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        <title>Timisoara Journal of Economics and Business Feed</title>
        <link>https://sciendo.com/journal/TJEB</link>
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            <title>Timisoara Journal of Economics and Business Feed</title>
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            <link>https://sciendo.com/journal/TJEB</link>
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        <copyright>All rights reserved 2026, West University of Timisoara</copyright>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[The Impact of Digitalization on EU Competitiveness and Economic Growth: An Econometric Perspective]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/tjeb-2025-0006</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/tjeb-2025-0006</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 08 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

The impact of digitalization on economic competitiveness depends on many factors such as the structure of each economy, the maturity of public institutions, but also the alignment between technology, education, and these policies. Based on this evidence, we advocate for more targeted digital strategies across the EU, combining tech investment with stronger support for human capital and innovation ecosystems. This paper examines the impact of digital transformation on economic growth and competitiveness within the European Union, with a focus on the new technologies, during 2021-2023. Utilizing panel data from all 27 Member States, we analyze the effects of five key drivers - artificial intelligence (AI), big data use, ICT training, R&amp;D investment, and labor productivity - on GDP dynamics and international competitiveness. Using panel data from all 27 EU Member States, the study evaluates the impact of five key drivers—AI, big data usage, ICT training, R&amp;D investment, and labor productivity—on GDP growth and international competitiveness. The findings create a complex picture in which productivity remains the strongest and most consistent contributor to GDP growth. Big data and R&amp;D spending play a central role in boosting general and digital competitiveness, while AI is beginning to show its potential, even though its broader economic impact remains limited for now. Surprisingly, ICT training appears to support competitiveness but may also reflect short-term inefficiencies in matching skills with labor market needs. The paper illustrates the need for public policies to integrate technology adoption with digital skills development and innovation ecosystems.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Risk Management Applying FMECA in Pharmaceutical Packaging Production: Implementation of ISO 15378:2017 – Case Study]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/tjeb-2025-0005</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/tjeb-2025-0005</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 08 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

The quality of primary pharmaceutical packaging materials is crucial to ensure product safety and regulatory compliance. This study aims to apply the FMECA (Failure Mode, Effects and Criticality Analysis) method to manage risks and improve the production process of pharmaceutical packaging at CENTRA MED, a company in Algeria specialised in the manufacturing of primary packaging for the pharmaceutical and medical industries. The study is part of a project to achieve certification to the ISO 15378:2017 standard. In this case, we adopted a qualitative method based on a research-action approach. We collaborated with internal stakeholders within the company to support them in designing and implementing appropriate tools. Data were collected through observation, document analysis, and interviews. As a result, based on collected data, a FMECA matrix was developed to identify and assess production risks. This enabled the implementation of corrective and preventive actions, evaluation of their effectiveness, and improved control over risks. The approach helped eliminate unacceptable risks, reduce undesirable ones, and strengthen the management of acceptable risks.In the end, the results confirmed the effectiveness of FMECA in optimizing processes and meeting quality requirements. The originality of our study lies in the fact that it fills a gap in the literature, addressing the lack of previous research on the application of FMECA in the implementation of the ISO 15378 standard. Its added value lies in the fact that it led to CENTRA MED achieving ISO 15378:2017 certification.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Greening through Economics: Does Environmental Economics Enhance Pro-Environmental Behaviour?]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/tjeb-2025-0002</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/tjeb-2025-0002</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 08 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

Environmental economics, a subfield of economics, is one of the frameworks developed for understanding and addressing environmental issues. However, the extent to which exposure to such coursework influences students’ real-world environmental behaviour remains underexplored. This study, therefore, sought to assess whether taking an environmental economics translates into tangible pro-environmental behaviours (PEBs) among students, using Kwara State University as a case study. Drawing on Knowledge-Attitude-Behaviour Theory and using a survey-based approach, data were collected from students of economics within the university. A stratified random sample of 202 students of economics was selected—93 in parts 3 and 4 (who had taken environmental economics) and 109 in parts 1 and 2 (who had not taken environmental economics). Data were collected through a structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics, Ordinary Least Squares regression model, and multivariate logit model. The findings reveal that taking environmental economics significantly influenced PEBs and that students exposed to environmental economics engaged more in energy conservation, proper waste disposal, reusing and environmental advocacy than other PEBs. The study also found that socioeconomic factors had a moderating effect on the relationship. The study underscores the importance of integrating environmental economics into economics curricula to promote sustainability. It also highlights the need for institutional support, such as improved access to recycling facilities and campus-wide environmental campaigns, to enhance PEBs.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[How 3D Printing Transforms Existing Business Models: A Literature Review]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/tjeb-2025-0004</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/tjeb-2025-0004</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 08 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

