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        <title>Built-Environment Sri Lanka Feed</title>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Beyond Sustainability: Designing Regenerative Built Environments for a Climate-Uncertain Future in Sri Lanka]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.4038/besl.v16i1.7728</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 15 Sep 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[No abstract available]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Institutional Barriers to Land Title Conversion in Urban Colombo: Evidence from Sri Lanka's Bimsaviya Programme]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.4038/besl.v16i1.7720</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 15 Sep 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Land title registration is widely recognised as a mechanism for strengthening tenure security and improving land market efficiency; however, implementation often encounters institutional and procedural challenges. This study investigates the institutional and procedural factors contributing to the title conversion gap under Sri Lanka’s Bimsaviya Land Title Registration Programme, using Urban Colombo as an instrumental case study. A qualitative approach was adopted, drawing on semi-structured focus group discussions with officials from the Survey Department, Title Settlement Department, and Registrar General’s Department. Data were analysed using qualitative content analysis. The findings reveal five key barriers affecting title conversion: voluntary participation, limited awareness and information gaps, institutional and operational constraints, regulatory rigidity and procedural complexity, and parcel-level disputes. The study further shows that title registration in Colombo is largely driven by transactional needs, particularly property transfers and mortgage financing, while urban land complexity increases the challenges associated with title investigation and registration. The findings highlight the importance of strengthening institutional capacity, improving public awareness, enhancing inter-agency coordination, and modernising legal provisions to improve title conversion outcomes.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Assessing the Applicability of Building Information Modelling (BIM) for Reducing Building Services Maintenance Costs in Hotel Projects in Sri Lanka]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.4038/besl.v16i1.7717</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 15 Sep 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[In the Sri Lankan hospitality industry, building maintenance is a vital operational aspect that directly affects both asset value and guest satisfaction. This research examines the factors influencing maintenance costs and assesses the potential of Building Information Modelling (BIM) to make these costs more efficient. Using a mixed-methods approach comprising a systematic literature review, a questionnaire survey involving 20 construction and facility management professionals, and semi-structured interviews with 45 senior industry experts, the study identifies the principal maintenance cost drivers affecting hotel projects in Sri Lanka. Results show that 85.6% of professionals see BIM’s ability to reduce maintenance costs, although adoption remains limited due to lack of awareness and perceived high initial investment. The paper suggests a BIM-based framework to improve predictive maintenance and value engineering, providing a plan for stakeholders to ensure long-term financial sustainability in hotel projects.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Architecture and Social Capital: A Study of the Impact of “Spatial Layout Design” in Facilitating Bonding Capital in Urban Middle-Income Housing Scheme in Suburban Colombo]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.4038/besl.v16i1.7719</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 15 Sep 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Rapid urbanization in Colombo has accelerated the development of medium- and high-density housing for the growing middle-income population. While these developments emphasize spatial efficiency and economic viability, limited attention has been given to how spatial layout influences everyday social interaction. This study examines the impact of spatial layout design on the formation of bonding social capital within middle-income housing environments.A mixed-method case study approach was adopted using the Viyathpura Housing Scheme in Pannipitiya, suburban Colombo. Data was collected through spatial layout analysis, circulation mapping, behavioural observations, questionnaire surveys, and informal interviews. An analytical framework comprising eight spatial and social parameters was used to examine the relationship between spatial configuration, movement patterns, and resident interaction.The findings reveal that everyday social interaction occurs primarily within circulation and transitional spaces, including corridors, entrances, and movement pathways, rather than in formally designated communal open spaces. These movement-based spaces encourage repeated encounters that gradually strengthen familiarity, trust, and neighbourly relationships. The study highlights the importance of integrating circulation networks and transitional spaces into housing design to promote socially responsive residential environments.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[A Scoring System to Measure the Smartness of Emerging Smart Cities in Developing Countries]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.4038/besl.v16i1.7714</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 15 Sep 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Rapid urban population growth, especially in developing countries, has positioned the Smart City concept as a response to complex urban challenges. However, existing performance frameworks largely reflect developed contexts and overlook the socio-economic realities of the Global South. This study develops context-specific performance measures and a scoring system for emerging Smart Cities, using Sri Lanka’s Colombo Port City as a case study. A mixed-method approach, combining expert interviews and surveys, identifies and validates key indicators across seven themes, including Smart Economy, Smart Governance, Smart Environment, and Smart Mobility. Using the Battelle method, a scalable assessment framework is proposed. The findings highlight the importance of technology readiness, citizen-centric services, and local adaptability, emphasizing that smartness requires a holistic and context-sensitive approach rather than solely technological or economic advancement.