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        <title>21st Century Pedagogy Feed</title>
        <link>https://sciendo.com/journal/PED21</link>
        <description>Sciendo RSS Feed for 21st Century Pedagogy</description>
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            <title>21st Century Pedagogy Feed</title>
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            <link>https://sciendo.com/journal/PED21</link>
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        <copyright>All rights reserved 2026, Sciendo</copyright>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Pedagogical Prudence as a Attitude of Teacher and Educator. the Reinterpretation of the Aristotelian-Thomist Concept of the Prudentiae Politicae in the Context of Pedagogical Practice]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/ped21-2020-0010</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/ped21-2020-0010</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 31 Jul 2020 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

In this article, I would like to attempt to reinterpret political prudence – a key skill for political action according to classical philosophy (Aristotle and Thomas Aquinas) – as a useful and even necessary skill for educators and teachers. This reinterpretation is made possible primarily by the fact that a significant part of the political works of classical authors is concerned with the upbringing and education of children and adolescents.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[The Presentations of Poverty in Global Education]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/ped21-2020-0003</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/ped21-2020-0003</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 31 Jul 2020 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

This article aims at analyzing the presentations of poverty in global education with a focus on Polish publications. The study demonstrates poverty definitions, categorizations and poverty in the global context – measuring methods and the causes and consequences that sustain global poverty cycles. To achieve the purpose of this article I refer to the history of global education and the comparison of two approaches, soft and critical. These elements outline specific ways of understanding poverty in global education discourse. Along with the historical, political and social context, two visions of poverty are clarified: the one focusing on helplessness of the poor and compassion and the one focusing on injustices of global systems and solidarity. The theoretical content is confronted with the analysis of three Polish global education publications for teachers and educators. The outcome of this article is a vision of poverty that seems to be majorly based on the principles of critical global education.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Męskość I Ojcostwo A Wyzwania Kultury Współczesnej]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/ped21-2020-0002</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/ped21-2020-0002</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 31 Jul 2020 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

Ojcostwo jest tematem tak ważnym i poważnym, bo faktycznie od ojcostwa, od tego, jakich mamy mężczyzn, mężów i ojców, ogromnie wiele zależy. Jeżeli miejsce, które w wychowaniu dzieci zarezerwowane jest dla ojca pozostaje puste, to powstanie luka, której nie da się odrobić ani zapełnić.
Obecnie brak ojca w rodzinie stał się nie tylko zjawiskiem zauważalnym, ale wręcz powszechnym. Mamy do czynienia z kryzysem męskości. Jest to poważny problemem, który stale przybiera na sile, i który z pewnością w najbliższym czasie nie zniknie.
Zgodnie z coraz powszechniej przyjmowanym nowym paradygmatem męskości, oczekuje się od mężczyzn pełnego zaangażowania w życie rodzinne i równego podziału obowiązków. Krytycznie ocenia się rolę ojca jako nieobecnego w procesie wychowania dzieci. Eksponuje się korzyści płynące z nowych doświadczeń, jakie przynosi angażowanie się mężczyzn w życie rodzinne i opiekę nad dzieckiem.
Trudno jest odpowiedzieć na pytanie „Kim ma być dziś mężczyzna”? Kryzys męskości pociąga za sobą także kryzys ojcostwa. Można powiedzieć, że jego wizerunek stał się kruchy. Często nawet zadajemy sobie pytanie: czy obraz ojca nie rozpadł się definitywnie na kawałki? W dzisiejszych czasach pytania te nie są bynajmniej oczywiste. Warto abyśmy sobie na nie odpowiadali, uświadamiali kryzys współczesnego rodzicielstwa i starali się szukać szans na jego odbudowanie.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Gamification as a Tool for Civic Education – A Case Study]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/ped21-2020-0005</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/ped21-2020-0005</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 31 Jul 2020 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

The article aims at presenting the possibilities of using games, most of all the board ones, in civic education of children, the youth and adults. The article will demonstrate activities of Pomorskie Stowarzyszenie Aktywni Lokalnie (Pomeranian Society Locally Active-PSAL), which has taken advantage of games in its activities popularizing public participation as well as in ecological education.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Tutor and Tutoring in the History of Education (to the Great French Revolution)]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/ped21-2020-0008</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/ped21-2020-0008</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 31 Jul 2020 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

