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            <title><![CDATA[From Demography to Development: Investigating the Manufacturing Pathway to Growth in Nigeria]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/vjes-2025-0014</link>
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            <pubDate>Wed, 27 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Nigeria’s rapid population growth and persistent industrial underperformance have raised concerns about the country’s growth trajectory. Previous research often analyses these variables independently, thereby missing their potential synergy. This research explores whether population growth can spur economic growth when channeled through the manufacturing sector’s absorptive capacity. Using annual data between 1981 and 2024, the study utilizes the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach with an interaction term (Population Growth × Manufacturing Output) controlled by inflation, exchange rate, and gross capital formation. The findings show that population growth and manufacturing output have independent negative long-run effects on GDP. Their interaction revealed a positive and significant effect, implying that population pressure can sustain growth when supported by strong manufacturing sector output. Inflation and exchange rate volatility were found to destabilize output significantly. The study concludes that Nigeria’s population is a development asset only if supported by a strong manufacturing base. It recommends that integrated demographic-industrial policy, improved infrastructure and credit access, and macroeconomic stabilization to translate the demographic dividend into a long-run growth.]]></description>
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            <title><![CDATA[Building Trust at Workplace as a Construct of an Enhanced Organizational Culture: A Conceptual Framework]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/vjes-2025-0018</link>
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            <pubDate>Wed, 27 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[AbstractThis paper offers a critical review of the literature exploring the building and development of trust in the workplace as a factor affecting human resource management in the organization. Trust is a construct built over time; thus, it depends essentially on the nature of the trusting relationship, which entails a double challenge: earning and winning trust. Our contribution highlights the linkage between HRM and trust in the Workplace. This paper aims to respond to the following question: How can trust in the workplace be a significant factor affecting human resource management?In this paper, the author uses a critical review method to provide a deep analytical evaluation of the concept of trust in the workplace as a real tool for human resource management. Then the author provides a conceptual framework.]]></description>
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            <title><![CDATA[Symbolic Disruption and Brand Identity in Luxury: The ‘Made in China’ Backlash in the Digital Age]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/vjes-2025-0015</link>
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            <pubDate>Wed, 27 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This article investigates the influence of social media on brand identity in the luxury sector, focusing on the 2025 reputational crisis triggered by revelations about Chinese manufacturing origins. Drawing on an interdisciplinary framework that combines marketing, crisis communication, social psychology, and digital sociology, the study examines consumer reactions on Weibo, Twitter, and Instagram, and their impact on brand perception. Through sentiment analysis, financial data from LVMH, Prada, and Kering, and digital discourse monitoring, the research assesses the magnitude and dynamics of the backlash. Findings reveal a significant decline in stock value, consumer trust, and sentiment polarity, despite diverse brand response strategies. Ultimately, the study highlights the persistent tension between artisanal heritage and globalized production, raising critical questions about transparency, authenticity, and narrative coherence in the management of luxury brands in the digital era.]]></description>
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            <title><![CDATA[Towards a New International Order or Towards Chaos]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/vjes-2025-0013</link>
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            <pubDate>Wed, 27 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This article examines the conditions shaping the new international order, or rather, chaos. The West’s global dominance, under the banner of liberal democracy and globalization, which began after the end of the Second World War, is coming to an end with the major gathering in Tianjin, China, on 31 August and 1 September. Donald Trump seems to want to cooperate more with Putin and the Chinese leader than with the EU, from which he is hastening to distance himself amid the EU’s current decline. The new American leader is not interested in the rest of the world, but only in America, which he will try to make great again with the help of tariffs. The new international order will be multipolar, dominated by the integrated South, with its own leadership and specifications that will be completely different from those of the West. However, it is doubtful that this new international order, which will no longer be governed by international law, will not lead to chaos, the return of wars and the primacy of force, according to Thucydides.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
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            <title><![CDATA[Assessing the Impact of Algeria’s Trade Policies on Foreign Trade Dynamics]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/vjes-2025-0017</link>
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            <pubDate>Wed, 27 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This paper examines how successive trade policy changes affected Algeria’s foreign trade dynamics from 1993 to 2025. Algeria moved through six distinct phases: from state monopoly over trade, through forced liberalization under IMF conditionality in 1994, an EU Association Agreement in 2005, a protectionist turn after 2014, and a current diversification strategy.Despite these shifts, hydrocarbons consistently accounted for over 90% of total export revenues throughout the period. The trade balance tracked global oil prices with near-mechanical precision, while import restriction policies reduced GDP without generating domestic substitution. Non-hydrocarbon exports tripled between 2017 and 2023 to reach 5.1 billion dollars, but represent less than 10% of the total.The paper draws on official trade statistics from the Algerian Directorate General of Customs, IMF reports, and peer-reviewed empirical literature. Findings confirm that trade policy has shaped import volumes more decisively than export composition, and that sustainable trade diversification requires broader institutional and productive capacity reforms beyond tariff management.]]></description>