This study explores the transformative impact of 3D printing technology on existing business models. Through a comprehensive literature review, the research identifies how 3D printing reshapes core business model elements, value creation, value capture, and value proposition, by facilitating customization, enabling decentralized production, and simplifying supply chains. A conceptual framework is presented to map the unique characteristics of 3D printing (e.g., additive manufacturing, rapid prototyping, and digital transferability) to these business model elements, providing a roadmap for understanding the interplay between technological innovation and strategic adaptation. The findings suggest that while 3D printing offers firms greater flexibility and innovation potential, challenges such as high initial costs, slower production speeds, and regulatory concerns require continuous strategic adaptation. This review contributes to the emerging literature on the economic implications of 3D printing by highlighting the need to align technological advancements with dynamic business models to secure sustained competitive advantage. Future research should employ empirical investigations to deepen understanding of 3D printing’s impact across diverse industrial contexts. In addition to operational impact, 3DP enables strategic positioning options for firms to support hybrid approaches that combine cost leadership with differentiation through personalisation. This evolution reflect digitalisation, which requires firms to rethink traditional business assumptions. Furthermore, the integration of 3DP with other digital technologies, such artificial intelligence, may create even greater disruptions to business models in an area that requires further exploration. The framework proposed in this study offers a foundation for such future inquiry.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Re-Visiting the Macroeconomic Determinants of Economic Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa Amidst Covid-19]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/tjeb-2025-0001</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/tjeb-2025-0001</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 08 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

Growth strategies play crucial roles in a region undergoing economic transformation that involves new policy formulation and implementation toward sustainable growth and development. In overall, the growth of any economy promotes development when the proceeds from it are appropriately channeled to developmental policies, and this in overall, increase well-being of the people. Therefore, this study revisits the macroeconomic determinants of economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa amidst the coronavirus, 2019, from 1990 to 2023. Using the pooled mean estimation framework introduced by Pesaran et al. (2001) in an autoregressive distributive lag and the Dumitrescu-Hurlin Granger causality, findings show that foreign direct investment, trade openness, human capital, and population promote economic growth in SSA countries. Also, there is a bi-directional relationship between FDI and GDP, SCH and GDP, POP and GDP, OPEN and FDI, SCH and FDI, POP and FDI, POP and OPEN. However, there is a uni-directional relationship between OPEN and GDP, and SCH and OPEN. Then, the study recommends that governments of Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries should promote policies that encourage foreign direct investment and trade openness. Promoting policies to encourage foreign direct investment allows more job opportunities in the host country, create opportunity of exchange of technical know-how, and so on. Also, make provisions for skill acquisitions through vocational training, workshops, and training of the available labour force in the region.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Forecasts on the Imports of Goods and Services in Emerging Economies of the European Union]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/tjeb-2025-0003</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/tjeb-2025-0003</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 08 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

The paper provides a statistical analysis of imports from seven emerging economies of the European Union during the period 1995-2023 and presents forecasts for the upcoming period. It was found that most of the analyzed countries recorded a significant increase in imports as a percentage of GDP, except for declines in 2009 (financial crisis) and 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic). Hungary and Slovakia experienced the highest increases, exceeding 80-100% of the GDP, while Bulgaria, Romania, Poland, the Czech Republic, and Croatia had a more moderate growth. The correlation analysis of imports in these countries revealed a strong association between Romania, Slovakia, and the Czech Republic, indicating economic integration in the region. Croatia showed lower correlations, suggesting a different import model, more oriented toward tourism. The statistical analysis of imports highlighted significant differences between countries. In Bulgaria, imports followed a cyclical pattern, influenced by economic crises but with an overall upward trend. In the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Poland, imports increased significantly, with stabilization projected for the coming years. In Romania, imports continued to grow after the EU accession, and the forecast suggests moderate growth between 2024 and 2026. In Slovakia, imports showed a steady upward trend after the EU accession and the adoption of the euro, with forecasts indicating slight growth in the coming years. ARIMA models were used for import forecasting, indicating slight fluctuations but with a general trend of stability in the future.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Inflation Dynamics in Tanzania: An Exploratory Review of Reforms, Trends and Challenges]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/tjeb-2024-0008</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/tjeb-2024-0008</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 18 Mar 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

