Management of Organizations: Systematic Research Feed

A Use Case of Blockchain to Enhance Social Responsibility Performance

Sat, 27 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT

This article explores how blockchain helps organisations improve their capabilities to respond to stake-holders in order to enhance performance in the process of fulfilling social responsibility. Blockchain can ensure the “right to donation” of stakeholders, allowing them to independently and timely verify the authenticity of organisations’ social responsibility activities. It can also reinforce an organisation’s capability toward a positive ethical awareness, which in turn drives the development of more transparent and appropriate social responsibility activities. However, there is a lack of research on this topic. Therefore, the author adopted Litz’s adaptive behaviour model and single-case research design while selecting a non-profit organisation’s charity project for analysis.As a result of the analyses, the author proposes three research propositions: first, that blockchain can reinforce an organisation’s capability to perceive important stakeholders; second, that blockchain can reinforce organisations’ capability to deliberate major ethical issues; and third, that blockchain’s “good” can reinforce organisations’ capabilities to develop issue management. Finally, the author concludes that blockchain can fill the trust gap in corporate social responsibility endeavours. Blockchain can ensure the “right to donation” of stakeholders, allowing them to independently and timely verify the authenticity of social responsibility. Blockchain can also reinforce organisations’ ability toward positive ethical awareness, driving organisations to deliberate social responsibility actions more transparently and more appropriately. Its added values of ‘decentralisation’ and ‘asset transfer’ also enhance the organisation’s capability to manage issues in response to its social responsibility performance.

Tripartite Linear Relationships Among Job Satisfaction, Organisational Commitment, and Organisational Citizenship Behaviour in Non-Western Settings: A Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression Analysis

Sat, 27 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT

There is substantial evidence indicating a positive linear relationship among job satisfaction (JS), organisational commitment (OC), and organisational citizenship behaviour (OCB), with OC often serving as a mediating variable. The interaction among these constructs has garnered significant attention in organisational behaviour research due to its potential to enhance workplace dynamics and overall performance. However, discrepancies exist in the findings regarding the role of commitment and the nonlinear or reciprocal interrelations among these variables, as not all studies agree on the mediating or predictive capacity of OC and the unidirectionality of these latent variables. This underscores the necessity for a comprehensive meta-analysis and meta-regression, which will be conducted using R to quantify effect sizes and address existing inconsistencies. This analysis examines the linear relationship among JS, OC, and OCB in non-Western cultural contexts, addressing a literature gap. A total of 38 studies were analysed, encompassing 8,116 observations. Meta-analyses in R found correlations for random effect models: (JS-OCB) 0.414, (JS-OC) 0.463, and (OC-OCB) 0.410, indicating a moderate positive relationship. Heterogeneity statistics showed significant variability and genuine heterogeneity, and a funnel plot and Egger’s linear regression confirmed publication bias. Subgroup analysis suggested further investigation of moderators to clarify their influence on outcomes. Meta-regression explored the moderating effects of sample size. This study provides valuable insights and has impactful potential for researchers and practitioners, establishing a foundation for targeted interventions aimed at enhancing organisational effectiveness across diverse contexts. Additionally, it enhances the understanding of the strength of these interrelationships.

Application of the Dividend Discount Model to Determine the Financial Flexibility of Selected Iraqi Banks

Sat, 27 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT

The Dividend Discount Model (DDM) remains a fundamental technique applied in the estimation of a stock’s intrinsic value, with lots of advantages along with a few drawbacks. While various studies have been conducted earlier to investigate the financial flexibility of Iraqi banks through different measures, no study has made use of the DDM model to determine the financial flexibility. Thus, the current study is a first attempt to analyse the relationship between the Dividend Discount Model and financial stability in five Iraqi banks listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange during the period 2017–2023. For this descriptive analytical study, the Dividend Discount Model was considered as the independent variable, while financial flexibility (dependent variable) constructs such as the equity multiplier, debttoequity ratio, cash balance ratio and deposit to loan ratio were considered. A total of five banks listed on the Iraqi stock exchange were selected based on the availability of the information required for the analysis for seven years, i.e., the study period was between 2017 and 2023. The analysis was conducted to determine the growth rate of the dividend per share, dividend earnings per share, cost of equity, equity multiplier, DebttoEquity ratio, Cash Balance Ratio and DeposittoLoans ratio. The analytical findings revealed that conservative strategy, expansion strategy and a balanced strategy that maintained stable ratios despite increased financial risks, were followed by the banks to ensure their financial flexibility with varied findings in the discounted dividend model. While the study findings proved that there is a significant relationship between the discounted dividend model and financial flexibility measures. The study provided a few suggestions for future researchers to explore in this domain to fulfil the limitations of the study, such as a limited timeframe and sample size, and the application of new models for estimating the stock returns.

