<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<rss version="2.0" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom">
    <channel>
        <title>Wirtschaftsdienst Feed</title>
        <link>https://reference-global.com/journal/WD</link>
        <description>Reference Global RSS Feed for Wirtschaftsdienst</description>
        <lastBuildDate>Sun, 25 Oct 2026 14:00:17 GMT</lastBuildDate>
        <docs>https://validator.w3.org/feed/docs/rss2.html</docs>
        <generator>https://github.com/jpmonette/feed</generator>
        <image>
            <title>Wirtschaftsdienst Feed</title>
            <url>https://sciendo-parsed-data-feed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/WD/1792785426192-41434d9f-54e7-4051-b972-b3bcede7dfb6_1.jpg</url>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/journal/WD</link>
        </image>
        <copyright>All rights reserved 2026, ZBW – Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft</copyright>
        <atom:link href="https://reference-global.com/2/rss/journal/WD" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml"/>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Wie wirkt der China-Schock 2.0 auf die deutsche Industrie, und wie sollen wir reagieren?]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/wd-2026-0160</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/wd-2026-0160</guid>
            <pubDate>Sun, 11 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The global expansion of Chinese exports, particularly of technology-intensive products, is hitting the German economy hard. According to estimates, competition from China is likely to have led to a decline in the German economy’s real gross domestic product of around 1.4 per cent between 2019 and 2025; the number of people in employment in the German manufacturing sector is likely to have fallen by around 400,000 as a result. Despite technological catch-up, the competitive advantages of the Chinese economy are likely to be attributable to a large extent to distortions of competition, in particular through heavy industrial subsidies and an undervalued yuan. To create a level playing field, the EU should impose sector-wide countervailing duties – ideally in conjunction with like-minded countries within a countervailing duty club. Price-based countervailing duties are necessary from a regulatory perspective and have a less severe impact than the volume-based instruments currently under discussion in the EU.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Wie wirkt der China-Schock 2.0 auf die deutsche Industrie, und wie sollen wir reagieren?]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/wd-2026-0158</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/wd-2026-0158</guid>
            <pubDate>Sun, 11 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Germany’s export-oriented manufacturing sector is under increasing pressure. Germany’s share of global merchandise exports declined from 8.3% in 2016 to 6.7% in 2025, with export losses now affecting almost the entire manufacturing sector. At the same time, Chinese firms have strengthened their competitive position across a wide range of industries, including the automotive sector. Trade data show that Chinese firms are not only intensifying competition with German exporters in traditional markets such as the European Union, but are also much more strongly positioned in fast-growing emerging and developing economies, thereby consolidating their presence in the markets of the future.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Europäische Zölle gegen China auf dem Prüfstand]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/wd-2026-0159</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/wd-2026-0159</guid>
            <pubDate>Sun, 11 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Additional EU tariffs on Chinese imports are currently under discussion as a response to “China shock 2.0”. Their effectiveness, however, depends on the objective they are meant to serve. In an era of global value chains, tariffs can reduce import dependencies only up to a point. They might burden export-oriented industries and are unlikely to reduce trade imbalances. Nor can they substitute for measures to strengthen competitiveness and innovative capacity. The article sets out the trade-offs at stake and argues for coordinated action with allies rather than acting unilaterally.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Gesetzliche Rentenversicherung: Die Zukunft der Rente mit 63]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/wd-2026-0152</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/wd-2026-0152</guid>
            <pubDate>Sun, 11 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Einkommensteuerreform: Reformdruck bleibt trotz Entlastung]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/wd-2026-0153</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/wd-2026-0153</guid>
            <pubDate>Sun, 11 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Sinkende Dynamik im Glasfaserausbau: Herausforderungen bei der Finanzierung]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/wd-2026-0166</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/wd-2026-0166</guid>