This study explores the inflation dynamics in Tanzania, analyzing the interaction of government policies, domestic factors, and external shock over the past five decades. While the existing literature has examined particular inflation dimensions, a holistic inflation picture is lacking, which this study aims to provide. Through rigorous documentation and review performed quantitatively and qualitatively, inflation trends, the effect of major policy reforms, and inflation management challenges are examined. The findings indicate that inflation has varied considerably with times of high volatility juxtaposed with times of relative stability. Market reforms such as fiscal and trade reforms have strengthened macroeconomic stability and recently contained inflationary pressures. However, structural bottlenecks such as a narrow tax base, low financial inclusion, dominant informal sector and limited institutional capacity persist and confront the effective management of inflation. Global commodity price volatility, the effect of climate change, and political events further exert pressure on prices. Policymakers need to tackle the challenges of inflation management and price stability effectively and holistically. Widening the tax base, improving financial inclusion, strengthening institutions, economic diversification, and reducing the effect of climate change, coupled with the sustainable improvement of macroeconomic management, are the major steps to improve living standards and foster Tanzania’s growth.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Unbundling Socioeconomic Living Condition: Analyzing Environmental Quality Impact on Sustainable Development for Nigeria]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/tjeb-2024-0007</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/tjeb-2024-0007</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 18 Mar 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

Sustainable development is a development strategy that utilizes resources in a manner that ensures their availability for future generations. The study thus, investigates the impact of environmental quality (a component of socioeconomic living conditions) on sustainable development in Nigeria. The influence of biocapacity deficit per capita (measurement for environmental quality) and other macroeconomic variables on human development index (sustainable development’s measurement) is examined using data which range from1999q1 to 2022q2. Having utilized the Autoregressive Distributed Lag framework to evaluate the short-term and the long-term equations, the result reveals that, apart from real per capita gross domestic product and capital investment, which are significant in the short run, biocapacity deficit per capita, urban population and labour force do not exhibit significant effects. However, in the long-run, biocapacity deficit per capita and labour force turned out negatively significant. Interestingly, biocapacity deficit per capita is observed to be sustainable development retarding. The key implication from the outcomes of this research is that the degraded environment retards long-term development sustainability in Nigeria. Therefore, the study recommends extensive reforestation and afforestation efforts to enhance the nation’s degraded lands, restore biodiversity, and boost carbon sequestration. However, despite the insightful findings, key macroeconomic variables like technological innovation and institutional quality that would have explained sustainable development were not factored into the study analysis.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Effects of Globalization on Nigeria’s Stock Market Growth]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/tjeb-2024-0006</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/tjeb-2024-0006</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 18 Mar 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

Globalization is a complex phenomenon that has generated a variety of responses and interpretations. The Nigerian capital market has underperformed compared to its global counterparts, primarily due to government control over the economy and inadequate infrastructure. This study examines the impact of globalization on the growth of Nigeria’s stock market from 1986 to 2023. Utilizing a multiple regression model, the research explores the relationship between globalization and stock market growth. Various statistical methods, including the Granger Causality Test, Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL), and the Augmented Dickey-Fuller Test, were employed to assess the performance of the Nigerian stock market within the context of globalization. The findings reveal that foreign direct investment (FDI) is statistically insignificant, with a p-value of 0.6519. In contrast, trade openness (TOP) is significant at the 10% level, evidenced by a p-value of 0.0649. Additionally, the joint significance of TOP, FDI, and other control variables on market capitalization is confirmed, with an F-statistic probability value of 0.00000, indicating overall relevance. These results suggest that globalization has a small but positive effect on Nigeria’s stock market growth. The study recommends establishing a regulatory body to ensure compliance with market regulations, enhancing transparency, accountability, and fair practices. This regulatory framework would bolster investor confidence, improve financial responsibility, and strengthen the overall economy.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Central Bank Digital Currencies and Financial Stability: Literature Review and New Questions]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/tjeb-2024-0003</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/tjeb-2024-0003</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 22 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