The article aims at presenting the history of tutoring and the role of a tutor in one of the most significant educational concepts in the world starting with the ancient Mesopotamia, Egypt, China or the countries of Europe-Greece, Rome, England, Ireland, Kingdom of the Franks, the Roman Empire, France, Poland, Italy, ending with the immense social transformations sparked by the French Revolution. Throughout the centuries the role of tutors was of great significance since by staying in homes of their pupils not only did they educate but by the direct relation between a master and an apprentice, based on friendship and mutual trust, which initiated honest discussion, they influenced to a great extent the shaping of their pupils` personalities…
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Personalist Concept of Tutoring and Education]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/ped21-2020-0009</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/ped21-2020-0009</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 31 Jul 2020 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

The purpose of the article is to show the personalistic dimension of education as consciously and intentionally organized social activities, aimed at causing changes in human personality, shaping the right attitudes, beliefs and assimilation recognized by specific social environments – family, school, group – values, norms, behavior patterns and goals life, which is a dynamic and complex process that usually occurs in personal interaction.
In particular, I would like to strongly emphasize the fact that in philosophy, education is included in metaphysical, anthropological, ethical and axiological aspects. The beginnings of philosophical reflection on upbringing date back to the Greek παιδεία – the ideal of formation for mature humanity through harmonious physical, mental and moral development towards good and beauty. In the circle of European culture, this ideal has become synonymous with universal principles of education.
The contemporary multiplicity of the concept of upbringing forces researchers to holistically capture the essence of up-bringing, which can be provided by realistic philosophy and the personalistic concept of man embedded in it. In this perspective, the basics of upbringing and self-education are rooted in the ontical structure of the human being, its potentiality and contingency. For this reason, the European pedagogical tradition is not exhausted either in collectivism or in individualism. The educational tradition of Europe is παιδεία and a stream of philosophical realism complemented by Christian culture. This tradition is guided by the principle of personalism in upbringing, and the truly personalistic upbringing concerns the real man, it is an update of the living abilities inscribed in human nature. This applies by all means to tutoring.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[ADHD – Genetic or Cultural Conditions?]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/ped21-2020-0006</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/ped21-2020-0006</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 31 Jul 2020 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

This article discusses the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (Attention Deficit Disorder) with attention deficit disorder. The publication contains an attempt to explain and characterize the hyperkinetic team. The issues in it concern the causes and effects of the occurrence of the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children. The methods of functioning of a child with ADHD in the school and family environment are also presented. The author presents suggestions for helping students with ADHD as well as forms of cooperation with their parents. The article indicates positives resulting from the student’s statement of a hyperkinetic group. The author does not focus only on negative features of a given phenomenon, but presents them in a diversified perspective, she tries to see the values reflected in the culture of everyday life.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Empathy in Social Relations of the Modern World]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/ped21-2020-0001</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/ped21-2020-0001</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 31 Jul 2020 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

The present day is characterized by many new technical and scientific solutions. The goal is probably to improve human existence. A computer and any related issues or a mobile phone; they are supposed to make life easier, but they also generate many negative phenomena. One of the most important is communication, increasingly poor in content (sms), “virtual world” at the expense of the real. Negative phenomena have also occurred from the social side. The sense of social exclusion is intensifying, which is a good example of older people. Empathy is the solution and also a way to address the negative tendency. It results in prosocial processes, through which people will look for direct relationships in interpersonal contacts, so there will be a renewal of interpersonal relationships that have characterized humanity for centuries.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Dzieci Z Orzeczeniem O Potrzebie Kształcenia Specjalnego Na Etapie Edukacji Przedszkolnej – Refleksje Praktyka]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/ped21-2020-0007</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/ped21-2020-0007</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 31 Jul 2020 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

Artykuł składa się z krótkiego wprowadzania i refleksji na temat kształcenia specjalnego na etapie edukacji przedszkolnej w Polsce. Dalej omawiam istotne elementy procesu diagnozy i terapii w polskim systemie oświatowym. Opisuję rolę rodziców i poradni psychologiczno-pedagogicznej w tym procesie. Kolejnym elementem niniejszego opracowania jest charakterystyka dziewczynki, u której po trzech latach edukacji w ogólnodostępnym przedszkolu niepublicznym, zdiagnozowano zespół Aspergera. Zwięźle prezentuję jej historię jej pobytu w przedszkolu. Rozważania kończę opisem umiejętności dziewczynki na koniec tego etapu nauki. Historia ta pokazuje, że nawet późna diagnoza ma sens i może być szansą na rozpoczęcie kształcenia w szkole ogólnodostępnej na kolejnym etapie edukacji. Podsumowanie stanowi prezentacja wniosków płynących z własnego doświadczenia i lat przeżytych wraz z dziećmi z zaburzeniami w ich rzeczywistości terapeutycznej, często od momentu diagnozy do pokonywania kolejnych etapów edukacyjnych.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Sharing Stories: Students’ Experiences in Archaeological Education]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/ped21-2020-0004</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/ped21-2020-0004</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 31 Jul 2020 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

