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        <title>Romanian Journal of Transport Infrastructure Feed</title>
        <link>https://reference-global.com/journal/RJTI</link>
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        <copyright>All rights reserved 2026, Technical University of Civil Engineering of Bucharest</copyright>
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            <title><![CDATA[Dynamic Response of a Guardrail System Based on Prestressed Cables]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/rjti-2026-0006</link>
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            <pubDate>Thu, 06 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Road safety is a major global concern nowadays. Within the road infrastructure, bridge sectors are the most dangerous in terms of the incidence and severity of accidents. Engineering practice is to reduce their gravity by installing safety barriers with a very high level of protection, type H4b. There are however situations in which these protection systems actually and up reducing the level of safety for road users by limiting visibility.This paper studies the possibility of adopting an innovative safety barrier solution based on modern, more efficient materials such as prestressed high-strength steel reinforcement. Scaled model of 1:20 tests and numerical simulations are presented for a guardrail system made up of high strength cables and plastic hinge supports.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Methodologies for Assessing Bridge Performance Under Seismic Action]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/rjti-2026-0005</link>
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            <pubDate>Thu, 06 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This paper analyses the seismic response of four continuous precast prestressed concrete girder bridges, with total lengths ranging from 80 m to 200 m, representative of Romanian road infrastructure. The structures were initially designed with neoprene elastomeric bearings, in compliance with the Romanian code for seismic design P100-1/2006 [1]. The seismic performance of the bridges was assessed through nonlinear static (Pushover) analyses using the FEMA 440 [2] equivalent linearization procedure, for five seismic hazard levels (return periods of 100, 225, 475, 970 and 2475 years). Results highlighted a significant vulnerability of the conventional neoprene system at moderate seismic intensities, with displacement demands exceeding the nominal bearing capacity from a return period of 225 years onwards. As an alternative, a pot bearing system was investigated, allowing larger displacements and providing more controlled seismic behavior. The study demonstrates that pot bearings reduce spectral accelerations by up to 54%, but increase the behavior factors, while maintaining bearing integrity at higher seismic hazard levels.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Impact Assessment of Trolleybus Line Extension on Urban Public Transport]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/rjti-2026-0001</link>
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            <pubDate>Thu, 06 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This paper analyzes the impact of extending a trolleybus line on urban public transport performance, using an integrated methodological framework that combines gravity-based accessibility modeling with before/after analysis of generalized travel cost. The proposed approach enables the simultaneous evaluation of both territorial and operational effects generated by infrastructure interventions.The developed model establishes a direct relationship between generalized cost and accessibility and introduces an additional component that captures the influence of peri-urban areas on transport demand. This methodological extension is particularly relevant for mediumsized cities, where urban–peri-urban connections play an important role in shaping mobility flows.The case study highlights the strategic role of interface nodes in increasing the attractiveness of the public transport network. The results indicate a reduction in generalized cost, an increase in accessibility for the served areas, and an estimated growth in transport demand.The analysis shows that the impact of infrastructure interventions is not determined solely by their physical size, but by their position within the network and their ability to reduce critical components such as transfers and access time. The proposed model provides a consistent tool for evaluating public transport modernization and can be applied in strategic urban mobility planning processes.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Groundwater Defluoridation Using Cost-Effective Biosorbents and Natural Adsorbent Materials]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/rjti-2026-0002</link>
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            <pubDate>Thu, 06 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Millions of people worldwide depend on drinking water sources contaminated with excess fluoride, posing significant health risks. In regions where fluoride occurrence is widespread, particularly in small communities with scattered populations, defluoridation of potable water remains a major challenge. This study investigates the use of locally available low-cost adsorbentsSugarcane Bagasse, Coconut Husk, and Rice Husk for fluoride removal. The adsorbents were characterized, and experiments were conducted to evaluate the influence of pH, adsorbent dosage, and initial fluoride concentration on removal efficiency at a constant temperature of 30 ± 2 °C. Results indicated that fluoride removal efficiency initially increased with pH and then stabilized for Sugarcane Bagasse at an optimal dose of 0.5 g/100 ml and a contact time of 75 minutes. Furthermore, temperature studies revealed that the highest efficiency was achieved using Modified Bagasse of Sugarcane (MBC), followed by Aluminum Hydroxide-Coated Rice Husk and Modified Coconut Husk at 323 K. However, removal efficiency decreased with increasing initial fluoride concentration, attributed to the adsorption capacity limits of the materials. Overall, the study demonstrates the potential of these low-cost, locally available adsorbents as effective alternatives for defluoridation of drinking water.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Stability Implications of Non-Persistent Joints in Large-Section Tunnel Sourrounding Rock]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/rjti-2026-0007</link>