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Design Thinking in Interior Design Studio Teaching: Post-Pandemic Challenges in Design Education]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.4038/besl.v15i2.7705</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 23 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Interior designers faced unparalleled challenges during COVID-19 in meeting the requirements given healthcare guidelines, as merely providing for such guidelines could deter the mental wellbeing of users. This demanded new design teaching strategies. Studio teaching integrated design thinking as a way of preparing students to fine-tune an end-user focused design process. A thematic analysis of literature on the use of design thinking in studio teaching established the vim of design thinking as a cyclic process that empathizes with end-users. To test its integration in the studio to support students’ developing a place-oriented design process, we developed an experimental studio. Observation, participatory observation, depth-interviews, and focus groups were used in those studios to collect primary data. By decorously rendering design thinking, this exercise found the need to promote students to use design thinking to fine-tune a divergent cum convergent design process to face similar challenges in the future.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[From Craft to Code: Integrating Flexibility of Construction 3D Printing Technologies in Small-Scale Architectural Construction]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.4038/besl.v15i2.7706</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 23 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Despite the global momentum toward digital construction, architectural practice in Sri Lanka remains largely non-linear, labor-intensive, and dependent on craft-based systems. This study combines this hypothesis with a targeted questionnaire survey to profile the structure, workflows, and decision-making patterns of Sri Lankan architectural practice, assessing their capacity to absorb progressive technologies such as Construction 3D Printing / C3DP. Findings indicate that practice complexity is shaped by consortium-based services and negotiated contracts, while house-scale projects remain highly susceptible to design changes even at advanced stages, causing the otherwise linear RIBA model to take on a circular form. This informality creates both challenges and opportunities for the integration of C3DP. The paper concludes by mapping possible adoption dynamics for incorporating 3D printing into Sri Lanka’s construction industry, highlighting pathways for aligning emerging digital technologies with existing professional practices.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[An Investigation into the ‘Life-world’ of Children and their Forms of Urban Agency in a Transient Neighbourhood in Mutwal, Sri Lanka]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.4038/besl.v15i2.7708</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 23 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[More than half of the world’s children live in cities and towns. Despite the limited child studies on urban children in global-south, children in developing countries contribute to making of urban places. The research was grounded on the policy framework set by UN’s 1989 Convention on the Rights of the Child, UNICEF’s Child-Friendly Cities Initiative (CFCI) &amp; Child Friendly Cities framework (CFCF) that encourage ‘child-participation’ in urban development. Despite the international policies, Sri Lanka’s urban planning has not adopted Children’s participatory process when making decisions on the direction of planned developments for urban areas. The paper investigates a broader research question as to how children in neighbourhoods of Mutwal perform ‘urban agency’ as they play in street spaces. Research objectives were three-fold; i) to understand the nature of neighbourhood play in Mutwal from the perspective of resident children and their caregivers, ii) to understand ‘how children in focus group interact with outdoor street spaces?’ iii) to find if children in focus group enact ‘urban agency’ as they play in streets. The paper presents empirical research capturing every-day ‘life-world’ of children in Mutwal. Method of study was a ‘Focus group study’ based on street-play activities, tracing social connections. ‘The Social Audit Cookbook’ by Eva Cox was used as the guide for research design. Research consisted of gathering qualitative data through interviewing parents and children, carrying out child-led city tours, drawing workshop and photo-elicitation exercise with children aged between 5-14 years. Data was analyzed in the form of content analysis involving thematic coding using NVivo software.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Bio‑Based Construction Pathways for Sri Lanka: Linking Materials Research with Architectural and Engineering Practice]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.4038/besl.v15i2.7713</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 23 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[No abstract available]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Design Principles of Biomimetic Architecture in Sri Lanka’s Vernacular Built Environment]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.4038/besl.v15i2.7704</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 23 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The capacity of biomimicry in architecture as an optimal solution for addressing the complexities of the sustainability crisis caused by anthropogenic development has already been explored. The current research landscape, with a focus on seeking alternatives for overcoming barriers to sustainability, has discovered a connection between biomimicry and vernacular architecture. This study aims to explore the applicability of biomimicry design principles and their prevalence in vernacular architecture in the South Asian tropical context. The research employs a qualitative exploratory research methodology through an in-depth single case study approach, with special reference to the case study of the Meemure village settlement in the Central Province of Sri Lanka. The principles to examine the correlation were selected from a systematic analysis of twenty-seven biomimicry sub-principles. Results show a significant number of biomimicry principles were shown to be prevalent in the selected case study, concluding that Sri Lanka’s vernacular built environment has significant biomimicry design principles embedded within it. According to the results, biomimicry design principles such as, being locally attuned and responsive, being resourceful with material and energy and using life-friendly chemistry are significantly evident within the vernacular architecture of Sri Lanka.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Sustainable Harmony: A Holistic Examination of Consumer Preferences and Influencing Factors in Sri Lanka's Tourism Industry]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.4038/besl.v14i1.7690</link>
