Have a personal or library account? Click to login
Is it Genuine or Pseudo-Forgiveness? Offenders’ Appraisals of Victims’ Expressed Forgiveness as a Function of Engagement in Co-Reflection Cover

Is it Genuine or Pseudo-Forgiveness? Offenders’ Appraisals of Victims’ Expressed Forgiveness as a Function of Engagement in Co-Reflection

Open Access
|Aug 2024

References

  1. 1Adams, G. S., Zou, X., Inesi, M. E., & Pillutla, M. M. (2015). Forgiveness is not always divine: When expressing forgiveness makes others avoid you. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 126, 130141. 10.1016/j.obhdp.2014.10.003
  2. 2Andrews, M. (2000). Forgiveness in context. Journal of Moral Education, 29(1), 7586. 10.1080/030572400102943
  3. 3Baumeister, R. F., Exline, J. J., & Sommer, K. L. (1998). The victim role, grudge theory, and two dimensions of forgiveness. In E. L. Worthington, Jr. (Ed.), Dimensions of forgiveness (pp. 79104). Templeton Foundation Press.
  4. 4Baumeister, R. F., Stillwell, A., & Wotman, S. R. (1990). Victim and perpetrator accounts of interpersonal conflict: Autobiographical narratives about anger. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59(5), 9941005. 10.1037//0022-3514.59.5.994
  5. 5Berndsen, M., Wenzel, M., Thomas, E. F., & Noske, B. (2018). I feel you feel what I feel: Perceived perspective-taking promotes victims’ conciliatory attitudes because of inferred emotions in the offender. European Journal of Social Psychology, 48(2), O103O120. 10.1002/ejsp.2321
  6. 6Enright, R. D. (2001). Forgiveness is a choice: A step-by-step process for resolving anger and restoring hope. American Psychological Association.
  7. 7Enright, R. D., & Fitzgibbons, R. P. (2015). Forgiveness therapy: An empirical guide for resolving anger and restoring hope. American Psychological Association. 10.1037/14526-000
  8. 8Fehr, R., & Gelfand, M. J. (2012). The forgiving organization: A multilevel model of forgiveness at work. Academy of Management Review, 37, 664688. 10.5465/amr.2010.0497
  9. 9Gabriels, J. B., & Strelan, P. (2018). For whom we forgive matters: Relationship focus magnifies, but self-focus buffers against the negative effects of forgiving an exploitative partner. British Journal of Social Psychology, 57(1), 154173. 10.1111/bjso.12230
  10. 10Gollwitzer, M., & Okimoto, T. G. (2021). Downstream consequences of post-transgression responses: A motive-attribution framework. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 25(4), 275294. 10.1177/10888683211007021
  11. 11Gordon, A. M., & Chen, S. (2016). Do you get where I’m coming from?: Perceived understanding buffers against the negative impact of conflict on relationship satisfaction. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 110(2), 239. 10.1037/pspi0000039
  12. 12Guerrero, L. K., & Bachman, G. F. (2010). Forgiveness and forgiving communication in dating relationships: An expectancy-investment explanation. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 27(6), 801823. 10.1177/0265407510373258
  13. 13Hayes, A. F. (2017). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach. Guilford Press.
  14. 14Karremans, J. C., & Van Lange, P. A. (2004). Back to caring after being hurt: The role of forgiveness. European Journal of Social Psychology, 34(2), 207227. 10.1002/ejsp.192
  15. 15Kelley, D. L., Waldron, V., & Kloeber, D. (2018). A communicative approach to conflict, forgiveness, and reconciliation: Reimagining our relationships. Routledge. 10.4324/9781315166353
  16. 16Lovakov, A., & Agadullina, E. R. (2021). Empirically derived guidelines for effect size interpretation in social psychology. European Journal of Social Psychology, 51(3), 485504. 10.1002/ejsp.2752
  17. 17McCauley, T. G., Billingsley, J., & McCullough, M. E. (2022). An evolutionary psychology view of forgiveness: Individuals, groups, and culture. Current Opinion in Psychology, 44, 275280. 10.1016/j.copsyc.2021.09.021
  18. 18Mooney, L., Strelan, P., & McKee, I. (2016). How forgiveness promotes offender pro-relational intentions: The mediating role of offender gratitude. British Journal of Social Psychology, 55(1), 4464. 10.1111/bjso.12120
  19. 19Okimoto, T. G., & Wenzel, M. (2008). The symbolic meaning of transgressions: Towards a unifying framework of justice restoration. In K. Hegtvedt, & J. Clay-Warner (Eds.), Advances in group processes (pp. 291326). Bingley. 10.1016/S0882-6145(08)25004-6