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            <pubDate>Thu, 06 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[In the construction of large-span tunnels, the degree of joint development within the surrounding rock demonstrates heightened sensitivity and exerts a critical influence on the stability of the rock mass. To gain deeper insight into the influence of non-persistent joints on the stability of surrounding rock in large-span tunnels, a reliable discrete element numerical model was established based on the referenced tunnel project. By adopting the area of shear slip zones as a stability criterion, the safety factor of the surrounding rock was evaluated, and the effects of joint trace length, rock bridge ratio, and relative rock bridge dip angle on surrounding rock stability were further analysed. The results indicate that the safety factor first increases and then decreases with increasing joint trace length. Variations in the rock bridge ratio lead to changes in crack propagation modes: when the rock bridge length is smaller than the joint spacing, the stability of the surrounding rock is only slightly affected. The influence of the relative rock bridge dip angle on tunnel stability is comparatively minor. These findings may provide valuable reference for the design and construction of large-span tunnels.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Technical Efficiency of Romanian Danube Ports. A Stochastic Frontier Analysis]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/rjti-2026-0004</link>
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            <pubDate>Thu, 06 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This paper evaluates the technical efficiency of Romanian inland ports along the Danube River over the period 2020–2024 using a Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) framework. A panel data model with time-invariant inefficiency is estimated based on a Cobb–Douglas production function, where total cargo throughput is the output and quay length, number of quay cranes, and storage area are specified as inputs. The analysis covers 16 ports administered under the Upper and Lower Danube authorities. Results indicate a low average technical efficiency and substantial heterogeneity across ports. Lower Danube ports generally outperform Upper Danube ports, although the difference is not statistically significant. The estimated production elasticities reveal decreasing returns to scale, suggesting that most ports operate beyond their optimal size. Cargo diversification shows no statistically significant association with technical efficiency. The findings challenge the assumption that larger or more diversified ports are inherently more efficient and support a shift toward efficiency-oriented port development policies. The results should be interpreted considering the relatively short five-year available panel, which captures recent operational conditions, including the market disruptions associated with the Russian invasion of Ukraine.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Hybrid Methodology for Risk Assessment in Industrialised Execution of Precast Concrete Elements, with Applications on Post-Execution Inspection and Possible Integration of Digital Technologies]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/rjti-2026-0003</link>
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            <pubDate>Thu, 06 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Hidden works in concrete structures, either by assembling prefabricated elements or by executing monolithic elements in situ from simple or reinforced concrete, generate a high level of uncertainty in assessing quality and behavior in the long term. Their inaccessibility after completion limits the possibility of identifying defects and traditional risk analysis methods, based solely on the probability-impact relationship, do not sufficiently capture the specificities of production, assembly and casting processes.In this context, the paper proposes a technical risk assessment methodology integrating qualitative criteria with quantifiable parameters, such as detectability, accessibility and variability of execution, differentiated for industrialised and in-situ elements.The methodology includes an adaptive tracking datasheet designed to adjust the level of risk to actual site conditions and assessor experience. This makes it possible to identify the particularities of prefabricates, manufacturing tolerances, handling defects, non-conformities at joints, as well as the risks associated with monolithic elements such as segregation, insufficient compaction or quality variations of fresh concrete. The model is complemented by a post-execution- monitoring system based on non-destructive methods and predictive maintenance principles, whereby identified risks are converted into time-tracked parameters.The results highlight that the proposed approach leads to a more realistic prioritisation of risks and optimisation of the quality control processes of hidden works, helping to increase the reliability of concrete structures, whether made from prefabricated or in-situ moulded elements.In light of the evolution of digital technologies in construction, possible directions to extend the methodology are also discussed, such as the use of image processing for automated identification of non-conformities, the application of machine learning models for risk classification, or the integration of monitoring sensors for critical structural elements. These developments can help automate inspection steps and increase the objectivity and predictability of the assessment process, providing solid premises for improving quality control of hidden works in industrialised execution.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Techniques Implemented by Road Signal Analysis at National Level]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/rjti-2025-0011</link>
