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        <title>Green Sciences Feed</title>
        <link>https://reference-global.com/journal/PJCT</link>
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            <title>Green Sciences Feed</title>
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            <link>https://reference-global.com/journal/PJCT</link>
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        <copyright>All rights reserved 2026, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin</copyright>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Development and characterization of CO2 micro-nano dispersion system for enhanced oil recovery from shale oil]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/pjct-2026-0009</link>
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            <pubDate>Wed, 26 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This study examines the characteristics of strong heterogeneity, low porosity, and low permeability in shale oil reservoirs and develops a CO2 micro-nano dispersion system designed to enhance shale oil recovery. CO2 nano bubbles were prepared by hydraulic cavitation. Experimental results showed that CO2 nano bubbles exhibited good relative stability in deionized water for a short period but were significantly affected by the Ostwald ripening effect over a longer period. The study found that inorganic salts and surfactants had significant regulatory effects on bubble size and relative stability, with nonionic surfactants exhibiting the best stabilizing effect through a steric hindrance mechanism. The stimulation experiment indicated that the recovery rate of the CO2/low-salinity water/surfactant composite system was significantly higher than that of single CO2 injection, and injection pressure, gas–liquid ratio, and injection rate had important impacts on oil displacement.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Design of core–shell mesoporous silica nanospheres as a delivery system of nimesulide – physicochemical and biological characterization]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/pjct-2026-0007</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 03 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Nimesulide (NMS) is an anti-inflammatory drug, yet its clinical utility is limited by its hydrophobic nature and risk of hepatotoxicity. This study aimed to develop and evaluate the bio-response of core–shell mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) as carriers to improve the solubility and safety profile of NMS. Three MSN variants were synthesized via a modified sol–gel process by varying reaction times and surfactant concentrations. All materials exhibited a well-defined spherical morphology consisting of a dense silica core and a highly ordered amorphous mesoporous shell. The sample with a shorter reaction time possessed the largest pore diameter, which facilitated the highest NMS loading capacity of 23.5 wt%, compared to 17–18 wt% for the 6 h variants. In vitro biological evaluation using the HepG2 liver cell line confirmed the high biocompatibility of the developed silica carriers, with no significant changes in cell morphology. The results demonstrate that core–shell MSNs are an effective platform for NMS.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Preparation of a stable amiodarone hydrochloride formulation using various nanotechnology methods and pharmaceutical studies]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/pjct-2026-0006</link>
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            <pubDate>Fri, 12 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Amiodarone hydrochloride (AD), a Class II antiarrhythmic agent, is widely prescribed for ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias. However, its limited aqueous solubility constrains its clinical application. In this study, two chemically stable AD nanosuspensions were prepared via the evaporative precipitation into aqueous solution (EPAS) method and the wet-milling technique. The nanosuspensions were characterised by transmission electron microscopy, photon correlation spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD). DSC and XRPD analyses confirmed the maintenance of the crystalline state. In vitro dissolution assays demonstrated that both nanosuspensions exhibited significantly improved dissolution rates compared with their coarse suspension counterparts. Pharmacokinetic studies in rats showed that the oral bioavailability of AD in nanosuspensions (75.91 and 64.72%) was two to three times higher than that of coarse suspensions (33.31%).]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Novel process strategy for tandem hydrogenation of nitrile butadiene rubber: Simultaneous nitrile and olefin reduction with mitigated gelation]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/pjct-2026-0003</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 08 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This study presents the successful tandem hydrogenation of nitrile (C≡N) and olefinic (C═C) groups in acrylonitrile butadiene rubber using a rhodium hydrido complex, RhH[P(i-Pr)3]3, under mild conditions (60°C, 500 psig H2). A novel catalytic system was established to achieve the simultaneous reduction of both functional groups in a macromolecular polymer for the first time. The nitrile content was reduced from 40% to below 10%, while olefinic groups were hydrogenated to over 95% conversion within 5 h. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses confirmed selective conversion of nitriles to primary amines without forming secondary amine byproducts. Gel formation, a critical challenge in polymer hydrogenation, was mitigated using triphenylphosphine, which selectively terminated nitrile hydrogenation while allowing olefin reduction to proceed, thereby suppressing cross-linking. A proposed reaction mechanism highlights the dual functionality of the catalyst, involving sequential hydrogen activation and substrate interaction. This work provides a novel, efficient route for modifying nitrile butadiene rubber to enhance thermal and chemical resistance while retaining processability, and holds potential for applications in high-performance elastomer industries.