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Can ChatGPT evaluate research quality? Cover
By: Mike Thelwall  
Open Access
|May 2024

Figures & Tables

Figure 1.

The average REF star rating given by the REF D GPT against the author’s prior evaluation of the REF score of 51 of his open access articles.
The average REF star rating given by the REF D GPT against the author’s prior evaluation of the REF score of 51 of his open access articles.

Figure 2.

The range of REF star ratings given by the REF D GPT against the author’s prior evaluation of the REF score of 51 of his open access articles. The area of each bubble is proportional to the number of times the y axis score was given by ChatGPT to the x axis article. My REF scores are marked on the x axis.
The range of REF star ratings given by the REF D GPT against the author’s prior evaluation of the REF score of 51 of his open access articles. The area of each bubble is proportional to the number of times the y axis score was given by ChatGPT to the x axis article. My REF scores are marked on the x axis.

The scores given by ChatGPT-4 REF D and me to 51 of my open access articles_

ScoreGPT%Me%
1*00.0%24%
1.5*00.0%36%
2*141.8%1224%
2.33*10.1%00%
2.5*20.3%918%
2.67*20.3%00%
2.75*00.0%12%
3*50966.5%816%
3.33*91.2%00%
3.5*141.8%714%
3.67*152.0%00%
4*19926.0%918%
Total765100.0%51100%

Pearson correlations for 51 of my open access articles, comparing my initial scores, and scores from ChatGPT-4 REF D_

CorrelationAll articlesArticles scored 2.5+ by meArticles scored 3+ by me
GPT average vs. author (95% CI)0.5090.2000.246
(0.271,0.688)(-0.148,0.504)(-0.175,0.590)
GPT vs. author, average of 15 pairs (fraction of 95% Cis excluding 0)0.2810.1020.128
(8/15)(1/15)(1/15)
GPT vs. GPT (average of 105 pairs)0.2450.1940.215
Sample size (articles)513424
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jdis-2024-0013 | Journal eISSN: 2543-683X | Journal ISSN: 2096-157X
Language: English
Page range: 1 - 21
Submitted on: Feb 6, 2024
Accepted on: Apr 22, 2024
Published on: May 27, 2024
Published by: Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Science Library
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year

© 2024 Mike Thelwall, published by Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Science Library
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.