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            <pubDate>Sat, 21 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Road markings and traffic signs are integral components of road infrastructure and represent essential road safety elements. Their presence can either positively or negatively influence road users, thereby increasing or decreasing overall road safety, depending on their condition. Road markings and signs play a particularly important role in conditions of reduced visibility. In order for road markings and traffic signs to be visible in such conditions, they must be retroreflective. Retroreflection is the ability of an object to reflect light back towards a light source along the same axis from which it originates [1]. Therefore, in order to ensure adequate levels of reflectivity, both road markings and traffic signs should be checked periodically with metrologically certified measuring instruments.The aim of this paper is to highlight the methods used to analyse the variation in quality parameters on retroreflective films applied to the front of road signs by measuring the retroreflection coefficient RA.For longitudinal road markings, the parameter used to determine their quality is the retroreflected luminance coefficient RL, which is determined continuously.In this study, we looked at how the results were affected by weather and traffic conditions on road signs.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Traffic Data Collection Systems: VEKPI - Count.]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/rjti-2025-0014</link>
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            <pubDate>Sat, 21 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The paper presents the existing situation of automatic traffic recording systems located on the national road and motorway network in Romania, highlighting their technical and operational limitations, as well as the need to modernize and expand the traffic counter network. In addition, the implementation of an innovative vehicle counting and classification system based on the Raspberry Pi platform – VEKPI-count is developed and tested within a pilot project. The operating principles, technical and economic advantages of this system are presented, alongside comparative results obtained against conventional equipment currently in use.The results of the study indicate that the use of the VEKPI-count system leads to an improvement in the quality of traffic data and a reduction in classification errors, while providing a cost-effective solution for expanding the monitoring network. The large-scale implementation of such systems can significantly contribute to the analysis of the correlation of road accidents with road characteristics and to increasing traffic safety.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Behavior of Stone Mastic Asphalt at Low Temperatures]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/rjti-2025-0008</link>
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            <pubDate>Sat, 21 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This paper presents a detailed analysis of the influence of bitumen on low-temperature cracking of MAS 16 asphalt mixtures (stone mastic asphalt) used as wearing course on heavily trafficked roads. The study combines conventional bitumen tests (penetration, softening point, Fraass breaking point, ductility, Brookfield viscosity) with fundamental performance-related tests according to the SHRP methodology (Bending Beam Rheometer – BBR, Dynamic Shear Rheometer – DSR), as well as the Thermal Stress Restrained Specimen Test (TSRST) performed on asphalt mixtures.Five bitumens, both unmodified and polymer-modified, from two different sources were analyzed. The results show that polymer-modified binders exhibit a more balanced behaviour under extreme temperatures, with larger plasticity ranges, lower stiffness at low temperatures and improved thermal stability at high temperatures. TSRST fracture temperatures of mixtures containing modified binders are significantly lower (−35…−37 °C), whereas the corresponding cryogenic fracture stresses are higher, compared to mixtures based on unmodified binders.A good agreement was found between the stiffness limit temperature obtained from BBR tests and the fracture temperature determined by TSRST, confirming the relevance of fundamental binder testing for predicting mixture performance at low temperatures. Short-term ageing of bitumen (RTFOT) led to an increase of TSRST fracture temperature by 2–3 °C and to a performance decrease of up to 12 %, which highlights the need to define low-temperature performance requirements based on aged binder.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Correlation of Road Crashes with Road Characteristics]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/rjti-2025-0012</link>
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            <pubDate>Sat, 21 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Road safety remains a major global challenge, with more than 1.19 million fatalities recorded annually and persistent disparities between regions in terms of crash risk and infrastructure performance. Recent international reports indicate that progress in reducing road deaths has slowed, both globally and in the European Union, where 19,940 fatalities were registered in 2024—only a 2% decrease from the previous year. Romania continues to exhibit one of the highest fatality rates in the EU, with 4,527 serious crashes and 1,545 deaths reported in 2023. The PIARC methodologies (2003; updated 2025) provide a robust analytical framework based on reactive and proactive approaches, combining crash-based diagnostics with infrastructure-focused evaluations, including geometric consistency, friction management and the Potential for Improvement (PI) indicator. Recent studies further reinforce the established relationship between pavement condition, skid resistance, and crash occurrence, while technological advances—such as AI-based road anomaly detection—offer new avenues for proactive risk management. Integrating PIARC principles with national crash data and current research on infrastructure performance offers a coherent basis for modernizing Romania’s road safety strategies and prioritizing interventions with the greatest expected impact on reducing crash frequency and severity.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Analysis of the Component Elements of Traffic Safety Using Geospatial Tools]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/rjti-2025-0015</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/rjti-2025-0015</guid>
