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Self-reported health and sickness benefits among parents of children with a disability Cover

Self-reported health and sickness benefits among parents of children with a disability

Scandinavian Journal of Disability Research
Volume 18 (2016): Issue 3
By:  and    
Open Access
|Jul 2016
Figures & tables

Figures & Tables

Table 1.

Characteristics of respondents included in the analysis.

MothersMothers of a child with a disabilityMenFathers of a child with a disabilityAgea****** Mean (SD)42.8 (7.5)37.5 (6.0)44.7 (6.0)42.3 (5.2)(N)(14,323)(713)(12,215)(400)Married (1996)****** Yes66.660.061.580.8(N)(9461)(428)(7482)(352)Educational level (1996)***ns Primary School20.814.519.919.0 Secondary School53.365.555.157.4 Higher education25.920.025.123.6(N)(14,197)(705)(12,064)(399)Occupational status in 1996***** Working81.167.292.295.8(N)(10,674)(439)(11,743)(383)Work hours paid per week (1996)***ns 1–19 hours19.527.83.01.2 20–29 hours21.925.91.62.3 30–34 hours12.411.63.03.5 35–40 hours43.033.174.677.1 40 + hours3.21.617.815.8(N)(10,532)(432)(9841)(341)Self-reported health (1996)nsns Bad0.91.41.11.5 Not good17.118.314.714.6 Good60.859.664.063.1 Very good21.320.720.320.9(N)(14,203)(706)(12,142)(398)Long-standing illness (1996) Yes17.020.2*18.719.5ns(N)(2359)(139)(2224)(77)Sickness benefits (if working in 1996) Yes80.589.2***65.778.7***(N)(11,548)(554)(11,214)(432)Mean days on sickness benefits per year after birth of child with a disability/first child (if working in 1996) Mean (SD)22.6 (20.4)29.2 (28.0)***17.0 (18.3)21.8 (25.8)***(N)(9300)(552)(7373)(340)Mean times per year on sickness benefits after birth of child with a disability/first child (if working in 1996) Mean (SD)0.27 (0.21)0.48 (0.54)***0.21 (0.21)0.36 (0.46)***(N)(8586)(550)(7373)(339)

aAll mothers were born during 1946–1976, with a child born before 1996. All men were born during 1946–1966 and fathers of a child with a disability had that child prior to 1996.

*p < .05.

**p < .01.

***p < .001.

Table 2.

Hierarchical regression analysis predicting self-reported health.

MothersMenbSE(B)Betap-valueΔR2bSE(B)Betap-valueΔR2Constant3.520.04.0003.700.05.000Child with a disability (Step 1)−0.110.02−0.04.000.00−0.060.03−0.02.063.00Age (Step 2)−0.020.00−0.18.000.03***−0.020.00−0.17.000.03***Married (Step 3)0.060.010.04.000.00***0.060.010.05.000.00***Education (Step 4).02***.02*** Secondary school0.110.010.09.0000.100.010.08.000 Higher education0.240.020.16.0000.230.020.16.000R2:.05.05

Note: ‘Reporting’: beta values (b), standard errors (SE B), standardized betas (beta), p-value and explained variance (R2) and change in explained variance (ΔR2) (mothers: N = 14,908; men: N = 12,539).

*p < .05.

**p < .01.

***p < .001.

Table 3.

Logistic regression predicting long-standing illness.

MothersMenp-valueOdds ratio (OR)Change in −2LL (sig.)p-valueOdds ratio (OR)Change in −2LL (sig.)Child with a disability (Step 1).0001.565 (.03).1111.230 (.680)Age (Step 2).0001.05192 (.000).0001.0452 (.000)Married (Step 3).0000.8120 (.000).0000.7159 (.000)Education (Step 4)42 (.000)45 (.000) Secondary school.0090.86.0220.88 Higher education.0000.66.0000.64−2LL (total change)12,639 (709)11,203 (642)R2 = Cox & Snell: 0.02
Nagelkerke: 0.03R2 = Cox & Snell: 0.01
Nagelkerke: 0.02

Note: ‘Reporting’: p-value, odds ratio (OR), −2LL and change in −2LL (mothers N = 15,036; men N = 12,615).