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            <pubDate>Thu, 25 Jul 2024 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This research navigates the intricate landscape of Sri Lanka's tourism sector against the backdrop of its rich cultural heritage and captivating landscapes. As global travel trends increasingly pivot towards sustainability, this study investigates the core of Sri Lanka's tourism dynamics, exploring consumer preferences and the diverse factors that shape them. The research employed a structured questionnaire distributed to 209 visitors who chose environmentally certified hotels, offering a comprehensive dataset for analysis. Utilizing a quantitative approach, the study employs descriptive, correlation, and regression analyses to unravel patterns and relationships among variables. The findings highlight consumers' positive inclinations towards environmental certifications, while shedding light on nuanced preferences regarding transportation, room reservations, pricing structures, hotel accessibility, food availability, environmental satisfaction, and cultural practices. Key relationships, such as the impact of environmental certifications on transportation facilities, pricing structures, and environmental satisfaction, are quantitatively explored. The results provide valuable insights for policymakers, businesses, and stakeholders aiming to align tourism practices with sustainability goals in Sri Lanka, offering a holistic understanding of consumer preferences in this culturally rich and environmentally diverse destination.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Quantity Surveyors&rsquo; Adaptability to Technology: The Last Frontier of Job Displacement Challenge]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.4038/besl.v14i1.7687</link>
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            <pubDate>Thu, 25 Jul 2024 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[In the 21st century, where modern technologies are developed at an expeditious rate, the construction industry has survived over centuries, despite its slow rate of innovative adaptations, the poor performance of professionals, excess number of qualification holders, and vastly reported skill shortage. Technological advancement is the catalyst to solve these issues attaching extreme significance to transform the role of professionals in line with industrialisation, digitalisation and globalisation. Herein, Quantity Surveying (QS) is a key profession in the construction industry that contributes to the cost management aspect of a construction project. With the technological advancements in the industry, identifying the adaptability of QSs to 21st-century technologies and recognizing the nature of their emerging job role that may reshape the traditional role has become a pressing issue that needs to be addressed immediately. Thus, this paper investigates the potential impact of such advancements on QS employment patterns, underscoring the need for professionals to align with the shifting paradigms of digitalization. Utilizing a qualitative research approach, in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with ten expert QS practitioners from various international contexts. This method enabled the exploration of current states, expected competencies, and the professional evolution of QSs amidst technological disruptions. The findings suggest that while core QS functions remain irreplaceable, the profession is poised for significant transformation. This paper concludes with a range of recommendations that ensure the relevance and importance of the profession well into the future. The paper provides the international QS community with a unique data source that should prove valuable for comparative purposes and general discussion about the future of QSs globally and the direction of the profession. Therefore, this research contributes to knowledge by the diversifying QS roles in the construction industry with significant competencies encountered while addressing adaptability of QSs in the 21st century technology advancements.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Subtle Addressing of Caste in the Elite Domestic Architecture of Geoffrey Bawa]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.4038/besl.v14i1.7683</link>
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            <pubDate>Thu, 25 Jul 2024 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[During the immediate postcolonial decades, reverting to once-subverted indigenous architectural traditions with elite patronage was spearheaded by nascent Ceylonese architects. The most celebrated domestic architectural style from this period has been confirmed as Neo-regionalism of Geoffrey Bawa. This rubric has over the years, been labeled as the most apposite to the context of its inception. Further, it is widely acknowledged that Bawa’s domestic clientele was drawn from the elite of which, the bulk being Sinhalese in ethnicity. Sinhalese, the majority population is heterogeneous, which has primordially been assembled into numerous caste-based sub-cultures. The paper tackles some domestic projects by Bawa; for Sinhalese elite of Govigama and Karava castes – the most numerous two castes. The study strives to constitute the caste-based cultural strands to have survived and unraveled via architecture (along with periodic changes).  It Adheres to a qualitative research methodology, and delves on case studies. A photographic survey affords the information to supplement extant literature. The analysis of key architectural traits is carried out and the final interpretation is through phenomenology. In-depth interviews compensate for gaps in literature. In this light, examining in a phenomenological perspective how architecture executed for the Sinhalese elite frame cultural peculiarities of caste, and also periodic changes, if successful, could be applied to similar cases elsewhere.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Urban agglomeration and spatial formation of urban growth in the Colombo District]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.4038/besl.v14i1.7685</link>