            <pubDate>Sat, 21 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The primary motivation for undertaking this study was the challenge of highlighting and effectively integrating new digital mechanisms into efforts aimed at improving traffic safety across the road network. The adopted working strategy is based on the fundamental principle that any dataset containing a known reference position, regardless of its nature, can be spatially represented on a map and transformed into an overview that is significantly easier to visualize and interpret. This approach facilitates understanding among all stakeholders involved, irrespective of their level of specialization in traffic safety. By applying this strategy, the ultimate objective is to transform the manner in which specialists access and analyze decision-support information, enabling rapid—sometimes near real-time—assessment from any internet-connected device.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Development of a Digital Tool for Quantifying and Classifying Traffic Entities]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/rjti-2025-0010</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/rjti-2025-0010</guid>
            <pubDate>Sat, 21 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Accelerated urbanization and rising traffic volumes require intelligent monitoring solutions. Technological evolution has enabled the development of software tools that were not possible in earlier periods. In our research a digital tool based on deep learning YOLO networks was used for detecting, classifying, and counting vehicles in real traffic. After analyzing existing methods, a custom dataset was created, images were labelled, and a YOLOv8 model was trained on five vehicle classes (cars, trucks, buses, trams). The model achieved an F1 score of 86% and a mAP above 90%, outperforming the pre-trained version. Detected vehicles were converted into standard traffic entities (VEs) to improve flow estimation accuracy. The results confirm the method’s feasibility and its potential for applications such as tolling, traffic analysis, and road maintenance. A set of model limitations was identified during the research, thus opening a new direction for further study. Future work will include the expanding of dataset and deploying the model for real-time monitoring, contributing to the digitalization of urban traffic management through AI-based tools.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Cost Analysis of Concrete Recycling in Road Works: A Case Study on Circular Economy in the Construction Sector]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/rjti-2025-0013</link>
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            <pubDate>Sat, 21 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The integration of recycled materials into technical solutions for new constructions and the rehabilitation of existing infrastructure remains a significant challenge in the transition towards a circular economy.This paper examines the feasibility of using recycled concrete in road infrastructure projects, considering the characteristics of Romania’s aging building stock, which predominantly consists of reinforced concrete structures. A case study was conducted to assess, from an economic perspective, three scenarios for constructing a shape layer for a county road: without recycled material, with partial use (50%) of recycled concrete, and with full utilization of recycled concrete. The results indicate that the scenario involving the complete use of recycled concrete offers the most cost-effective solution per linear meter. While the conclusions of this case study are limited to the specific conditions analyzed, they provide valuable arguments for incorporating recycled concrete into road infrastructure projects. Furthermore, the study highlights the need for extended research through additional analyses on a larger sample of reinforced concrete structures to validate the reuse potential of such materials under optimal technical and economic performance conditions. The development of the market for recycled materials, including their application in transport infrastructure, can lead to significant cost savings in both construction and maintenance, thereby supporting the objectives outlined in the national circular economy strategy. Future research could focus on the simulation and assessment of sustainable materials, such as eco-concrete, in the context of their recycling and reuse in the construction sector.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[A Comparative Analysis of Coal-Gas Substitution in Cement Sector Output as Derived Demand from Pakistan’s Infrastructure Development]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/rjti-2025-0009</link>
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            <pubDate>Sat, 21 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Structural changes in an economy depend on the development of physical infrastructure, which is crucial for the socioeconomic growth of any country and drives the demand for cement. Cement is a vital component for all sectoral transformations, such as the building industry, residential construction, and large-scale infrastructure projects. In light of rapid physical infrastructure development, this research employs the Cobb-Douglas production function to carry out a comparative analysis of coal-gas substitution in the cement sector’s output from 1990 to 2022. For both the long and short-run relationships, the study uses Error Correction Models based on the Cobb-Douglas production function. The results of the long-run and short-run models indicate a unidirectional causality effect from coal and natural gas consumption to output growth. Additionally, the statistically significant substitution effect from natural gas to coal consumption at the rotary kiln process reveals that coal conservation policies will reduce the growth performance of the cement sector, which is associated with environmental degradation, and lead to a decline in economic development. In contrast, the use of natural gas in the cement sector has the least influence on carbon dioxide emissions levels and is a more sustainable option. To achieve sustainable growth for physical infrastructure development, the Government of Pakistan should provide relative cost incentives to cement producers to shift their consumption patterns from coal to natural gas.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Comparative Aspects Regarding the Behavior of Fiberglass and Steel Reinforcement in Bridge Beams]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/rjti-2025-0006</link>