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Recent research progress on graphene-based terahertz detectors: A review]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/pjct-2026-0005</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 19 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Terahertz radiation combines material penetration with molecular spectral characteristics, showing revolutionary application potential in fields such as security screening, industrial inspection, and medical diagnostics. Current detectors face limitations in sensitivity, response speed, and bandwidth at room temperature. Graphene provides breakthrough solutions for detector performance enhancement through novel physical mechanisms. This review introduces graphene terahertz detectors with different mechanisms, including photovoltaic, photothermoelectric, plasma wave rectification, photoconductive, and bolometric effects. It provides a detailed discussion on the dominance of photovoltaic and photothermoelectric effects in detectors, the advantages of photothermoelectric effects in graphene room-temperature terahertz detectors, and also discusses the realization and breakthroughs of plasma wave room-temperature resonance. Future development will focus on three key pathways: bandstructure engineering, multi-mechanism synergy, and scalable manufacturing techniques, which are expected to drive full commercialization and revolutionize multiple industries within the coming decade.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Numerical study on the influence of outlet diameters on the discharge characteristics of dual-outlet silos]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/pjct-2026-0002</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 27 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The efficient and safe discharge of powders from multi-outlet silos is critical in many industrial processes. This study applied a two-fluid model to investigate powder-gas dynamics in a dual-outlet silo with outlet diameters of 0.26–0.78 m. Results show that larger outlets accelerate subsidence of the free surface, deepen local depressions, and significantly raise particle velocities, leading to expansion of rapid-flow regions near the outlets. The powder volume fraction exhibits a W-shaped profile in the upper silo and a V-shaped distribution close to the outlets, reflecting the combined effects of gravity and silo geometry. Negative pressure zones consistently emerge above the outlets during early discharge; increasing outlet size not only amplifies these pressure peaks but also promotes faster recovery. Moreover, slight competitive effects between the two outlets were identified, indicating interaction in discharge pathways. These findings demonstrate that outlet diameter is a critical parameter governing both flow dynamics and discharge performance in dual-outlet silos.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Preparation and enhanced oil recovery mechanism of dual-shell amphiphobic fluorinated nano-polymer core–shell materials]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/pjct-2026-0001</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 27 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This study developed dual-shell amphiphobic fluorinated polymer core–shell materials (AFPCSMs) for wettability alteration in tight oil reservoirs. The materials comprise silica nanoparticle cores (30 nm), γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane methacrylic anhydride inner shells, and fluorinated polymer outer shells via 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate dodecafluoroheptyl methacrylate copolymerization. Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analyzer characterization confirmed successful dual-shell construction. AFPCSMs achieved superior amphiphobic properties with water contact angles of 145.3°, n-hexadecane contact angles of 132.6°, and surface free energy reduction to 1.44 mN/m (95.7% decrease). Stability tests demonstrated excellent retention rates: 92.1% thermal stability at 120°C, 94.7% salt resistance under 25,000 mg/L salinity, and 91.1% durability after 72-h flooding. Core flooding experiments showed enhanced oil recovery of 71.52% with 36.05 percentage points net increase (101.6% relative enhancement) and lowest pressure gradient (0.85 MPa/PV). Comparative studies confirmed the dual-shell design’s superiority over single-shell materials across all evaluation criteria, providing an effective approach for precision wettability control in challenging reservoir applications.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Integrated biovalorization of Pongamia pinnata seeds for sustainable biodiesel and bioethanol production]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/pjct-2026-0004</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 27 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Biofuels represent a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels, with non-food feedstock offering particular promise. This study evaluated Pongamia pinnata seeds as a dual feedstock for biodiesel and bioethanol production. Moisture content was determined at 8.0%, favorably lower than most lignocellulosic biomasses. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, indicating its suitability for biofuel production. Biodiesel was produced via alkaline transesterification, with the highest conversion (70%) obtained at a 5:1 alcohol-to-oil ratio. The de-oiled seed cake, rich in carbohydrates and low in lignin, was optimized for glucose release through Response Surface Methodology. Optimal conditions (100°C, 2.5 g substrate, 1.75% H2SO4, 60 min) yielded 429 mg g−1 glucose. Enzymatic hydrolysis further enhanced sugar release, with maximum glucose (118.21 mg g−1) achieved at 72 h with a 2.0 mL enzyme load. Subsequent fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae produced 6.71% ethanol. These findings highlight the potential of P. pinnata as a feedstock for integrated biorefineries, supporting sustainable biofuel production.