  20. 20Rapske, D. L., Boon, S. D., Alibhai, A. M., & Kheong, M. J. (2010). Not forgiven, not forgotten: An investigation of unforgiven interpersonal offenses. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 29(10), 11001130. 10.1521/jscp.2010.29.10.1100
  21. 21Schoemann, A. M., Boulton, A. J., & Short, S. D. (2017). Determining power and sample size for simple and complex mediation models. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 8(4), 379386. 10.1177/1948550617715068
  22. 22Stackhouse, M. R., Jones Ross, R. W., & Boon, S. D. (2018). Unforgiveness: Refining theory and measurement of an understudied construct. British Journal of Social Psychology, 57(1), 130153. 10.1111/bjso.12226
  23. 23Strelan, P. (2018). Justice and forgiveness in interpersonal relationships. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 27, 2024. 10.1177/0963721417734311
  24. 24Strelan, P., Crabb, S., Chan, D., & Jones, L. (2017). Lay perspectives on the costs and risks of forgiving. Personal relationships, 24(2), 392407. 10.1111/pere.12189
  25. 25Takada, N., & Ohbuchi, K. I. (2013). True and hollow forgiveness, forgiveness motives, and conflict resolution. International Journal of Conflict Management. 10.1108/10444061311316799
  26. 26Thai, M., Wenzel, M., & Okimoto, T. G. (2023). Transgression-related co-rumination: Scale validation and prediction of relational outcomes. Journal of Family Psychology, 37(3), 335346. 10.1037/fam0001046
  27. 27van Monsjou, E., Muise, A., Fergus, K., & Struthers, C. W. (2022). The development and psychometric properties of the grudge aspect measure. Personal Relationships, 29(3), 622639. 10.1111/pere.12434
  28. 28Waldron, V. R., & Kelley, D. L. (2005). Forgiving communication as a response to relational transgressions. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 22(6), 723742. 10.1177/0265407505056445
  29. 29Wenzel, M., Harous, C., Cibich, M., & Woodyatt, L. (2023). Does victims’ forgiveness help offenders to forgive themselves? The role meta-perceptions of value consensus. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 105, 104433. 10.1016/j.jesp.2022.104433
  30. 30Wenzel, M., Rossi, C., Thai, M., Woodyatt, L., Okimoto, T. G., & Worthington, E. L. (2022). Let’s talk about this: Co-rumination and dyadic dynamics of moral repair following wrongdoing. European Journal of Social Psychology. 10.1002/ejsp.2927
  31. 31Wenzel, M., Woodyatt, L., Okimoto, T. G., & Worthington Jr, E. L. (2021). Dynamics of moral repair: Forgiveness, self-forgiveness, and the restoration of value consensus as interdependent processes. Personality and social psychology bulletin, 47(4), 607626. 10.1177/0146167220937551
  32. 32Wohl, M. J., Kuiken, D., & Noels, K. A. (2006). Three ways to forgive: A numerically aided phenomenological study. British Journal of Social Psychology, 45(3), 547561. 10.1348/014466605X53695
  33. 33Woodyatt, L., Wenzel, M., Okimoto, T. G., & Thai, M. (2022). Interpersonal transgressions psychological loss: Understanding moral repair as dyadic, reciprocal, and interactionist. Current Opinion in Psychology, 44, 711. 10.1016/j.copsyc.2021.08.018
  34. 34Worthington, E. L. (2001). Five steps to forgiveness: The art and science of forgiving. Crown Publishers.
  35. 35Worthington, E. L. (2019). Understanding forgiveness of other people: Definitions, theories, and processes. In E. L. Worthington, & N. G. Wade (Eds.), Handbook of forgiveness (pp. 1121). Routledge. 10.4324/9781351123341-2
  36. 36Worthington, E. L., & Wade, N. G. (1999). The psychology of unforgiveness and forgiveness and implications for clinical practice. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 18(4), 385418. 10.1521/jscp.1999.18.4.385
  37. 37Zechmeister, J. S., & Romero, C. (2002). Victim and offender accounts of interpersonal conflict: Autobiographical narratives of forgiveness and unforgiveness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 82(4), 675. 10.1037/0022-3514.82.4.675
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/irsp.887 | Journal eISSN: 2397-8570
Language: English
Submitted on: Nov 6, 2023
Accepted on: Aug 1, 2024
Published on: Aug 19, 2024
Published by: Ubiquity Press
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year

© 2024 Blake Quinney, Michael Wenzel, Michael Thai, Tyler Okimoto, Lydia Woodyatt, published by Ubiquity Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.