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            <title><![CDATA[Digital Transformation and AI Readiness in the European Union: Empirical Evidence from the Internet–GDP–AI Readiness Correlation]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/vjes-2025-0011</link>
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            <pubDate>Wed, 27 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The literature review on digital transformation and Knowledge Society indicates positive relationships between digital infrastructure, economic development, and institutional capacity to integrate advanced technologies, but few studies explicitly compare these dimensions in the European Union, including readiness for artificial intelligence (AI). The paper addresses this gap by examining the correlations between internet use, GDP per capita and the Government AI Readiness score. The aim is to highlight how digital infrastructure and economic maturity condition the capacity of Member States to integrate AI technologies in the Knowledge Society. The analysis is based exclusively on secondary data: Eurostat indicators and the Oxford Insights 2021-2024 set, processed and harmonized in Python for all EU Member States. The results highlight positive correlations between internet penetration and GDP, respectively between GDP and the level of AI Readiness, confirming that economic and digital development facilitate the integration of AI in public administration. The added value lies in the integration of three official data sources into a common framework, providing an empirical perspective on European digital maturity. The study aligns with digital governance literature and extends the analysis to the AI dimension. Limitations relate to the cross-sectional nature of the data and the lack of intra-national detail; future research could include time series, digital skills indicators and causal models.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
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            <title><![CDATA[The Impact of Digital Transformation on Traditional Business Models. A Systematic Literature]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/vjes-2025-0020</link>
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            <pubDate>Wed, 27 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Digital transformation is reshaping how traditional firms create, deliver, and capture value, but existing research remains fragmented across technological, economic, and strategic perspectives. This paper applies a systematic literature review to 37 peer-reviewed articles examining the impact of digital transformation on traditional business models. The analysis identifies three main thematic areas: (1) technological drivers, algorithms, and data implementation; (2) economic growth, labour markets, and inequality; and (3) strategic management, marketing, and consumer trust. In addition, several recurring patterns are observed, including the growing role of platforms, increased reliance on data-driven decision-making, changes in work arrangements, and heightened attention to trust and ESG-related issues. The review also highlights methodological, theoretical, and contextual gaps, such as the scarcity of longitudinal studies, limited integration across disciplinary perspectives, and the relative neglect of traditional industries and less developed regions. The paper closes with implications for future research, managerial practice, and policy.]]></description>
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            <title><![CDATA[From Financial Education to Savings - Foundation for the Sustainable Development of Small Traders in the Nyawera Market in the City of Bukavu, DRC]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/vjes-2025-0019</link>
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            <pubDate>Wed, 27 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The aim of this research is to analyze the influence of the determinants of financial education related to savings on the business performance of small traders at Nyawera Market in Bukavu, the capital of South Kivu Province in the DRC. It revealed that factors such as cognitive ability, information processing, and financial literacy improve financial education, which, in turn, has a positive effect on business performance, thus establishing a strong indirect link between these determinants and the success of small traders. Consequently, according to our qualitative survey of 50 traders, strengthening financial education is essential for local and sustainable development, as it encourages prosperity and the adoption of environmentally friendly practices. This creates a balance between the economic and environmental pillars of sustainable development.]]></description>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Bibliometric Analysis on the Evolution of Digital Platforms. Future Research Perspectives]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/vjes-2025-0016</link>
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            <pubDate>Wed, 27 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The purpose of this article is to conduct a bibliometric analysis aimed at identifying the major research directions and the scholarly impact associated with digital platforms. The study pursues two core objectives: (1) evaluating the performance of digital platforms through specific bibliometric indicators, and (2) mapping the scientific landscape related to digital platform research. The analysis draws on both national and international literature. Methodologically, the study employs a quantitative approach using bibliometric techniques and the analysis of several indicators relevant to the field. The dataset comprises 706 publications published between 1975 and 2024. The findings reveal a clear trend toward the expansion and consolidation of research on digital platforms. The conclusions emphasize the growing relevance of this domain for specialists in both economic and academic environments).]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Organizational Accounting and Control]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/vjes-2025-0012</link>