Exploring the Determinants of Graduate Job Stability in Algeria

Sat, 27 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Graduate access to stable employment remains a major challenge in developing economies characterised by high levels of labour market precarity. This study examines the determinants of access to permanent contracts in Algeria, which is considered a key indicator of employment stability. Drawing on human capital, social capital, and soft skills frameworks, the analysis focuses on individual-level factors that influence labour market outcomes. The study is based on a 2022 survey of 200 graduates from the National Higher School of Statistics and Applied Economics (ENSSEA). A binary logit model is used to estimate the probability of obtaining a permanent contract. The results show that additional educational attainment, weak social ties, foreign language proficiency, graduation year, and maternal education significantly increase the likelihood of stable employment. In contrast, the field of study, student work experience, gender, and parental occupation are not significant. These findings provide policy-relevant insights for improving graduate employability.

An Experimental Analysis of Gamification’s Impact on Customer Engagement and Retention in Subscription-Based Business Models

Sat, 27 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT

This study investigates the impact of gamification on customer engagement and retention in subscription-based business models through a six-week quasi-experimental field study. Using a streak-based gamification mechanism, we compared user behaviour between a gamified experimental group (n = 1,994) and a non-gamified control group (n = 2,107) within a live iOS subscription application. As group assignment followed onboarding status rather than randomisation, the design is quasi-experimental, and the results are interpreted as gamification-associated effects under real-world conditions rather than as strict causal estimates. Results show that gamification was associated with significantly higher engagement frequency, more stable retention, greater time investment per session, and higher conversion to paid subscriptions. At the level of daily aggregates, the experimental group exhibited 3.7 times higher daily goal completion, 4.5 times greater time investment per activity, and a 6.9-fold higher trial-to-paid conversion rate than the control group; complementary user-level analyses confirmed that these effects were broad-based rather than driven by a small number of highly active users. These findings provide ecologically valid evidence for the association between gamification and improved customer loyalty and business performance in digital subscription services. This study contributes to the literature by providing quasi-experimental field evidence linking gamification, engagement, and retention within subscription-based digital services and by demonstrating how engagement functions as a behavioural mechanism through which gamified experiences relate to conversion and long-term user value. Managerially, the results suggest that strategically integrated gamification features can serve as effective tools for improving customer lifecycle outcomes in digital subscription environments.

Corporate Governance Mechanisms and Tax Incentive Utilisation: Empirical Evidence from Nigerian Non-Financial Firms

Sat, 27 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT

This study investigated the impact of corporate governance mechanisms on tax incentive utilisation among 10 non-financial firms listed in Nigeria, using a panel dataset spanning 2014–2023. Employing Generalised Least Squares (GLS) regression, the research found that board gender diversity, board financial expertise, and board meeting frequency all significantly and positively influence the utilisation of tax holidays, loss relief, and capital allowances. Board financial expertise emerged as the most influential factor, demonstrating the strongest and most consistent positive effects across all tax incentive measures (e.g., β = 0.163, p < 0.001 for tax holidays; β = 0.792, p < 0.01 for loss relief; β = 1.132, p < 0.01 for capital allowances). This highlights the critical role of financial acumen in identifying and securing tax benefits. Board gender diversity also significantly enhanced tax incentive utilization (e.g., β = 0.075, p < 0.01 for tax holidays; β = 0.394, p < 0.05 for loss relief; β = 0.522, p < 0.05 for capital allowances), as did board meeting frequency (e.g., β=0.041, p<0.01 for tax holidays; β = 0.318, p < 0.001 for loss relief; β = 0.384, p < 0.001 for capital allowances). These findings align with agency theory, upper echelon theory, and resource dependence perspectives, suggesting that robust governance structures facilitate the strategic utilisation of legitimate tax incentives. The study contributes to the literature by emphasising proactive tax planning over avoidance, offering valuable insights for tax policy, corporate governance reforms, and regulatory frameworks in emerging economies.

Innovative Work Behaviour, Emotional Intelligence, Creativity, and Organisational Climate in High Schools

Sat, 27 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Innovations are one of the driving forces leading towards sustainable future, and schools represent a space where young people learn to use and create innovations. A significant aspect for innovative behaviour is the organisational climate in which teachers feel free to create and innovate. The emotional intelligence of teachers is another essential factor enhancing job satisfaction and strengthening personal relationships. Consequently, organisational climate, teachers’ emotional intelligence, and approach to education are crucial factors affecting teachers’ motivation to be creative and incorporate innovative teaching in their everyday work. The study analyses the interaction between emotional intelligence, creativity, organisational climate, and innovative work behaviour in general education schools in Lithuania. 336 participants took part in the survey research to empirically investigate the relationship among the four variables: emotional intelligence, creativity, organisational climate, and innovative work behaviour. Results revealed that there is a positive relationship between teachers’ emotional intelligence, academic creativity, and innovative work behaviour. The findings suggest that supporting teachers to increase their emotional intelligence may benefit their innovative work behaviour.