Society of Archaeology Students (SAS), in Polish: Koło Naukowe Studentów Archeologii (KNSA), is one of the oldest student societies working within the Institute of Archaeology of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń. In recent years SAS began to work in cooperation with other archaeological, historical and educational organisations, as well as with museums and open-air archaeological reservations. Most of our work is focused around building and maintaining the archaeological consciousness in contemporary society – not only through participating in various mass events but also through preparing workshops for people from local communities, as well as through adding archaeological impressions to various museum events and mass outdoor reenactment festivals. Within the current outlook on archaeological methodology, those actions are linked to so-called public archaeology – the concept that is still somewhat new in many areas of archaeological activities in Poland.
The following article concerns strategies that are present in the SAS’ archaeological popularisation initiatives, as well as our reflections and inquiries on the topic of archaeological education in contemporary reality, with its numerous homogenised, standardised or idealised concepts of the past, often mirrored in many historical festivals’ conventions. Through our observations based upon various experiences, we would like to try to determine how the archaeological education and popularisation could be more widely recognised not only as a valuable but rather as an inseparable part of being an archaeolo-gist – university scholar or a field-working one.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[The Shaping of Concepts and Philosophical Thinking in the Conscience of a Child]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/ped21-2019-0006</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/ped21-2019-0006</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 25 Nov 2019 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

The study aims at proving that philosophy plays a significant role in the process of development of a child. Thanks to it a child acquires a fuller comprehension of itself and the surrounding world. It also gains the need to express its own concepts, share doubts of existential nature.
A child articulates its amazement from the earliest stage of its development, which is a classical example of philosophical thinking. However, traditional terms seem to be the biggest obstacle in practicing philosophy with children. Therefore, it is avoided since it ought to be performed with the use of terminology which is alien to a child.
Discovering philosophy should become an adventure for a child, enabling it to recognize mental processes in a human being. It also allows the explanation of numerous phenomena associated with human attitudes, behaviors, rules of reasoning and acting, organization of the world and social life. In no way should anyone be forced to precise philosophy. A man must crave for it and miss it on his own. Childhood is the most appropriate period of time enabling to perceive philosophy as the love of wisdom.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[The Directions of the Development of the Russian System of Education in the 21st Century]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/ped21-2019-0004</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/ped21-2019-0004</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 25 Nov 2019 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

The article entitled The Directions of the Development of the Russian System of Education in the 21st century came into existence as a result of the continuation of research on the Russian education initiated with publishing of the series of articles in the 1990s as well as the book Democratic Transformation of Education in Russia, Krakow 2003. The first section of this article is devoted to the current structure of Russian education emphasizing its differences while comparing it to Polish education. The second section is a critical analysis of the state of Russian education at its all levels during the first two decades of the 21st cent., taking into account the changes the system has undergone since the period of Perestroika (1985-1989). The analysis is conducted from the perspective of the social situation of Russia undergoing disadvantageous demographic transformations, with the education influenced to a great extent by ineffective economy as well as Russia`s accession to the Bologna Accords. The final section presents the tendencies of the development of the Russian system of education taking into consideration its unfavorable socio-economic conditions and the lack of stabilization in the country. These are the main directions of the development of global and specific character, resulting from multicultural needs of citizens of this multinational state.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Media Education of Seniors as a form of Action Against the Digital Marginalization of People over 65 Years of Age]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/ped21-2019-0008</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/ped21-2019-0008</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 25 Nov 2019 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

We live in an ageing society that is technologically characterized at the same time In order to function well in it, one must have appropriate competences. Those can be acquired through media education. This is vital for older people who are exposed to digital marginalization. The exclusion occurs when some individuals or groups are not free to participate fully in the network society. The aim of this article is not only to prove that media education in practice affects the reduction of the digital divide but also that seniors can use media spaces to the same extent as younger generations. It is also intended to sensitize the society to the presence of seniors in the virtual space.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Mobbing in the Workplace-Causes and Consequences]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/ped21-2019-0002</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/ped21-2019-0002</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 25 Nov 2019 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

Mobbing is one of the most important threats to the functioning of the organization. It refers to the use of unethical activities whose purpose is to harm a colleague. The aim of this study is to present the most important issues related to the issue of mobbing and to describe its causes and consequences that it causes in the individual and social sphere. It turns out that it causes many negative consequences in the functioning of the employee and generates significant financial losses of the organization. An important aspect is the consequent elimination of it, which may contribute to improving the functioning of the organization and its employees.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Selected Problems of Education in Europe at the Turn of XX and XXI Century in the Case Law of European Tribunals]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/ped21-2019-0003</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/ped21-2019-0003</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 25 Nov 2019 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