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            <pubDate>Wed, 27 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Currently, the incorporation of artificial intelligence into organizational accounting and control can enhance the efficiency of these functions and data processing. Artificial intelligence speeds up error detection and rectification while reducing disparities in the initial data entry. The accounting teams within the organization exhibit a discernible impact, characterized by a decline in lower-skilled jobs and an emphasis on responsibilities that require extensive knowledge and the implementation of specialized control systems. The emphasis of accounting and control professionals will transition – grounded in financial and accounting data – toward data interpretation and decision-making counsel, as specialised knowledge and abilities are necessary for these functions. The objective of the study is to demonstrate the extent to which artificial intelligence may be utilized in accounting and control within organizations to enhance the execution of these functions.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Digital Strategy: A Case Study in the Municipality of Ferreira do Zêzere, Portugal]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/vjes-2025-0001</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 29 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This research analyses the relevance of digital channels for the municipality of Ferreira do Zêzere (MFZ), focusing on management and their alignment with digital communication best practices. The main objective is to assess MFZ’s current digital strategy and propose improvements. The qualitative methodology included document analysis and interviews with staff from the communication department. The results reveal that the digital strategy is not formally defined; however, there are effective informal actions, particularly on social media. Nonetheless, challenges remain, such as a lack of specialized human resources and insufficient technological investment. The proposed improvements include applying the 8 Ps of the marketing mix and the AIDA model to enhance and optimize the existing digital strategy. It is concluded that, despite the limitations, MFZ is improving its digital communication. Investment in technological capacity building, continuous training, and marketing tools is recommended.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[The Effectiveness of Business Incubators in Empowering Young Entrepreneurs in Algeria: Policies and Practices]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/vjes-2025-0002</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 29 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The research aimed to assess the reality of business incubators in Algeria and understand their role in empowering young entrepreneurs and start-ups. The study concludes that Algerian authorities have made significant efforts, particularly at the regulatory and legislative levels, to stimulate business incubators. These have also contributed to the establishment of numerous innovative projects. However, business incubators continue to face challenges, including a lack of human expertise and limited funding, which requires unique reforms to improve their work.]]></description>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Some Determinants of Income Inequality in Asia and Latin America]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/vjes-2025-0003</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 29 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Income inequality has, in recent years, become a serious issue especially in emerging markets. This paper examines the relationship of income inequality in the Asia-Pacific and Latin America regions to several factors such as gross capital formation, corruption, and per capita gross domestic product (GDP). Using a cross-sectional dataset of 36 countries from both regions for the year 2018 and ordinary least squares regression, the paper shows that gross capital formation and the lack of corruption have a negative and significant relationship with income inequality (as represented by the Gini coefficient). In contrast, per capita GDP has a positive and significant relationship with income inequality. Policymakers who want to rein in income inequality should therefore focus on ways to reduce corruption and increase the formation of capital. This study could be of use for those who are interested in discovering and mitigating the factors that cause income inequality in the developing world.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Climate Change and Transition to a Green Economy for Sustainable Development: Study of Pilot Projects and Policies in Algeria and Uzbekistan]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/vjes-2025-0004</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 29 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The phenomenon of climate change in the world has driven the transition towards a green economy by urging States and Governments to establish best practices to make the best use of the potential of a green economy for the benefit of each region. The purpose of this study is to highlight the various policies and measures taken by the States of Algeria and Uzbekistan to address the climate challenges and to transform into a green economy for sustainable development. Algeria and Uzbekistan are leading models in this area in Africa and the Central Asian region.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Correlation and Regression Modeling of the Influence of Money Supply on the Inflation Rate in Romania]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/vjes-2025-0005</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 29 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The paper explores the relationship between the money supply and the inflation rate in Romania, focusing on the use of regression methods to model and analyze the influence. The main objective of the study is to assess to what extent changes in the money supply affect inflation in an emerging economy like Romania’s. Using historical macroeconomic data, the regression analysis identifies significant correlations between the selected variables and quantifies the impact of the money supply on price dynamics. The results contribute to the understanding of the economic mechanisms governing monetary policy and provide relevant insights for policymakers in managing inflation and ensuring economic stability. The conclusions indicate a strong link between the growth of the money supply and inflation, with important implications for future monetary policy.