The Impact of Public Spending on Education on Unemployment: Empirical Evidence from Lithuania

Wed, 01 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT

This study aims to assess the impact of public spending on education on unemployment. The study also considers other factors affecting unemployment, such as gross domestic product (GDP), exports, foreign direct investment, and inflation. Hypotheses are proposed for each factor affecting unemployment. This empirical study analyses Lithuanian data from 2000 to 2023 using the ordinary least squares method. The results showed that public spending on education and foreign direct investment significantly reduces unemployment. The results also revealed that net exports have a very insignificant effect on increasing unemployment, and inflation does not have a statistically significant effect on unemployment. GDP was removed from the model due to issues encountered when testing the regression model’s assumptions.

Authenticity under Emotional Strain in Social Services Leadership

Wed, 01 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT

This study examines how leaders in the social services sector understand and enact authentic leadership while working with teams exposed to emotional strain. The research explores how authenticity is interpreted, how it is calibrated in everyday leadership practice and how it relates to trust and psychological safety. A qualitative interpretivist design with a phenomenological orientation was employed. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with ten social services leaders and analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. The findings show that authenticity is enacted as a relational and ethically grounded practice involving emotional regulation and boundary-work rather than unrestricted openness. Trust emerges when authenticity is calibrated and emotionally contained. The study contributes to understanding authentic leadership as a context-sensitive and emotionally disciplined practice in high-strain work environments.

Assessment of Factors Affecting Unemployment in Selected European Union Countries: A Gender Perspective

Wed, 01 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT

This paper aims to assess the impact of factors on unemployment in selected European Union (EU) countries from a gender perspective. The study covers three EU countries – the Czech Republic, Spain, and Lithuania – and spans the period from 1997 to 2022. The results show that education has no statistically significant impact on unemployment among women and men in any of the analysed countries. The results obtained using gross domestic product indicate that this factor has little or no effect on unemployment in almost all models, except for the Lithuanian male unemployment model, where an increasing effect was found. Unemployment benefits are the only variable with a statistically significant increasing effect on unemployment for both men and women in all countries analysed. Meanwhile, the effects of other factors – foreign direct investment, inflation and population growth – on unemployment vary between countries and by gender.

Regulatory Quality and Tax Revenue Performance: Evidence from Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Wed, 01 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT

This study examines the effect of regulatory quality on Tanzania’s tax revenue performance. It analyses the effectiveness of tax regulations in influencing government tax revenue collection. The study identifies the challenges facing tax regulations in the country and recommends some measures to improve government revenue collection. The main findings show that regulatory quality has a significantly positive influence on tax revenue performance in Tanzania. The study stresses the need to strengthen the regulatory system to achieve effective, wellenforced tax regulations and to promote voluntary tax compliance in order to increase tax revenue performance.

Can Metaeconomics be a Framework for MCDA in Management?

Wed, 01 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Metaeconomics is a methodological system integrating MCDA to bridge the gap between economics and management. It assesses multidimensional cases such as competitiveness, sustainability, and resilience in management. The paper reviews its principles, evaluates its strengths and limitations, and considers its perspective.

Case Study of Emotion-Based Charitable Foundation Communication: Consumer Evaluation of Emotional Content Used in Digital Communication

Wed, 01 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT

This article analyses consumer evaluation of emotional content used in the digital communication of a charitable foundation. The theoretical part of the article discusses the influence of emotional content on consumer engagement in digital communication, the influence of emotional content on consu mer behaviour and the use of emotional content in digital communication of non-profit organisations. After summarising theoretical insights, the article presents research results based on a quantitative public survey. The quantitative public survey is useful for the research to collect information and clarify respondents’ behaviour, attitudes, awareness, opinions, and other information relevant to the research regarding the emotional content used by the charitable foundation in digital communication on the social network “Facebook”, and to find out how such content influences consumer behaviour. The research results revealed that consumers evaluate the charity and support fund’s emotional content as helping to shape societal moral norms, partially helping them feel part of the organisation’s community, and partially providing personal added value. The content most evokes emotions in consumers due to the sensitivity of the topic being communicated. For the majority of respondents, the content used evokes negative emotions and primarily helps them understand the relevance of the issue of poverty. According to the evaluation of the majority of respondents, the emotional content used by the organisation did not encourage behavioural changes; however, those who were encouraged to change their behaviour began donating more and wasting less food.