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            <pubDate>Wed, 26 Jul 2023 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[An urban agglomeration is one of the biggest drivers of national or global economic development since its cities are interconnected. The world's population was 55% urban in 2020, compared to 52% in developing countries (United Nations, 2020).Land usage statistics for small and medium-sized town centers were analyzed using primary and secondary sources. Semi-structured interviews capture 30 experts' thoughts. Reviewing historical planning papers, maps, census records, and other secondary data. Hybrid data analysis. GIS and qualitative research study urban agglomeration and spatial formation. Space Syntax and its integration measure street-to-street transitions to define urban design. Space syntax illustrates population integration and interaction. The Landscape Expansion Matrix controls dynamic systems.Research shows Colombo urbanized nuclear style before 1970. That impacted neighboring municipalities and suburbs for 50 years. After the 1990 Open Economy, outer-circle suburbia expansion began. The Civil War halted suburbanization (2001). Rapid exurban growth created ribbon-shaped urban districts. Development plans for Megacity Colombo City after the 2009 civil conflict advocated corridors and extensive urbanization.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Impact of economic crisis on sustainability of performances in high-rise residential buildings in Colombo urban area]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.4038/besl.v14i1.7679</link>
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            <pubDate>Wed, 26 Jul 2023 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Economic crisis is one of the most important concepts in considering economic growth and development. It affects all sectors including housing in a country. With accelerating urbanization, high-rise residential buildings have become the solution for the increasing housing demand in urban areas. Consequently, number of such buildings have emerged around the world during the past decade. As many people inhabited these residential buildings, providing required facilities continuously is vital. Thus, the performances of these properties are required to be maintained at a standard level. However, it can be challenging to do during an economic crisis. Despite the large amount of research devoted to examining the impact of economic crisis on housing sector, the insights on its impact on sustainable performance pertaining to high-rise residential buildings are rare. Therefore, this study aimed at examining the impact of economic crisis on the sustainability of performances in high-rise residential buildings in Colombo urban area. Using inductive approach and qualitative method, primary data were collected from representatives of management corporations of seven high-rise residential properties located in Colombo. Collected data were analysed using descriptive analysis, content analysis methods and Operating Model Canvas developed as the theoretical basis. Study findings revealed that all the selected buildings were equipped with all the required services for expected performances. Moreover, air conditioning, intercom, waste water disposal, cleaning service and garbage collection are the leading performances that have been negatively affected by consequences of economic crisis mainly due to fuel shortage and power failure.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[An interactive conceptual multisensory model to elevate creativity of undergraduates: a review of literature]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.4038/besl.v14i1.7684</link>
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            <pubDate>Wed, 26 Jul 2023 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[There's a great interest in creativity and innovation in today's world and it is vital for the educators to create mechanisms that can aid students in instilling and boosting the skills that are essential in generating creative ideas in the process of design, ensuring originality, novelty, and authenticity. This research proposes a novel idea on enhancing creativity levels in the contexts of Architecture and design education; The &lsquo;enKindler&rsquo; Space, a conceptual multisensory model which is interactive and entertaining. Incorporating the domain of Human Computer Interaction (HCI) the proposed space will recognize the user, determine, and activate a customized multisensory experience, monitor sensory stimuli activation, and enable students to be sensory aware, form cognitive interactions and develop new neural pathways that could aid in being highly creative, as an innovative and practical solution.It is recommended to assess the impacts of the proposed &lsquo;enKindler&rsquo; space on elevating creativity focusing on its effectiveness, short term and long-term impacts with reference to diverse student samples to improve its feasibility, practicality, sustainability, and effectiveness as a model which could be applied in large scale in different creative academic disciplines to boost creativity and innovation.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Daylight and window view quality for visual comfort: the case of an office building in Jaffna]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.4038/besl.v13i2.7680</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 20 Feb 2023 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Architectural lighting is now simple and emotionless due to modern technological innovations, which makes it difficult to recognise the distinct character of a place. With the development of air conditioning and artificial lighting systems, architects are more inclined to adopt them than to design equivalent spaces in natural light, thus, taking advantage of ideal lighting conditions to raise the quality of space.