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Financial Inclusion and Private Sector Development in ECCAS Countries]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/vjes-2025-0006</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 29 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The objective of this study is to analyse the effect of financial inclusion on the development of the private sector in ECCAS countries. It considers a panel of eight (08) countries over the period 2005 - 2019. The data used are secondary and come from the World Development Indicators database. A regression using the fixed-effects method reveals, on the one hand, that available gross savings as a percentage of GDP has a positive effect on private gross fixed capital formation as a percentage of GDP and, on the other hand, that domestic credit to the private sector as a percentage of GDP has a positive effect on private gross fixed capital formation as a percentage of GDP. All in all, therefore, financial inclusion has a positive and significant effect on the development of the private sector in the eight ECCAS countries considered. It is therefore of the utmost importance to promote savings and access to credit on a large scale in order to finance the development of the private sector in the ECCAS countries, which will of course lead to economic growth.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Insurance In Morocco: Current Status and Future Prospects]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/vjes-2025-0007</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 29 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This article aims to provide a better understanding of the current state of the insurance market in Morocco. It also seeks to discuss the necessary conditions for leveraging the sector’s potential and increasing its penetration rate. This involves analyzing the regulatory and legal framework governing the insurance industry, exploring the market structure, examining the dynamics of supply and demand, and addressing the current challenges faced by the sector. The adopted methodology is based on a rigorous documentary analysis and the collection of secondary data from reliable sources, such as ACAPS. The study’s findings reveal that the Moroccan insurance sector is experiencing sustained growth, as evidenced by the increasing volume of issued premiums, particularly in the life insurance and automobile insurance segments. However, this growth is accompanied by a high market concentration, where a small number of large companies dominate a significant share of issued premiums, thereby limiting competition and the emergence of new players. Additionally, the market is characterized by significant entry barriers, including strict legal requirements for obtaining licenses, which hinder innovation and the diversification of insurance offerings. The article also highlights the untapped potential of the Moroccan market in the segments of inclusive and innovative insurance, emphasizing the importance of developing insurance products tailored to the needs of underinsured populations. Among the proposed recommendations, the study stresses the need to ease market entry and exit conditions, diversify and digitize insurance offerings, and enhance competition, particularly in the motor liability insurance segment. Finally, the article calls for strengthening consumer protection by simplifying contractual relationships and regulating insurance comparison platforms to ensure healthy competition and greater transparency. These measures aim to position Morocco as a regional leader in the insurance sector, responding to both local challenges and global market dynamics.]]></description>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Romania’s Place and Competitiveness in International Tourism]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/vjes-2025-0008</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 29 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[International tourism plays an essential role in the global economy, contributing significantly to economic growth, developing local communities and stimulating infrastructure investment. In this context, the competitiveness of a destination becomes a determining factor in attracting international tourist flows, influenced by the quality of services, accessibility and marketing strategies. The paper examines the evolution of international tourism, focusing on Romania’s position and competitiveness in this sector. The analysis includes statistics on tourist accommodation, arrivals and overnight stays, providing a detailed picture of global trends and how they have influenced tourism in Romania. Tourist expenditure and external factors that affected tourism such as threats and opportunities during the period are also presented. The paper evaluates the tourist offer and the activity in the tourism sector, comparing them with other international destinations. Through this analysis, both the strengths and the challenges facing Romania are highlighted, highlighting its growth potential and the strategic directions needed to improve its competitiveness on the international tourism market.]]></description>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[New Approaches to Funding Mechanisms for the Revitalization of Rural Communities]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/vjes-2025-0009</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 29 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Rural development is a key challenge in the European Union given the economic and social disparities between urban and rural areas. Rural communities are facing depopulation, an ageing population and limited access to essential services, which calls for sustainable financing solutions. This article analyzes the context of rural development in Europe, highlighting the economic, social and technological transformations of rural areas and their impact on communities. Policies and regulations supporting rural development are also addressed, emphasizing the need for solutions tailored to local needs. The conclusions highlight the importance of an integrated strategy for the sustainable revitalization of rural areas.]]></description>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[The Impact of the Geopolitical Situation on Inflation in the Current Period]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/vjes-2025-0010</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 29 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[In a global context marked by conflict and instability, the impact of war on the economy and, in particular, on inflation becomes a topic of major importance. However, there is a lack of detailed studies on the effects of contemporary conflicts on inflation in Romania. This study aims to fill this gap by analyzing the impact generated by recent conflicts, especially the war between Russia and Ukraine and the COVID-19 pandemic, on the inflation rate in Romania in the period 2005-2023. The methodology used involves an econometric analysis of macroeconomic data from this period, combined with a qualitative examination of applied economic policies. The main findings indicate that these events had a significant effect on the evolution of inflation, influencing both internal and external factors of the Romanian economy. The study adds value to the existing literature by providing an updated and detailed perspective on how global events affect inflation in an emerging economy like Romania.]]></description>
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