Building Resilience: How Board Gender Diversity and Top Executive Gender Affect Company Leverage

Wed, 01 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT

The study examines the association between board gender diversity, top executive gender and financial leverage as a source of financial flexibility to support building company resilience in anticipation of crises and downturns. The study is based on listed companies in the Nordics and Baltics.

Forming the Image of Telecommunications Companies in Lithuanian Online Media

Mon, 12 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

This paper investigates the image of telecommunication companies, discusses theoretical aspects, and, using quantitative and qualitative content analysis, examines the image created by specific companies – “Telia”, “Tele2”, and “Bitė” – in the most popular Lithuanian online portals. This paper aims to determine the kinds of image of “Telia”, “Tele2”, and “Bitė” that are presented in Lithuanian online media in 2020. Research has shown that in online media, most articles are about “Telia”. “Tele2“ has the most positive image in the media, whereas “Telia” has the most negative. It was found that there is a relation between advertising investment and the positive image of a brand. The findings can be helpful for telecommunications companies’ management and for other researchers who can continue this research.

Esports Integration in Traditional Sports Federations: A Multi-Genre Approach to Esports Integration

Mon, 12 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

This article analyses the integration of esports into traditional sports federations, highlighting the importance of diversity in video game genres in digital communication and audience engagement. Based on academic literature and semi-structured interviews with representatives of Lithuanian sports federations, the study reveals that some organisations are already actively implementing esports strategies, particularly through sports simulation games, while others are only beginning the process or encountering institutional barriers. The analysis shows that sports federations are increasingly exploring non-simulation game genres, such as League of Legends, Fortnite, and Roblox, to reach a wider audience and adapt their communication to the media habits of digital natives. Genre diversity enables organisations not only to tell their stories in more interactive formats but also to unlock new sponsorship opportunities, strengthen engagement, and gradually develop a sustainable digital strategy. The article demonstrates that the integration of esports requires not only technological solutions but also shifts in organisational culture and educational efforts. Such changes are becoming essential for federations seeking to remain relevant in the evolving landscape of sport, media, and entertainment.

A Theoretical Analysis of Measures to Enhance Organisational Ethical Behaviour

Mon, 12 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

The problem addressed in this paper is the measures that can be used to enhance employees’ ethical behaviour in organisations. The objective of the research is to examine the measures employed to enhance ethical behaviour in organisations. In response to this, the research aim is to analyse which measures can be used to enhance ethical behaviour in organisations and to provide recommendations. The present research article provides a summarised theoretical analysis of the measures for enhancing organisational ethical behaviour that have been provided in academic literature. It also shortly explains the reaso ning behind it and provides summarised recommendations based on the theoretical literature analysis conducted for this research article for organisations that seek to promote ethical practices in their work environment.

Exploring the Role and Competencies of Project Leaders in Academic Research: Insights from Algeria

Mon, 12 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

This paper aims to examine the roles and competencies of project leaders in Algerian academic research, emphasising their contribution to effective knowledge production within research teams. The study adopts a qualitative approach, based on semi-structured interviews with 22 research project leaders. The findings highlight the critical importance of both transformational and distributed forms of leadership in ensuring project success and fostering collective engagement within research teams. Particular emphasis is placed on the project leader’s interpersonal skills, especially their ability to motivate, communicate effectively, and mobilise key resources to address emerging challenges. The paper concludes with a set of recommendations to support the development of leadership practices that are better suited to the operational realities of research project management in Algeria.

Emotional Content in Charitable Foundations’ Communication on Social Media: A Case Study Approach

Mon, 12 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

This paper analyses the use of emotional content in charitable foundations’ communication on social media. The theoretical part of the article discusses the opportunities of digital communication on social media, the use of emotional content in the social media communication of non-profit organisations and types of digital communication in marketing. After summarising the theoretical insights, the article presents the research results based on qualitative content analysis. Qualitative content analysis is useful for the study in order to identify the features and elements of the emotional content of the charitable foundation in digital communication in social media. The results of the study revealed that the words and phrases used, rhetorical and lexical styles, visual and auditory elements in the created content trigger emotions. Emotional content is both professionally and organically created. The latter evokes emotions due to the nature of the organisation’s activities, while professionally produced content aims to evoke stronger emotional reactions from consumers.

Factors Affecting Youth Unemployment: Empirical Assessment in the European Union Countries

Mon, 12 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

This article aims to assess the influence of factors on youth unemployment in the European Union. The study evaluates several significant factors: GDP growth, education of young people, migration of young people, and average wages. Using multiple regression analysis, the study aims to investigate the relationship between these factors and youth unemployment. The results show that none of the chosen factors have a statistically significant impact on youth unemployment. This may be due to the fact that the chosen factors can have a lagged effect, which was not tested in this study. Additionally, the results revealed that, when solving the problem of autocorrelation, an included lagged youth unemployment variable has a statistically significant effect on youth unemployment.