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        <title>The Scientific Bulletin of Electrical Engineering Faculty Feed</title>
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            <title>The Scientific Bulletin of Electrical Engineering Faculty Feed</title>
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        <copyright>All rights reserved 2026, Valahia University of Targoviste</copyright>
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            <title><![CDATA[Applied Informatics in Quality Control Using Ultrasonic Milk Analizer]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/sbeef-2025-0015</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 03 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Milk quality control is essential for farmers, processors and consumers. Physicochemical analysis of milk is essential to assess product quality and to understand the effects of different feeding regimes on milk composition. This article presents applied informatics in food engineering quality control to perform a comparative analysis of two distinct feeding types: dry mass feeding and green mass feeding, emphasizing significant differences in fat and protein percentages. In order to accurately check the quality of milk, the ultrasonic Ekomilk Milkana KAM98-2AM analyzer will be used.]]></description>
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            <title><![CDATA[Current Situation and Development Perspectives of Photovoltaic Installations, with and Without Energy Storage]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/sbeef-2025-0017</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 03 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This paper analyzes the current situation and development perspectives of photovoltaic (PV – Photovoltaic) systems in Romania, with and without energy storage (ESS – Energy Storage Systems) . The study highlights the role of the national and European legislative frameworks in supporting the transition toward renewable energy and the integration of energy storage systems. The analysis is based on recent reports and official documents from ANRE, IRENA, the European Commission, and other authoritative sources.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
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            <title><![CDATA[Biomedical Methods for Total Phenolic Content in Medicinal Plants and Tinctures]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/sbeef-2025-0021</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 03 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Medicinal plants are plants that contain certain substances, certain healing compounds. Medicinal herbs are best used for prevention rather than treatment.This work aims to study the values of total phenolic content present in Calendula officinalis, Ginkgo biloba, Lycopodium clavatum, Equisetum arvense and in the tinctures. Their content will also be studied according to the storage period in order to signal any changes that may have occurred. The risks that can appear in the production of tinctures must be taken into acount. They could be of chemical nature, biological nature, physical nature. We mention here pieces of soil, plant debris, dust particles, pesticides, heavy metals, patogenic bacteria, fungi. Preventing the contamination of major tinctures relies on several methods: maintaining proper sanitation, using a high concentration of alcohol, and ensuring optimal humidity.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[The Role of Digitization in the Field of Medical Tourism in the European Union]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/sbeef-2025-0024</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 03 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Medical tourism is attracting increasing interest, particularly from wealthier countries, as certain destinations offer high-quality healthcare services at significantly lower costs. Defined as a combination of leisure travel and medical treatment, this field is being transformed by digitization. This study explores how health systems function in this context, the evolution of medical tourism, the benefits of digital platforms, and highlights successful examples of platform implementation.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Evolution of Spanning Tree Protocol: From STP to SPB and Trill – A Comparative Analysis]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/sbeef-2025-0018</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 03 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The Spanning Tree Protocol (STP), standardized in IEEE 802.1D, has served as the foundational loop-prevention mechanism in bridged Ethernet networks for over three decades. Despite its widespread adoption, STP exhibits significant limitations with respect to convergence time, bandwidth utilization, and scalability that are increasingly incompatible with the demands of modern enterprise and data center networks. This paper presents a structured comparative analysis of five major Layer 2 protocols in the STP lineage: STP (IEEE 802.1D), Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP, IEEE 802.1w), Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP, IEEE 802.1s), Shortest Path Bridging (SPB, IEEE 802.1aq), and Transparent Interconnection of Lots of Links (TRILL, RFC 6325). The analysis is conducted along four primary dimensions: convergence time, scalability, operational complexity, and security considerations. Drawing exclusively on peer-reviewed literature, IETF/IEEE standards, and published operational benchmarks, the paper concludes with a structured evaluation of the relevance of these protocols in Software-Defined Networking (SDN) environments and modern Ethernet fabric architectures, proposing a conceptual decision framework for protocol selection.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Advances in Indexing Techniques for Database Systems a Systematic Literature Review]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/sbeef-2025-0022</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 03 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Indexing is one of the most important mechanisms for improving query performance in database systems. Without a proper index, even simple queries can become extremely slow when dealing with large amounts of data. This paper reviews the main indexing techniques used in modern databases from classical tree-based and hash-based structures to bitmap indexes and distributed approaches suited for big data environments. For each technique, the underlying principles, performance characteristics, and limitations are analysed. The paper also includes a comparison table and a discussion of recent trends, such as learned index structures and AI-assisted query optimization. The main takeaway is straightforward: there is no universally best index the right choice always depends on the workload, the data, and the system architecture.