, Emil Jeansson, Kjell Arne Mork, published by Stockholm University Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Volume 70 (2018): Issue 1