The aim of this article is to analyze which issues, and why, influenced the systems of education at the turn of XX and XXI century to the extent that led to the need of resolving them at the level of international tribunals in Europe - the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) and the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR). Within the case law of the CJEU, the analysis was based on the cases concerning the right to education of migrant children and the right of the holder of a secondary education diploma awarded in a Member State to access the higher education institution in another Member State. As far as the case law of the ECtHR is concerned, the author considers the cases dealing with the issue of wearing headscarves and displaying crucifixes in educational institutions in the context of the freedom of religion, the case with a problem of an alternative for religious education in public school and the cases on the discrimination in education. The conclusion is that the systems of education are vulnerable to challenges faced by the entire society and reflect the changes undergoing within it.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Restoring a Man]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/ped21-2019-0001</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/ped21-2019-0001</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 25 Nov 2019 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

We lost a man - a person always rational, always free and gifted with the soul. We lost a man mainly in the space of language. Instead of a human is “individual” - a measure. This process has already accelerated in the second half of the 19th century. There is no human being anymore, there are individuals with a definable quality, and to segregate and destroy those who do not correspond to the desired image. Also in globally meant social aid. There is a need to go back to seeing the face of each human. Restore everyone.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[A New Model of Education and Upbringing in Polish School]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/ped21-2019-0005</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/ped21-2019-0005</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 25 Nov 2019 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

Is it necessary and worth reflecting on the choice of a model of education and upbringing in contemporary Polish system of education? What ought to be done to make school not only the transmission of knowledge but also the introduction to the world of values?
The current model can be characterised with the decomposition of a teacher’s role by the introduction of excessive pseudo-subjectivity of a student, and as a consequence getting rid of the “missionary” character of teaching profession, fulfilling the task of raising a conscious citizen and patriot, able to acquire knowledge necessary for finding one`s place in the constantly changing world.
The alternative for the current Polish model of education ought to be sought in the upbringing of an individual in personalised spirit, at the same time expressing the need for shaping its character within the culture of Latin civilisation. Thus, it will enable a young individual to overtake the control over his own process of development. Such an activity ought to become the foundation of the new model of upbringing in Polish schools.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Contemporary Education Towards Selected Phenomena. Case Study as an Educational Method – A Suicidal Aspect]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/ped21-2019-0007</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/ped21-2019-0007</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 25 Nov 2019 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

The article deals with issues related to contemporary education towards selected phenomena using the case study method. In recent years, the proposed topic is important. Very often, the presentation of aspects related to the case study in a much better perspective illustrates difficulties and problematic issues concerning social, medical or psychological phenomena. Analysis of a single case, using a detailed description, which is usually a real case, allowing to draw conclusions about the causes and results of its course and technical, cultural, social conditions, etc. The phenomenon of suicide is a very complicated process. To understand this issue thoroughly, modern teaching methods are used, thanks to which the adoption and understanding of even difficult material is used. The work is therefore of a theoretical and practical nature, as examples of case studies from conducted scientific research carried out on a group of people after suicide attempt from 2014 will be presented.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[I’m looking for a teacher and a master... – tutoring in the face of contemporary culture challenges]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/ped21-2018-0012</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/ped21-2018-0012</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 27 May 2019 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The article shows the actuality of Tadeusz Różewicz’s poetic confession: “I’m looking for a teacher and a master” in the postmodern world, dominated by mass media and multimedia, the world not guided by authorities. A young man is surrounded by chaos of mass culture, popular culture and cyberculture and he needs a tutor – master, he needs a tutor – guide, who will carry him through the world of cultural values specific for 21st century, emphasizing educational chances and dangers. The tutor should also inform his pupil about the importance of tradition for shaping one’s personality. From this perspective the tutoring is one of the most important challenge standing before the contemporary cultural education.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[I, tutor - a monologue of a reflective teacher, or how to properly understand his role]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/ped21-2018-0016</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/ped21-2018-0016</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 27 May 2019 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Tutoring is not only theoretical assumptions, but also the practical dimension of the relationship between the tutor and the student. The final result depends on the quality of this process, if a student who not only possessed knowledge but also took over the tutor’s attitude towards many issues, including the way of life. The study will show reflections on the practical use of the tutorial with general conclusions resulting from the tutorial educational work.]]></description>
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