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Mesh-Based Environmental Monitoring System for Residential Spaces]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/sbeef-2025-0020</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 03 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This paper presents the design and implementation of a Wi-Fi mesh network system for distributed monitoring of environmental parameters (temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, and air quality/VOC) in a residential setting. The system comprises one ROOT node acting as gateway and web server, and three SLAVE nodes for data acquisition. Built on the ESP32 platform using the painlessMesh library, the system operates fully locally without Internet dependency. A web interface accessible via captive portal enables real-time visualization, configurable alert thresholds, topology mapping, and CSV data export. Hardware integration includes BME680 sensors, OLED displays, autonomous 18650 battery power, and 3D-printed enclosures. Test results confirm coherent multi-room data differentiation and stable mesh.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Software Task Management in Food Engineering Using HACCP]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/sbeef-2025-0013</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 03 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The purpose of the paper is to highlight how software task management tools may be applied to food engineering quality assurance. The theoretical underpinnings of quality assurance are briefly reviewed at the outset of this paper, followed by a brief introduction to task management tools that highlights their potential applications across a range of sectors, including the food processing industry. Customer satisfaction, increased productivity, and profit maximization are the objectives of interdisciplinarity.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Deep Neural Network-Based Fault Diagnosis for Predictive Maintenance of Induction Motors]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/sbeef-2025-0023</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 03 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Predictive maintenance for electric drives increasingly leverages data-driven diagnostics to detect early-stage faults under varying operating conditions. Building on the analysis and simulation of induction motor behavior under fault conditions in industrial electric drive systems, this paper presents the design, training, and validation of a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) capable of automatically identifying multiple fault types. The CNN operates on a 2D time–feature representation of multivariate signals and is trained using Adam optimization with a 70/30 train–holdout split. Results show 92.31% accuracy on the holdout set, with a confusion matrix indicating minimal inter-class confusion. For deployment, the trained model together with the normalization parameters is integrated into a masked Simulink block to enable automated end-to-end inference on new simulation runs.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Impact of Wind and Solar Renewable Energy Production on the Environment. Case Studies in Romania]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/sbeef-2025-0019</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 03 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Renewable energy technologies play an essential role in reducing environmental impacts associated with conventional energy production. Among these technologies, wind and solar photovoltaic (PV) systems are widely deployed, yet their overall performance depends on both environmental and economic factors.This study evaluates the environmental and economic impacts of wind and solar photovoltaic (PV) energy systems using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) methodologies. The analysis considers the entire life cycle of the systems, including manufacturing, operation, and end-of-life stages. To illustrate the results, two large-scale case studies representative of Romanian conditions are analyzed: a 100 MW PV system and a 99 MW wind energy system. The findings highlight differences in impact profiles and cost structures between the two technologies, emphasizing the importance of integrated environmental and economic assessment in renewable energy planning and decision-making.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[A Study About a Microcontroller-Based Tracking System for Photovoltaic Panels]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/sbeef-2025-0014</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 03 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[A solution for the accomplishment of the tracking system for photovoltaic panels in order to increase the sun generated energy is presented in this work. The two axes of the tracking system are driven by two stepper motors in the suggested approach. The motors are supplied by L298N drivers and controlled by Arduino Mega board, based on the informations provided by light sensors. The sensors measure the intensity of the sunlight, these informations are processed by the ATMega microcontroller and function of these, in order to achieve the highest possible light intensity, the tracking system’s axes will be rotated by the motors. The performances of the tracking system are monitored by Internet of Things concepts.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Mitigating Compromising Electromagnetic Emanations in Tempest-Compliant Equipment Design: a Review of Standards, Certification, and Engineering Countermeasures]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/sbeef-2025-0016</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 03 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Compromising electromagnetic emanations (CEME) represent a practical side-channel through which information processed by electronic equipment may be inferred from unintended radiated or conducted emissions. Modern digital systems—characterized by dense interconnections, switching power converters, and high-speed I/O—create a broad spectrum of emission mechanisms that are difficult to predict and control late in the design cycle. This paper provides an engineering review of the TEMPEST threat model, the standards and certification ecosystem used in governmental environments, and countermeasures spanning architecture, layout, shielding, bonding and grounding, and filtering. Emphasis is placed on mapping mitigation strategies to dominant coupling paths through zoning, RED/BLACK separation, and interface hardening. A practical verification workflow is proposed to link early design decisions to test evidence.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[LLM-Based Dishonesty and Excessive Collaboration Detection in Cybersecurity Education]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/sbeef-2025-0010</link>
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            <pubDate>Sun, 06 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Artificial intelligence long-term memory models are able to provide answers to a wide range of questions from a wide range of domains and to some extent, is able to detect excessive collaboration in the cybersecurity education field, making use of metadata (logs). There are some key differences between the models and the human factor with regards to completeness and correctness of the results. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the current state of the art of artificial intelligence and its use in detecting excessive collaboration in the cybersecurity education field.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Internet of Things in a Greenhouse Using Arduino]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/sbeef-2025-0006</link>
