Do Birds of a Feather Always Flock Together? Deep-Level Diversity as an Organizing Social Principle for Task-Relevant Relationships

Wax, Amy; Warren, Catherine

Do Birds of a Feather Always Flock Together? Deep-Level Diversity as an Organizing Social Principle for Task-Relevant Relationships

Connections

Volume 44 (2024): Issue 1 (January 2024)

By: Amy Wax and Catherine Warren

Open Access

|Feb 2024

Figures & Tables

Sociogram depicting hindrance relationships, with node shade indicating political preference. (n = number of individuals = 417; black = democratic; gray = republican; white = other/no response).

Sociogram depicting TMS relationships, with node shade indicating sexual orientation. (n = number of individuals = 417; black = heterosexual; gray = nonheterosexual). TMS, transactive memory system.

ERGM revealing the impact of deep-level homophily on social tie formation_

Parameter	Liking (AIC = 532.00; BIC = 598.10)			Trust (AIC = 915.70; BIC = 981.90)
Parameter	Effect estimate	SE	Odds ratio	Effect estimate	SE	Odds ratio
Covariates
edges	2.45^*	0.71	—	1.60^*	0.48	—
nodeifactor
Nonheterosexual	−0.64	0.50	0.53	−0.07	0.37	0.93
Republican	0.31	0.47	1.36	−0.29	0.28	0.75
Other political preference	−0.14	0.38	0.87	−0.24	0.26	0.79
Female	−0.10	0.39	0.90	−0.09	0.26	0.91
Other gender	1.08	0.86	2.94	0.39	0.61	1.48
nodeofactor
Nonheterosexual	0.76	0.60	2.14	0.28	0.38	1.32
Republican	0.28	0.45	1.32	0.19	0.30	1.21
Other political preference	0.13	0.39	1.14	−0.05	0.26	0.95
Female	−0.29	0.40	0.75	−0.19	0.26	0.83
Other gender	−1.47	0.84	0.23	−0.38	0.60	0.68
nodematch
Gender	0.07	0.39	1.07	0.08	0.25	1.08
Deep-level homophily (nodematch)
Sexual orientation	−0.06	0.48	0.94	−0.14	0.35	0.87
Political preference	0.24	0.36	1.27	−0.12	0.23	0.89

Binary logistic regression predicting performance for lowest- and highest-performing teams (t = 113)_

Parameter	Beta	SE	Odds ratio
Gender diversity (covariate)	−1.34	1.21	0.26
Sexual orientation diversity	−0.08	1.22	0.92
Political preference diversity	2.25^*	1.23	9.52

ERGM revealing the impact of deep-level homophily on task-relevant tie formation_

Parameter	TMS (AIC = −233,251.00; BIC = −233,185.00)			Hindrance (AIC = −237,997.00; BIC = −237,931.00)
Parameter	Effect estimate	SE	Odds ratio	Effect estimate	SE	Odds ratio
Covariates
edges	−5.98^***	0.27	—	−10.05^***	0.85	—
nodeifactor
Nonheterosexual	0.06	0.21	1.06	0.72	0.47	2.05
Republican	0.16	0.18	1.17	0.12	0.44	1.13
Other political preference	0.18	0.15	1.20	0.17	0.36	1.19
Female	−0.02	0.15	0.98	0.66	0.54	1.93
Other gender	−0.43	0.34	0.65	−0.44	0.98	0.64
nodeofactor
Nonheterosexual	−0.44	0.22	0.64	−0.52	0.55	0.59
Republican	−0.33	0.18	0.72	−0.55	0.54	0.58
Other political preference	0.09	0.15	1.09	0.55	0.34	1.73
Female	0.02	0.15	1.02	1.14^*	0.56	3.13
Other gender	0.45	0.35	1.57	1.86^*	0.85	6.42
nodematch
Gender	0.41^**	0.14	1.51	−0.28	0.52	0.76
Deep-level homophily (nodematch)
Sexual orientation	−0.41^*	0.20	0.66	0.55	0.45	1.73
Political preference	0.12	0.14	1.13	0.69^*	0.31	1.99

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/connections-2019.048 | Journal eISSN: 2816-4245 | Journal ISSN: 0226-1766

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Language: English

Page range: 113 - 129

Published on: Feb 18, 2024

Published by: International Network for Social Network Analysis (INSNA)

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 1 issue per year

Keywords:

Deep-level diversity,

Decision making,

Teams

Related subjects:

Social sciences,

Social sciences, other

© 2024 Amy Wax, Catherine Warren, published by International Network for Social Network Analysis (INSNA)
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

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Do Birds of a Feather Always Flock Together? Deep-Level Diversity as an Organizing Social Principle for Task-Relevant Relationships

Figures & Tables

Figure 1:

Figure 2:

ERGM revealing the impact of deep-level homophily on social tie formation_

Binary logistic regression predicting performance for lowest- and highest-performing teams (t = 113)_

ERGM revealing the impact of deep-level homophily on task-relevant tie formation_

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