The continuous development of money and payment instruments is a matter of concern for each central bank. As a response to the use of cryptocurrencies, more and more central banks intend to issue digital currencies - the so-called Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC). Information Technology progress and new financial elements determine central banks’ adaptation to these new challenges. All over the world, central banks have explored the opportunity of issuing CBDC at different stages; some banks are conducting research, others are in the testing phase, and only a select few have begun distributing digital currency to the public. Against this background, our review paper aims to analyze the existing literature about central bank digital currency and contextualize it with financial stability. On the one hand, we underline the main research directions on this topic. On the other hand, we use VOSviewer software to identify the most frequent and essential keywords and the nodes between keywords characterizing the link between CBDC and financial stability. We show that CBDC issuance has complex implications for the economic and financial system. Central banks must carefully consider the design features of digital money and the potential benefits and risks of CBDC.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Cryptocurrencies Volatility: Empirical Evidence]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/tjeb-2024-0005</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/tjeb-2024-0005</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 22 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

Cryptocurrencies have rapidly become popular as digital assets, and as the market evolves, it is of great importance to understand their volatility and risk behavior. They present specific challenges and opportunities given that are operating within a decentralized and fast-changing ecosystem. Thus, their volatility affects risk management, investment strategies, and market stability. Cryptocurrency volatility can create both opportunities and risks. While it can provide substantial returns, it also presents challenges in terms of investment strategy, regulatory frameworks, business operations, and economic stability. As the cryptocurrency market matures, it’s likely that solutions to manage volatility will evolve, but it remains a key concern for participants in the ecosystem. In this respect, the aim of the paper is to examine the volatility behavior of the main cryptocurrencies (Bitcoin, Ethereum, and Litecoin), for a recent period, i.e. from June 2018 to June 2023. Using both traditional and advanced GARCH models, the results show that these cryptocurrencies experience periods of high and low volatility, but there is no significant asymmetry effect in their responses. This suggests a balanced risk-return profile for investors. Furthermore, there is no evidence for risk premium within the sample, that is no link between risk and return. Additionally, past volatility has a greater impact on current volatility than new information, since GARCH coefficients are significantly higher than the ARCH coefficients. These insights can help investors, policymakers, and researchers to manage the cryptocurrency markets more effectively.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Forecasts on the Evolution of Human Resources in the Health System in Romania Using the Arima Method]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/tjeb-2024-0004</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/tjeb-2024-0004</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 22 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

In this paper, forecasts are made regarding the number of employees in the public and private health sector in Romania for different professional categories such as: physicians, dentists, pharmacists, family physicians, medical assistants, auxiliary personnel. Using the Dickey-Fuller test, it was initially checked whether the time series were stationary and if not, the first or second difference was applied to make them stationary. Using the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) method with the stages of identification, estimation, diagnosis and prediction, the forecasts for the period 2023-2025 together with the associated confidence intervals were determined, using data provided by the National Institute of Statistics. Regarding the public sector health personnel, a decrease is expected, in general, for the period 2024-2025. Instead, the private sector continues its previous trend of constant growth in the number of employees. Thus, authorities can use these forecasts to adjust strategies for training and recruiting medical personnel according to the estimated need. Forecasts are an essential tool to ensure the balance between demand and supply in the health sector, thus contributing to the improvement of medical services and the long-term sustainability of the health system.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Institutional Quality and Human Capital Development in Nigeria: Is There Any Link?]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/tjeb-2024-0001</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/tjeb-2024-0001</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 22 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

Despite efforts to improve quality human capital, Nigeria consistently scores poorly in the human development index (HDI). The significance of institutions in human development has been emphasized in recent times as countries grapple with achieving sustainable development goals. Studies show that quality institutions provide equitable and fair development opportunities and capabilities to enhance human development. This study, therefore, examined the effect of institutions—corruption, democratic accountability, and government stability on Nigeria’s human capital development index. The ARDL model is employed to analyze data from 1990 to 2022. The outcomes show that a stable political system, high levels of democratic accountability, improved per capita GDP, employment generation, and consistent government spending on essential sectors are all critical for human capital development. Conversely, high rates of poverty and corruption have negative impacts on human capital. The findings lend credence to the intuition that strong institutions have a significant impact on enhancing quality human capital through improved healthcare, education, human capabilities, poverty reduction, employment opportunities, and security. It is therefore recommended that institutional reform that guarantees human development be pursued.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Navigating the Complexities of Performance Management: A Thematic Analysis of Organizational Challenges]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/tjeb-2024-0002</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/tjeb-2024-0002</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 22 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