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Electrocoagulation and Coupled Processes for Urea Wastewater Removal: Parametric study and gradient boosting optimization.]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/pjct-2025-0018</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/pjct-2025-0018</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 31 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This study investigates urea removal from wastewater using zinc-based electrocoagulation method, supported by Gradient Boosting Regressor modeling. The highest urea removal of 42% was obtained for 1.2 g/L initial urea concentration, 22 mA/cm2 current density, and a pH solution of 10, while natural pH (≈7.50) gave 30%. By applying the optimum conditions 27% of urea was removed from real hospital effluent. Application of GBR model leveraging Artificial Intelligence (AI) demonstrated a high predictive accuracy (R2 = 0.9825, RMSE = 0.01666) with experimental results. Treatment combination processes were investigated: Chemical Coagulation–Electrocoagulation achieved 35% efficiency, while two EC cycles yielded 45%. Electrocoagulated sludge characterization by scanning electron microscope/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis revealed surface irregularities as well as the presence of zinc, carbon, nitrogen, and sodium. These findings confirm the treatment’s effectiveness in removing urea and support the safe valorization and reuse of the sludge. EC proves effective and cost-efficient for industrial-scale implementation.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Effect of Poly (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) on the Release of Phenylacetaldehyde from Chitosan Matrix]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/pjct-2025-0019</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/pjct-2025-0019</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 31 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[To investigate the effect of Poly (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) on the extended release of Phenylacetalde-hyde, considered as a prototype of drug with aldehyde function, tow series of chitosan (CS) based systems were prepared; graft compolymers Chitosan-Phenylacetaldehyde–graft-poly(2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate) [CSPhAcAl-graft-PHEMA] with various PhAcAL ratios, and blends consisting of Chitosan-phenylacetaldehyde/Poly(2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate) [CSPhAcAl/PHEMA] with different PHEMA. PhAcAl was covalently attached to chitosan CS via Schiff base reaction assisted by pervaporation. FTIR and 1HNMR analyses confirmed chitosan Schiff base formation and its graft copolymerization with PHEMA, while distribution of PhAcAl within the copolymer matrix was examined using XRD and DSC analysis. Both systems exhibited pH-responsive swelling, however, significant differences were observed in their release behavior. CSPhAcAl/PHEMA systems with 3.74 and 8.98 wt% of PhAcAl content demonstrated the highest performance at pH 7. The release kinetics of the grafted systems followed the Korsmeyer-Peppas and Higuchi models, suggesting a Fickian diffusion-controlled mechanism. In contrast, blended systems demonstrated mixed behavior.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Advances in intrinsically self-healing solid polymer electrolytes for lithiumion batteries. Review article.]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/pjct-2025-0017</link>
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            <pubDate>Wed, 31 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The demand for high safety and long cycle life of lithium-ion batteries has driven in-depth research on solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs), but the problem of mechanical damage has severely limited their practical applications. Intrinsic self-healing SPEs provide innovative solutions for healing micro cracks and inhibiting dendrite growth, enabling dynamic network reconfiguration capabilities. In this paper, we systematically review the design strategies and research progress of self-healing SPEs: SPEs based on supramolecular interactions (e.g., quadruple hydrogen bonds achieving &gt;95% healing efficiency within 1–60 min at room temperature); SPEs based on dynamic covalent bonds (e.g., imine bonds enabling ionic conductivities up to 7.48 × 10–4 S cm–1); and synergistic design strategies combining dynamic covalent bonds with supra-molecular interactions. Critical limitations persist, including low intrinsic ionic conductivity (10–4 S cm–1 without plasticizers) impeding fast charging, unresolved trade-offs between mechanical strength (&gt;10 MPa) and healing efficiency (&gt;95%), along with unverified scalable manufacturing and long-term stability under extreme conditions such as high voltage or bending. Future research should prioritize cross-scale co-design of dynamic networks, develop intelligent sensing and adaptive healing systems, and advance engineering manufacturing processes. These developments will facilitate the transformation of self-healing SPEs from fundamental research to practical high-safety, long-lifespan energy storage devices.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Synthesis of Ag/ZIF-67 nanocomposite and its catalytic activity for the reduction of various nitrobenzaldehyde isomers]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/pjct-2025-0021</link>