            <pubDate>Sun, 11 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The number of households in Germany connected to, or eligible for, fibre-optic broadband has risen sharply recently. However, recent reports suggest that this momentum could slow down again in the near future. Numerous companies are re-evaluating their expansion targets, meaning that the government’s targets for fibre-optic coverage and take-up are also at risk. In addition to a lack of demand and rising construction costs, rising financing costs following the end of the zero-interest-rate policy are also cited as a cause. We are examining how financing options and terms differ between companies with different ownership structures and business models, and how these companies are responding to the growing challenges. Government support for more affordable loans for businesses, as well as clear rules on the phasing out of copper networks, can help to maintain the momentum of fibre-optic roll-out.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Konjunkturschlaglicht: Wie stark belastet Niedrigwasser die Wirtschaft?]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/wd-2026-0170</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/wd-2026-0170</guid>
            <pubDate>Sun, 11 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Subventionsabbau: Potential für den Strukturwandel in Deutschland]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/wd-2026-0163</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/wd-2026-0163</guid>
            <pubDate>Sun, 11 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This article examines the extent to which reducing subsidies can support economic adjustment processes and create fiscal headroom. It focuses on federal financial aid. A comparison of the official definition with an expanded definition is followed by an assessment of the aid’s level, composition, and dynamics, distinguishing between the portions that are economically justifiable and those that are not. The article concludes by outlining the arguments for a reduction, the reasons why this has not yet occurred, and the conditions necessary for success.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Hat die Mietpreisbremse Auswirkungen auf das Mietwohnungsangebot?]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/wd-2026-0167</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/wd-2026-0167</guid>
            <pubDate>Sun, 11 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[In January 2026, the Federal Constitutional Court ruled that the rent brake (Mietpreisbremse) does not violate the Basic Law and was therefore permitted to be extended. In its decision, the Court also referred to a lack of evidence regarding the adverse effects of the rent brake, particularly concerning the housing supply. The article demonstrates that, whilst there is still a lack of conclusive evidence in German research, international studies on comparable regulations predominantly find that they have a negative effect on the housing supply.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[China-Schock 2.0: Wie sollten Deutschland und die EU reagieren?]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/wd-2026-0157</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/wd-2026-0157</guid>
            <pubDate>Sun, 11 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The growing export and competitive strength of Chinese companies in capital- and technology-intensive products is putting German export-oriented industry under considerable pressure. The contributions to this Zeitgespräch discuss the extent to which the ‘China Shock 2.0’ can be attributed to potential distortions of competition – for example, through heavy subsidisation – and to what extent it reveals relative weaknesses in the German economy compared with the Chinese economy. They examine whether trade policy measures, such as countervailing duties, and industrial policy measures, such as the Industrial Accelerator Act, can improve the competitive conditions and competitiveness of Germany and the EU. Positive effects, such as reducing the burden on businesses and promoting investment and scaling up, should be weighed against adverse consequences, such as more expensive intermediate inputs and increased incentives for defensive innovation in China. Rather than ‘Europe Alone’, measures should be coordinated with like-minded partners.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Europas Automobilhersteller werden Teil der Verteidigungsindustrie]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/wd-2026-0169</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/wd-2026-0169</guid>
            <pubDate>Sun, 11 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The war in Ukraine has fundamentally altered Europe’s security landscape and significantly increased demand for industrial capacity within the defence sector. At the same time, competition from China, Trump’s tariff policy and unused production capacity are putting the European automotive industry under considerable pressure to adapt, making the defence sector increasingly attractive to car manufacturers. Several major manufacturers are already exploring or pursuing partnerships with the defence industry – as a pragmatic response to shrinking civilian markets and growing defence budgets. This article analyses this development against the backdrop of intensifying geopolitical competition and shows that selective integration into military supply chains is the most likely outcome, and that industrial capacity in Europe is increasingly being regarded as a strategic security asset.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Geringe Verbreitung privater Pflegezusatzversicherungen – Implikationen für die Pflegereform]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/wd-2026-0164</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/wd-2026-0164</guid>