This paper presents insights into the various challenges managers and employees encounter in implementing and using Performance Management Systems (PMS) within their organizations. The analysis draws on a decade of qualitative data collected from participants of The KPI Institute’s training programs. The primary objective of the paper is to provide an in-depth understanding of the challenges faced by professionals in the field. Data was collected qualitatively, through focus groups organized at the beginning of each training session between 2012-2022. The research employs a thematic analysis approach to categorize and interpret the data collected through focus groups. In addition to the thematic analysis, a narrative analysis provides a richer, contextual understanding of the data. Data reveals seven key themes where participants encountered challenges. The study identified the primary challenges in performance management systems as KPI selection, organizational culture, system implementation, KPI activation, measurement process standardization, learning and improvement, and employee performance management. Participants emphasized that addressing these challenges requires aligning KPIs with strategic objectives, fostering a supportive organizational culture, ensuring accurate data collection and standardization processes, and mitigating subjectivity in employee performance appraisals.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Inclusive Examination of the Association Between CSR and Sustainable Financial Performance in Nigerian Consumer Goods Firms]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/tjeb-2023-0005</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/tjeb-2023-0005</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 09 Aug 2024 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

Business voluntary efforts to improve society and the environment are referred to as corporate social responsibility (CSR). As such, the idea of CSR is embodied in Nigerian enterprises continuous commitment to environmental improvement. Using ten Nigerian consumer goods manufacturers that are listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange, this study looked at the relationship between CSR and long-term financial success over the course of ten years (2012-2021). The study used panel data and multiple linear regression with E-views software. Economic responsibility has a small and negative impact on ROA, whereas legal duty has a substantial and beneficial impact, per the study. ROA is positively and significantly impacted by ethical duty as well. The analysis also showed that while legal obligation has a negligible but modest impact and ethical responsibility has a slight but favorable impact on ROE, economic responsibility has a considerable and positive impact on ROE. Since there is a clear correlation between moral responsibility and business success, research on return on assets (ROA) suggests that it should be encouraged. Legal responsibility and the firm’s performance are positively correlated, albeit this relationship is not statistically significant. The ROA research indicates that since it greatly enhances business performance, economic responsibility ought to be encouraged. The organization needs to manage legal liabilities to get the intended results. There was positive association between business performance and ethical responsibility, even if it was not statistically significant.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Towards Effective Performance Management Systems: A Case Study on Integrated Performance Management Maturity Model Deployment]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/tjeb-2023-0007</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/tjeb-2023-0007</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 09 Aug 2024 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

Strategy and Performance Management has evolved in the last decades to become a critical capability adopted and nurtured by more and more organizations worldwide. While several types of performance management architectures are set in place to facilitate strategy execution and performance excellence within organizations, less emphasis is attributed to understanding how well performance management tools, processes, and resources are set to enable proper integration and allow the maturity of such architectures. To address this gap, this research focuses on developing and applying an Integrated Performance Management Maturity Model that can test the dynamics of performance management architectures. Using a structured research protocol, 5 public organizations from different sectors in Saudi Arabia were chosen to test the impact of the maturity model designed and diagnose their maturity level. Results from the study suggest moderate to advanced performance management practices among governmental. The application of the maturity model assessment allowed a diagnosis of performance management architectures’ status quo while enabling the development of improvement roadmaps for the entities included in the study.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Decoding the Business Model: A Comparative Analysis with Strategy and Planning, and a New Seven-Keys Framework to Formulate A Business Idea]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/tjeb-2023-0004</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/tjeb-2023-0004</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 09 Aug 2024 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