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            <pubDate>Wed, 31 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The Ag/ZIF-67 nanocomposite was prepared by the reaction of cobalt nitrate hexahydrate (Co(NO3)2 · 6H2O) with 2-methylimidazole and silver nitrate (AgNO3). The morphology and structure of Ag/ZIF-67 nanocomposite were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy, which indicated that Ag/ZIF-67 composite was successfully synthesized with a rhombic dodecahedron structure. The catalytic activity of the hybrid nanocomposite (Ag/ZIF-67) was investigated toward the reduction of the nitro compounds (2-, 3-, and 4- nitrobenzaldehyde) to their corresponding amino compounds (2-, 3, and 4-aminobenzyl alcohol) in the presence of sodium borohydride (NaBH4) as a reducing agent. The rate for catalytic reduction of nitrobenzaldehyde isomers using Ag/ZIF-67 nanocomposite was in the order: 4-&gt; 2- &gt; 3- nitrobenzaldehyde. The kinetics study showed that the reduction of nitrobenzaldehyde isomers was followed by a pseudo-first-order reaction rate law.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Molecular Dynamics Investigation of Interfacial Interactions and Wettability in Coal–SiO2–Water Three-Phase Systems]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/pjct-2025-0020</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/pjct-2025-0020</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 31 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Molecular dynamics simulations were conducted to examine how methylated and hydroxylated coal molecules interact with SiO2 surfaces bearing corresponding functional groups. Coal adsorption and wetting strongly depended on both coal functional groups and substrate chemistry. Methylated coal (coalCH3) formed dense, planar clusters on hydrophobic SiO2–CH3, achieving nearly complete surface coverage (contact angles: 58.5°–67.7° at the surface; 81.9o–94.4° at the tetrahedral bottom), whereas on hydrophilic SiO2–OH it formed sparse spherical or rod-like aggregates (surface: 88.4°–130.6°; bottom: 64.4°–114.4°), indicating poor wettability. Hydroxylated coal (coalOH) exhibited chain-like clusters on SiO2–CH3 evolving into continuous adsorption layers, while on SiO2–OH it formed interconnected strip-like structures with limited spreading (surface: 62.7°–113.2°; bottom: 69.9°–71°). The energy decomposition results indicated that the interaction in coalCH3 systems is primarily governed by van der Waals forces, whereas electrostatic contributions play a dominant role in stabilizing coalOH structures, highlighting the influence of surface functionalization on adsorption and wetting behaviors.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Study on the Formation of Calcium Carbonate by Carbon Sequestration of Phosphogypsum]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/pjct-2025-0016</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/pjct-2025-0016</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 07 Oct 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Currently, the utilization and treatment of solid waste resources and the recycling of greenhouse gas CO2 need to be urgently addressed. Calcium carbonate powder was prepared by extracting Ca2+ from phosphogypsum, a by-product of wet-process phosphoric acid, with ammonium acetate solution and fixing CO2 with leaching solution. The effects of ammonium acetate concentration, liquid-solid mass ratio, reaction temperature, and reaction time on the leaching rate of Ca2+, and the effects of ammonia addition, CO2 concentration, and carbonization time on the conversion rate of Ca2+ were systematically studied. SEM, XRD, and particle size analysis were used to analyze the morphological characteristics and formation mechanism of carbonized products under different ammonia additions and carbonization times. The results show that under the optimal conditions, the leaching rate of Ca2+ can reach 97.9%, the conversion rate of calcium carbonate can reach 91.78%, and the D50 of calcium carbonate powder is 14.7 μm.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Fluorescent Polysaccharide-Silica-Based Drug Conjugate Nanocarrier Inhibit Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Proliferation]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/pjct-2025-0012</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 07 Oct 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a highly prevalent and aggressive type of lung cancer, often associated with a poor prognosis. Cucurbitacin B, a natural tetracyclic triterpene, has demonstrated remarkable anticancer activity. In this study, we engineered a novel drug delivery system, Dex-APDMS@CP1@1@ Cucurbitacin B, which incorporates synthetically derived compound 1 to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of Cucurbitacin B. The system was comprehensively characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and nitrogen adsorption techniques. Results revealed excellent stability, a uniform particle size of approximately 500 nm, and a high drug-loading efficiency of 35.2 ± 2.1 wt%. Additionally, the in vitro drug release study indicated that 88.6 ± 3.5% of Cucurbitacin B was released within 12 hours, demonstrating a rapid release profile. The successful encapsulation of the drug was further confirmed by effective fluorescence quenching. In vitro experiments showed that the Dex-APDMS@CP1@1@Cucurbitacin B system significantly inhibited the proliferation of NSCLC cells, highlighting its great potential for targeted cancer therapy.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Trends and mechanisms in agricultural mulch film microplastic pollution: a critical review. Review article.]