The major difference between artificial light and daylight is the &ldquo;view&rdquo;, daylight integration systems offer. This is a research initiative to ascertain the perceptual influence of daylight and &lsquo;window view quality&rsquo; in achieving visual comfort. With this in mind, a single case study is investigated, thereby involving like-minded respondents that engage in a similar work programme. As a limitation of scope, an environmentally rated building in a specific locality &ndash; Jaffna &ndash; is selected. Post Occupancy Evaluation forms the primary method adopted. Mapping of the space is undertaken, together with Perceptual Spatial Analysis (PERCIFAL) surveys, and correlate responses to the physically observed spaces.
Results show the occupants agree that natural light is the preferred mode of lighting for the workspace. Although the window views are deemed to enrich the working environment, the emphasis on its preference does not strongly correlate among all respondents. Conclusions are drawn on the parameters surveyed - that drive window view quality and daylight perception - to form implications for design both as individual elements and as a whole, to achieve overall visual comfort within a specific office environment.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Assessment of residents' satisfaction of “Liveability” in low-Income high-rise housing in Colombo]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.4038/besl.v13i2.7681</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 20 Feb 2023 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Housing low-income communities in high-rise housing have been an issue worldwide. The liveability of housing is compromised due to the need for providing large numbers of housing at minimum cost. There is a lack of understanding of the aspirations, needs, and what defines a liveable home for low-income dwellers.
This study explores the residents&rsquo; satisfaction with liveability in low-income high-rise housing in Colombo. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 65 random residents from two typical low-income high-rise housing. A five-point Likert scale was used to measure satisfaction with liveability at three scales namely dwelling unit: building and complex. Results showed that residents were dissatisfied with the dwelling unit and the overall housing complex but satisfied with the building. Although residents were satisfied with safety within dwellings safety in the building and the complex was of concern. Provisions for open spaces, shops, medical facilities, and safety were critical for the liveability of the housing complex. Provision for more space, balconies, private open spaces, places to interact, and housing that reflected residents&rsquo; personalities and identities were necessary for liveability.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Appraisal on user satisfaction for neighborhood sustainability; A case from Colombo]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.4038/besl.v13i2.7673</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 20 Feb 2023 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Neighbourhoods are the most-local communities of human habitat. Inhabitants sense that they intuitively realize what a &lsquo;good neighbourhood&rsquo; mean, for their satisfaction, with the degree of neighbourly interactions; mutual support, gathering places, convenient and appealing environment, or in a &lsquo;bad neighbourhood&rsquo;, for dissatisfaction; danger, anti- social interaction, exclusiveness, isolation, inconvenience, and dereliction.
In this paper, the inquiry into both architectural and environmental behaviour, is a growing body of qualitative, descriptive research, focusing on human responsiveness to a place, a neighbourhood. Particularly the study expresses neighbourhood as built environments, converging to the environmental experiences of residents. In response, they are the non-physical sensual component of built forms and spaces that refines the built environment inscribing a living quality into it. The study investigates the physical formation of the neighbourhood and it reveals the degree, of user satisfaction; to which the neighbourhood space is sensed from the viewpoint of inhabitant engagement.]]></description>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[The de Silva house at Mt. Lavinia by Valentine Gunasekara: Phenomenological analysis of an elite dwelling from the Nationalist Era of Ceylon (Sri Lanka)]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.4038/besl.v13i2.7674</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 20 Feb 2023 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[It is commonly assessed that Architect Valentine Gunasekara arrived at ‘Expressionist Modernism’ towards the twilight of his career. Immediately after Ceylon’s independence, an elite contingent spearheaded a nationalist political course, which was perpetuated into the 1990s and beyond. During this nationalist window, the vernacular-based Neo/Tropical Regionalism was mediated as the flagship architectural style of the nation, whereas Gunasekara’s product was pushed into oblivion. In this light, the study of this fascinating style could serve as a useful precedence to asses/theorize similar domestic architectural styles to come. Adhering to a qualitative methodology, the study is based on one single well-justified case study. In terms of collecting information, drawings are secured/reproduced, supported by a photographic survey. The analysis places the case study against periodic changes of the time in question. Phenomenology is used for interpretation. To compensate for gaps in the extant literature, in-depth interviews are utilized. Examining in a phenomenological viewpoint how such examples executed for the elite class frame the periodic changes in local and international arenas, if successful, could be applied to similar cases elsewhere.]]></description>
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