The article studies business models and their essence, comparing them to business plans and strategies. Various definitions and characteristics of business models are examined to be better understood and applied, both from a theoretical and a practical point of view. The aim is not to deny existing theoretical positions regarding business models but to suggest a new perspective where it is permissible, adapt existing knowledge to new business realities and opportunities and present an effective process for developing a business model. Through an in-depth content analysis of articles and reports published in renowned journals and conferences, multiple definitions of different researchers are given, and weaknesses in the interpretations are sought, but without challenging the existing paradigms. The systematic literature review found that the business model is applied with a much higher priority in practice than the business plan and strategy and enjoys significant interest from researchers. A major credit for this is its comprehensiveness in describing the design, structure and management of creating value by exploiting business opportunities. Our findings show that in academic and business circles, there is no clear enough distinction between business model, business plan and business strategy. Based on these findings, we present theoretical and applied guidelines and an innovative seven-keys framework for elaborating a business model.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Intra and Inter Sectoral Risk Spread and Portfolio Risk Management: Case of S&amp;P 500]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/tjeb-2023-0008</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/tjeb-2023-0008</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 09 Aug 2024 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

A critical issue of diversification in portfolio management is the intra and inter-sectoral spread of risk. The aim of this study is to capture potential intra and inter sectoral risk spread. In this regard, the Bayesian Neural Networks (BNN) model was involved, the method being applied for a portfolio of 12 shares from the American index S&amp;P 500, on the period January 1st, 2011 – January 28th, 2023. The expected shortfall was involved as a risk estimation measure and the Tabu Search learning algorithm of BNN was employed. The robustness of the results was tested at three significance thresholds namely, 0.85, 0.90 and 0.95. The differences of the results were highlighted on two subsamples, from January 1st, 2011 – December 31st, 2019, and January 1st, 2020 – January 28th, 2023. Evidence of intra and inter sectoral contagion was found on the full sample period, however during the financial turmoil period represented by the last sub-sample, the results display that the linkages between different sectors weakened to certain extents. The key contribution stands in the significant implications for portfolio risk management. The results highlight and strengthen the importance of building a portfolio based on an accurate selection of assets that are not inter-linked.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Public Debt and Economic Growth in Nigeria: A Consideration of New Evidence]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/tjeb-2023-0001</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/tjeb-2023-0001</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 09 Aug 2024 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

The discussion surrounding the connection between public borrowing and economic expansion has persistently endured without abating. While debt desirability proponents argue that public debt is growth-enhancing, others argue that public debt does more harm than good to the economy. In recent times, the increase in public debt in Nigeria continues to raise concerns regarding its desirability. Although several studies have been carried out in this regard, there is hardly any study that examines the public debt-growth nexus in the context of the tradable and non-tradable sectors. Second, there is hardly any study that disaggregates bank-sourced debt from non-bank-sourced debt. Thus, the study aimed to achieve two-pronged research objectives: To appraise the implications of public debt on the economic growth in the tradable sector of the Nigerian economy and to analyze the effect of public debt on the economic growth in Nigeria’s nontradable sector. This study spans from 1981 to 2020. Using the Generalized Linear Model (GLM), the following conclusions are made. Initially, different elements of public debt have varying impacts on the growth of the tradeable sector. External debt and debt obtained from non-bank sources positively drive the growth of the tradable sector. However, debt acquired from banks and the associated servicing costs hurt the growth of the tradeable sector. Furthermore, the different components of public debt have varying impacts on the growth of the non-tradable sector. Specifically, foreign debt and debt obtained from non-bank sources have a significant positive influence on the growth of the non-tradable sector. The influence of debt acquired from banks on the nontradable sector is positive but insignificant. However, similar to the tradable sector, the servicing of debt undermines the growth of the non-tradable sector. Policy insights were provided in line with the study’s findings.
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            <category>ARTICLE</category>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Evolving Patterns of Labour Migration from Romania in the Aftermath of the COVID-19 Pandemic]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/tjeb-2023-0010</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/tjeb-2023-0010</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 09 Aug 2024 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

This paper examines the specifics of the migration process in recent years, from before the COVID-19 pandemic to the post-pandemic years. It focuses on the reasons why Romanian citizens choose to emigrate to other EU member countries and explores the factors that motivate their return. The paper also includes a bibliometric analysis of the literature on labour migration during the pandemic and post-pandemic period, with a focus on the works published in the period 2019-2024, as well as a detailed analysis of data collected at the Romanian level by the National Employment Agency (ANOFM), reported for the period January 2019 - September 2023. Main results entail clear trends and intentions of Romanians to work abroad in the coming years, considering the skills and competencies that will be required in the future in a globalized digital economy and the training and knowledge of certain fields of activity.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
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