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            <pubDate>Sun, 06 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Monitoring parameters such as humidity, temperature, pressure and light are essential for the good development of plants in a greenhouse. This article represents incipient research for emphasizing the importance of data monitoring, data acquisition and data interpretation in order to obtain best results in greenhouse plant production. The monitoring system is composed of Arduino microprocessor-based system and Arduino shield with sensors. The presented greenhouse is heated with wood burning boiler which uses heated water that circulates through pipes and radiators inside the greenhouse. By continuously monitoring the greenhouse’s temperature, the operator will be able to control the wood resupply considerably more effectively.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[An Innovative Software Interface Solution for Industrial Aplication of Machine Vision on a Smart Assembly/Disassembly Mechatronic Line]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/sbeef-2025-0004</link>
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            <pubDate>Sun, 06 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This paper presents a revolutionary approach to image analysis, specific to quality testing (QT) processes performed in industrial manufacturing processes, which integrates specific concepts of Industry 4.0 and Industry 5.0. The results of the research were translated into an innovative software interface, finally customized for testing the manufacturing quality on the mechatronic assembly and disassembly lines. The QT control structure, subordinated to the new technologies of Industry 4.0 and Industry 5.0, proposes that the acquisition sequences, analysis, decision -making and historical recording of quality data, be implemented through a server application (SA) and remotely through client applications (CA). Additionally, the system’s hardware configuration and embedded software components function analogously to an Internet of Things (IoT) sensor, providing a framework for real-time process analysis and control. The QT system is structured as a Machine Vision (MV) framework, leveraging advanced image processing techniques to extract relevant information, thereby enhancing the reliability and detail of quality assessments. In this setup, the mechatronic line is seamlessly integrated with cutting-edge analytical and control functionalities, enabling robust production monitoring and remote-control capabilities through the SA. Concurrently, the CA software offers enhanced flexibility for customizing production orders in response to customer demands. Following the implementation of this MV-based control structure, which utilizes the developed software interface for image analysis, a series of performance tests were conducted to validate system efficacy and adaptability within an automated production environment.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Intelligent Solar Panel Orientation System with Arduino and Sensor]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/sbeef-2025-0005</link>
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            <pubDate>Sun, 06 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The article describes a sun-tracking system based on Arduino Nano, designed to optimize the output of a solar panel. It incorporates an INA219 sensor for current monitoring, two servo motors for dual-axis orientation, and four photoresistors for light detection. The system automatically adjusts the panel’s position, maximizing solar energy capture and enhancing energy efficiency.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Software Quality Management Framework Using HACCP in Engineering]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/sbeef-2025-0007</link>
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            <pubDate>Sun, 06 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The paper aims to demonstrate the application of HACCP to software quality management framework in steel engineering. This paper begins with a quick discussion of the theoretical foundations of quality management including quality assurance, then moves on to a brief introduction to HACCP that emphasizes its possible applications in a variety of industries. The goals of interdisciplinarity include profit maximization, enhanced productivity, and customer pleasure.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[The Importance of Electronic Devices in the Development of Music Education]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/sbeef-2025-0008</link>
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            <pubDate>Sun, 06 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This article examines how music education has evolved in terms of digital technology, its current implementation and proposes efficient methods for its future expansion.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Applied Informatics in Marketing Segmentation Models for Oil Industry]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/sbeef-2025-0009</link>
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            <pubDate>Sun, 06 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Market segmentation is a technique used by companies selling oil products in order to identify their target market and then divide customers into distinct groups or niches. Based on a range of demographics, particular needs, consumption priorities, and other psychographic or behavioural factors, market segmentation generates “subsets” of the market. Ignoring the market segmentation phase in the process of marketing petroleum product is equivalent to completely disregarding the target market, which means the company will have no customers and nothing to sell. Increased competitiveness, customer retention, and, last but not least, the growth of the petroleum product sales market will result from the development of suitable segmentation. Brand loyalty, existing customer loyalty, and differentiation from the competition are all enhanced by using market segmentation techniques. Messages that are effectively communicated will make the promoted products more noticeable.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[The Impact of Technology on the Evolution of Traditional Romanian Product Manufacturing]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/sbeef-2025-0003</link>
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            <pubDate>Sun, 06 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The purpose of this article was to analyze the evolution of the way in which traditional Romanian products are manufactured, the evaluation of the current level at which this field operates and the proposal of effective solutions for its expansion.]]></description>
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