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/pjct-2025-0015</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/pjct-2025-0015</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 07 Oct 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This study systematically reviews the formation, migration, and effects of mulch film-derived microplastics on soil ecosystems, as well as the combined effects of microplastics and pesticides. This review highlights that mulch film microplastics affect plant growth by altering soil properties, nitrogen metabolism, and photosynthesis. Additionally, microplastics have negative effects on animal growth, behavior, reproduction, and tissue integrity, with potential health risks to humans through food chain contamination. The migration of microplastics in soil is influenced by biotic and abiotic processes, that common soil organisms accelerate the dispersal of microplastics through bioturbation. The interaction between microplastics and pesticides was evaluated, revealing potential risks of enhanced soil pollution through changes in pesticide adsorption, degradation, and transport. Future research should prioritize the development of biodegradable mulch films, improvements in microplastic degradation technologies, and investigations into the environmental behavior of microplastics in soil to mitigate their ecological impacts and support sustainable agricultural practices.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[From Waste to Resource: Upcycling PET into High-Performance MOFs for Advanced Applications]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/pjct-2025-0013</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 07 Oct 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Due to the non-degradable nature of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and the widespread use in food packaging, clothing, and other fields of PET, discarded PET waste continues to accumulate globally, posing significant risks to both the environment and human health. Through chemical recycling methods, PET waste can be decomposed into terephthalic acid (TPA), which serves as an organic linker of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and demonstrates potential for achieving PET waste upcycling, thus garnering considerable attention. MOFs prepared from PET waste have been extensively applied in fields such as adsorption, catalysis, and energy storage. This review aims to analyze the latest research advancements concerning the MOFs prepared from PET waste to provide insights for further development in both the preparation and application of MOFs prepared from PET waste. The comprehensive analysis of this review highlights the innovative pathways toward addressing environmental challenges while enhancing the utility of recycled resources.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Bridge crack self-repairing based on nanosilica-modified bacterial solution]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/pjct-2025-0014</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 07 Oct 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[To address the challenge of self-healing concrete cracks (CCs) in bridge structures, a nano-SiO2-modified bacterial solution was developed and systematically evaluated for its effectiveness in enhancing crack healing performance. Calcium lactate, used as a calcium source, increased the surface roughness of calcium carbonate crystals, enhancing Ca2+ adsorption and achieving a mineralization efficiency (ME) of 2.18 mol/h at 36 h. The optimized application process—three treatments at 15-minute intervals—significantly reduced the concrete’s chloride migration coefficient (8.48 × 10-13 m2/s), electrical flux (327 C), and carbonation depth (2.8 mm after 13 days). After 28 days, the bacterial group repaired over 95% of both primary and secondary crack areas. These improvements are attributed to nano-SiO2 providing a high specific surface area for microbial adhesion and promoting calcium carbonate precipitation, thus accelerating crack closure. The proposed nano-SiO2-modified bacterial solution offers a sustainable and efficient approach to enhancing the durability and protective performance of concrete in bridge applications.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Research progress of emerging flame retardants for epoxy resin]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/pjct-2025-0010</link>
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            <pubDate>Thu, 17 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Epoxy resin (EP) has been widely used in many fields due to its excellent physical and chemical properties. However, its inherent flammability limits its application in some fields, and the development of efficient and environmentally friendly new flame retardants has become a research hotspot. In recent years, researchers have been committed to developing new flame retardants to improve the flame retardant properties of EP. The development of synergistic flame retardant systems, combined with the advantages of various flame retardants, has become a research trend. In this paper, the application progress of three kinds of new flame retardants in EP, including nano-materials, organic materials, and inorganic materials, is summarized. Their synthesis methods, structural design, and application prospects are compared, and a summary and prospect are given.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Investigation of Waste Cooking Oil processing using HAAS automated reactors system]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/pjct-2025-0007</link>
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            <pubDate>Thu, 17 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The processing of waste cooking oils (WCO) is a complex process that heavily depends on their chemical and physical properties. The work described in this article includes research on the processing of WCO samples using transesterification methods. An automated reactor system Matrix9 HAAS was used to perform process studies and FT-IR measurements.Transesterification of oils in the presence of KOH might be directly applied as the optimal one for oils with a low acid number, while for oils with a higher acid number an additional esterification step is advisable in the presence of an acid catalyst or under conditions of high temperature and pressure.]]></description>
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