Papillomaviruses: HPV as the etiological factor of head and neck cancers

Wiciński, Michał; Leis, Kamil; Malinowski, Bartosz; Węclewicz, Mateusz Maciej; Grześk, Elżbieta; Grześk, Grzegorz

doi:10.21307/PM-2018.57.1.033

Abstract

Wirus HPV, należący do Papillomaviridae, powoduje raka jąder, płuc, głowy oraz szyi. Obecnie szacuje się, że istnieje około 190 rodzajów HPV. Ponad 700 milionów osób na całym świecie jest zarażonych tym wirusem. W Stanach Zjednoczonych co roku występuje 14 milionów nowych zakażeń. Najczęściej zmiany nowotworowe głowy i szyi powodują wirusy HPV typu 16 i 18. Pacjent zakaża się wirusem poprzez kontakt nabłonka z wirusem lub inną zainfekowaną tkanką nabłonkową, na przykład w efekcie stosunku płciowego. Możliwe jest również przekazywanie patogenu od matki podczas porodu. Choroby związane z HPV to np. rak krtani, leukoplakia, rak migdałków lub choroba Bowena. Dostępne są szczepionki np. 9-walentna szczepionka przeciwko HPV o nazwie Gardasil-9.

1. Wstęp. 2. Budowa HPV. 3. Systematyka. 4. Infekcja. 5. Chorobotwórczość. 6. Leczenie. 7. Szczepionki. 8. Podsumowanie

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Papillomaviruses: HPV as the etiological factor of head and neck cancers

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