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            <pubDate>Sat, 21 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This study investigates the feasibility of employing fiberglass reinforcement as a substitute for conventional steel reinforcement in concrete bridge beams, with particular attention to mechanical performance and chemical stability within the alkaline environment of concrete.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Integrated Geotechnical Investigation And Slope Stability Assessment In Riyad, Saudi Arabia: Implications For Geography, Planning, And Development]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/rjti-2025-0007</link>
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            <pubDate>Sat, 21 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This research presents an integrated geotechnical investigation and slope stability assessment in the Riyad region of Saudi Arabia, a semi-arid area undergoing rapid urban development. The study combines field data, laboratory testing, and advanced geotechnical modeling to evaluate the mechanical behavior of local soils and their susceptibility to slope failure.Topographic and geological maps were analyzed alongside spatial data to identify critical zones, while numerical simulations produced safety factor curves under varying slope angles and soil parameters. Historical records of slope instability events were examined and statistically correlated with precipitation patterns, land use, and geological structures.Geographic Information Systems (GIS) were used to visualize hazard-prone areas, providing a clear geospatial context for decision-makers and engineers. The findings reveal key zones of vulnerability that require urgent mitigation efforts, such as slope reinforcement and improved drainage systems.This multidisciplinary approach, which integrates geotechnical analysis, statistical evaluation, and visual mapping, offers a comprehensive framework for managing slope stability risks in arid urban environments like Riyad.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[A Few Considerations About the Action of Vibration on the Human Elbow Joint]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/rjti-2025-0004</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 12 Aug 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Vibrations produced by modern equipment and machines used at work or in various other situations affect the human body over time. Studies have shown that the organs of our body have a certain resonance frequency. Once this value is reached, the effects of mechanical oscillations on the body are amplified. Since the main gateway for vibrations is the hand-arm assembly, the joints in this area are the first to be affected.Over time, people have wanted to understand the functioning of their body and the effects of the environment on the body. To simplify the study, attempts have been made to model the human body and its component elements. Thus, theoretical models have been created that imitate the functioning of areas of the human body and that have been subjected to possible situations in everyday life (exposure to vibrations, shocks, travel in rugged areas, overloads, etc.).The human elbow joint is a pivot joint that connects the arm with the forearm. It is exposed to vibrations that enter the body through the hand due to the manipulation of various machine tools or other vibrating equipment. Due to prolonged exposure to oscillatory phenomena, this joint can function poorly, affecting the circulatory and nervous systems.This article presents theoretical models and experimental determinations with the help of which the effects of vibrations on the human elbow joint were studied.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Advanced Visualization Techniques for Assessing Business Imbalances in Construction and Transport Infrastructure Management]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/rjti-2025-0005</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 12 Aug 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This paper represents an addition to the methodology described in previous research, introducing new methods of visualizing the results obtained through applying the integrated management analysis. The objectives of the research are to identify the methods that can be used by managers for visualizing the results of the integrated management analysis, to establish when a system is balanced or not and to find solutions to balance it. The first method is named the cardinal model, inspired by the four cardinal points used for terrestrial orientation. The second method is named territorial model, called like this based on the idea that a manager is a leader who wants to cover / conquer new territories that may belong to the external environment of the company or the internal one. These methods serve as a way for the consultant or manager to understand the orientation of the business, the scale of the existing resources within the business, and the effective use of those resources. The following representations are also useful for presenting the set of measures that must be taken in order to increase the productivity of the business, thus increasing the profits. The proposed solution should be simple and effective, thus appealing to a wide range of users. The results obtained in this paper are fundamental type.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Composite Steel-Concrete Orthotropic Decks]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/rjti-2025-0003</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 12 Aug 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This paper proposes a calculation methodology for composite steel-concrete orthotropic deck, adapted from the European design standards EN 1993-1-5, EN 1994-1-1, and EN 1994-2. The construction solutions analyzed include steel girders with a monolithic reinforced concrete slab cast over orthotropic plating, providing advantages such as increased bending and torsional stiffness, elimination of the need for bracing, and improved corrosion protection. The shear lag effect is evaluated at both serviceability (SLS) and ultimate limit states (ULS) using the models recommended by EN 1993-1-5. A case study illustrates the application of the method on a 38 m-span footbridge, where the effective plate width and the interaction between shear lag and local buckling are analyzed. Stresses due to concrete shrinkage, creep, and thermal effects are also considered. The results demonstrate that the entire plate width remains active, with negligible differences between effective and gross areas. The conclusions highlight the efficiency of the composite orthotropic solution in bridge design.]]></description>
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