            <pubDate>Sun, 11 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[In view of rising long-term care costs and budgetary constraints, reforming the long-term care insurance system to provide effective cover against long-term care risks is becoming increasingly challenging. What role can voluntary supplementary insurance play in this regard? Empirical findings show that voluntary markets have remained small and socially selective. Tax incentives have had little effect on uptake and have essentially led to windfall effects. Broad coverage has only been achieved in compulsory, publicly organised systems. Nevertheless, tax incentives for voluntary supplementary insurance–the policy instrument with the weakest evidence base–are once again under discussion. This article examines this approach from a health economics and international perspective, reviews the available evidence and highlights implications for long-term care reform.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Bürokratieabbau: Umsetzung erfordert Anreize]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/wd-2026-0154</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/wd-2026-0154</guid>
            <pubDate>Sun, 11 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Arbeitsmarktintegration: Pfadabhängigkeiten und Empfehlungen für neue Zuwanderungsregionen]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/wd-2026-0165</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/wd-2026-0165</guid>
            <pubDate>Sun, 11 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Demographic change and the shrinking workforce are increasing the demand for international skilled workers and employees in many structurally weak regions. However, their integration into the labor market is often hindered by structural, institutional, and societal barriers. Based on regional data and qualitative research, this paper examines the underlying path dependencies and, using the Burgenland district as a case study, derives economic policy recommendations for emerging immigration regions.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Außenhandel: Chinas EU-Politik]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/wd-2026-0156</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/wd-2026-0156</guid>
            <pubDate>Sun, 11 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Wie aus geoökonomischer Restriktion Innovation entsteht: Lehren aus dem USA-China-Konflikt]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/wd-2026-0162</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/wd-2026-0162</guid>
            <pubDate>Sun, 11 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Geoeconomic restrictions are increasingly used to constrain rivals‘ access to markets, technologies and critical inputs. Yet restrictions also change the incentives of the targeted economy: they can create markets for substitutes, raise the return to innovation, mobilise industrial policy and redirect talent toward strategic bottlenecks. This article develops the idea of defensive innovation and examines Bao et al. (2025), who show that exposure to the U.S.-China technology conflict shifted Chinese labour demand and university admissions toward R&amp;D-intensive and STEM fields. The policy lesson is not that restrictions necessarily fail, but that their long-run effectiveness cannot be inferred from short-run disruption alone.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[China-Schock 2.0 trifft Deutschland: Was kann der Industrial Accelerator Act leisten?]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/wd-2026-0161</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/wd-2026-0161</guid>
            <pubDate>Sun, 11 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[China Shock 2.0 exposes weaknesses in German competitiveness and puts the export model under pressure in core industries. This article assesses the EU’s proposed Industrial Accelerator Act as part of the European response. We argue that low-carbon and origin criteria in public procurement and the allocation of grants can support investment, scaling and resilience where they are technology-specific and preserve competition. Yet they are not the best instrument to address market distortions associated with Chinese industrial policy. Long-term competitiveness requires a broader policy mix of trade policy, reliable climate policy, targeted resilience measures and better framework conditions.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Besteuerung von Ehegatten: Fiskalische und distributive Wirkungen aktueller Reformoptionen]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/wd-2026-0168</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/wd-2026-0168</guid>
            <pubDate>Sun, 11 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The German system of income splitting for married couples has recently re-emerged as a subject of political debate. This paper examines possible reforms of the system, ranging from its complete abolition to family-oriented taxation models. The study employs a microdata-based tax simulation to evaluate the redistributive effects of these reforms across different household types and income groups, with a particular focus on intra-household impacts. Our findings suggest that the factor method provided for under § 39f EStG, as applied to payroll tax withholding, can help reduce gender inequality and promote a more equitable distribution of the tax burden among households. Combined with higher child tax credits, the method may also provide more effective financial support for families.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Fußball: Der gescheiterte Infantino-Coup]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/wd-2026-0155</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/wd-2026-0155</guid>
            <pubDate>Sun, 11 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Die Half Budget City als Chance kommunaler Neuorientierung]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/wd-2026-0151</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/wd-2026-0151</guid>
            <pubDate>Sun, 11 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
    </channel>
</rss>