*p < .05.

**p < .01.

***p < .001.

Table 4.

Logistic regression predicting sickness benefits after the birth of a child with a disability/first child.

MothersMenp-valueOdds ratioChange in−2LLp-valueOdds ratioChange in −2LLChild with a disability (Step 1).0002.1531 (.000).0002.1231 (.000)Age (Step 2).3411.003 (.102).0001.019 (.002)Married (Step 3).0000.7527 (.000).5590.976 (.010)Education (Step 4)33 (.000)487 (.000) Secondary school.0000.75.0000.69 Higher education.0000.64.0000.28Paid work hours per week (Step 5).9601.000 (.960).0760.953 (.075)−2LL (Total change)10,286 (94)12,444 (538)R2 = Cox & Snell: 0.01
Nagelkerke: 0.01R2 = Cox & Snell: 0.05
Nagelkerke: 0.07

Note: ‘Reporting’: p-value, odds ratio (OR), −2LL and change in −2LL (ΔR2) (mothers N = 12,102; men N = 11,646).

*p < .05.

**p < .01.

***p < .001.

Table 5

. Hierarchical regression analysis predicting mean days on sickness benefits per year after the birth of a child with a disability/first child.

MothersMenbSE(B)Betap-valueΔR2bSE(B)Betap-valueΔR2Constant20.431.62.00014.012.16.000Child with a disability (Step 1)8.111.030.08.000.01***5.741.050.07.000.00***Age (Step 2)0.130.030.05.000.00***0.290.040.10.000.01***Married (Step 3)−1.840.50−0.04.000.00***−1.700.48−0.05.000.00***Education (Step 4).01***.02*** Secondary school−2.880.61−0.07.000−3.870.56−0.11.000 Higher education−4.710.67−0.10.000−8.090.67−0.18.000Paid work hours per week (Step 5)0.140.180.01.447.00−1.340.29−0.06.000.00***R2:.02.04

Notes: ‘Reporting’: beta values (b), standard errors (SE B), standardized betas (beta), p-value and explained variance (R2) and change in explained variance (ΔR2) (mothers N = 8732; men N = 6607). Only respondents who were working in 1996 and who had received sickness benefits during the period 1990–2005 were included in the analysis.

*p < .05.

**p < .01.

***p < .001.

Table 6.

Hierarchical regression analysis predicting mean times on sickness benefits per year after the birth of a child with a disability/first child.

MothersMenbSE(B)Betap-valueΔR2bSE(B)Betap-valueΔR2Constant0.290.02.0000.280.03.000Child with a disability (Step 1)0.230.010.20.000.04***0.150.010.14.000.02***Age (Step 2)0.000.000.00.761.000.000.000.01.643.00Married (Step 3)−0.030.01−0.05.000.00***−0.020.01−0.03.008.00**Education (Step 4).00***.01** Secondary school−0.020.01−0.04.005−0.020.01−0.05.001 Higher education−0.030.01−0.06.000−0.080.01−0.14.000Paid work hours per week (Step 5)0.000.000.02.115.00−0.010.00−0.03.009.00**R2:.04.03

Notes: ‘Reporting’: beta values (b), standard errors (SE B), standardized betas (beta), p-value and explained variance (R2) and change in explained variance (ΔR2) (mothers N = 8729; men N = 6607). Only respondents who were working in 1996 and who had received sickness benefits during the period 1990–2005 were included in the analysis.

*p < .05.

**p < .01.

***p < .001.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15017419.2015.1063544 | Journal eISSN: 1745-3011
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Language: English
Page range: 210 - 221
Submitted on: Oct 3, 2014
Accepted on: Feb 21, 2015
Published on: Jul 3, 2016
Published by: Stockholm University Press
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Keywords:
Parenting children with disability,
health outcomes,
support system

© 2016 Christian Wendelborg, Jan Tøssebro, published by Stockholm University Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Volume 18 (2016): Issue 3
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