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        <title>Latvian Journal of Physics and Technical Sciences Feed</title>
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            <title>Latvian Journal of Physics and Technical Sciences Feed</title>
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        <copyright>All rights reserved 2026, Institute of Physical Energetics</copyright>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as a Tool for Enhancing Rapeseed Viability Under Excess Water Conditions]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/lpts-2026-0039</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 21 Sep 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Flooding is a critical abiotic stressor that adversely impacts crop growth, including rape-seed (Brassica napus L.). Iron oxide (Fe₃O₄) nanoparticles (NPs) are emerging as a promising approach for mitigating such environmental stressors. This study aimed to assess the potential of soil-applied Fe₃O₄ NPs to alleviate the adverse physiological effects of flooding on rape-seed. Under controlled climate chamber conditions, plants were subjected to flooding following a pre-treatment application of Fe₃O₄ NPs at concentrations of 0, 50, and 100 mg/L. Results demonstrated that the 50 mg/L treatment significantly mitigated flooding stress, evidenced by increased total chlorophyll content, improved root development, and enhanced scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). These antioxidant mechanisms reduced oxidative stress, thereby preserving cellular integrity and photosynthetic function. However, the beneficial effects were strictly dose-dependent; the 100 mg/L concentration exhibited diminished efficacy and induced phytotoxicity compared to the optimal 50 mg/L dosage. These findings demonstrate that optimised, low-concentration Fe₃O₄ NP applications can effectively enhance rapeseed resilience to flooding. Future field studies are required to validate these outcomes and elucidate the underlying mechanisms for practical agricultural implementation.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[System-Level Validation of Pem Electrolyser Balance of Plant: An Integrated Framework for Functional Performance]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/lpts-2026-0037</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 21 Sep 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The study presents a system-level validation framework for assessing the functional performance of the balance of plant (BOP) of a proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyser. The proposed approach addresses a methodological gap between individual component testing and verification of the integrated behaviour of interconnected auxiliary systems. The framework establishes traceability between the BOP architecture, subsystem interfaces, functional requirements, validation procedures, operating modes, fault scenarios, acceptance criteria, corrective actions, and final system disposition. Validation covered water management, thermal management, electrical power supply and distribution, hydrogen and oxygen handling, ventilation and HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning), instrumentation, supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA), operational-mode transitions, and safety functions. Six principal operating modes – startup, steady-state operation, load following, standby, shutdown, and emergency shutdown – were evaluated together with simulated abnormal conditions, including overpressure, overheating, power loss, gas leakage, and sensor-related faults. The results demonstrate that the principal BOP subsystems fulfilled their intended functional and safety roles within the defined operating envelope and that the interfaces between subsystems supported coordinated system operation. Two initial deviations were identified during validation and subsequently closed through corrective action and re-testing, including thermal-control adjustment and hydrogen-dryer maintenance. The final validation confirmed the absence of unresolved critical deviations and established the BOP as functionally acceptable for its intended application within the investigated operating conditions. The results support the hypothesis that architecture-based, traceable system-level validation provides a more integrated and traceable basis for demonstrating PEM electrolyser BOP functional readiness than isolated component testing. The framework can support commissioning, operational handover, future system modification, and scale-up, while its applicability remains bounded by the tested operating conditions, instrumentation accuracy, simulated fault scenarios, and exclusion of long-term degradation and regulatory certification.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Performance Enhancement of Microbial Fuel Cells Using Carbon Nanoparticles Produced by Laser Ablation]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/lpts-2026-0040</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 21 Sep 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Pulse Laser Ablation in Liquid (PLAL) was used to prepare carbon nanoparticles by using a carbon target immersed in deionized water (DW). Then, the target was irradiated with the first harmonic of an Nd: YAG laser, which has a wavelength of 1064 nm and a 6 ns pulse duration, and then the laser beam was focused on the target surface. The composite particles were studied to explore the effect of laser pulse energy on the size. Varying incident intensities 500 mJ, 1000 mJ give particle sizes from 52.09 nm to 26.49 nm, respectively. An atomic force microscope (AFM), pH meter, and electrical conduction (EC) testing of nanoscale solutions were included in the nanoparticle characterisation, with special attention to (1000) mJ laser pulse power level producing the smallest particle size. The nano-colloidal salt bridge prepared using the nano-colloids was used for the H-shape microbial fuel cell (MFC), whose performance was then tested. This study indicates that the Co NPs prepared with a mean pulse laser energy of 1000 mJ should bridge an electrolyte, which is a catalyst for increased output MFCs.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Adaptive Multi-Band DMR-Based System for Data Transmission in Civil Defence Monitoring and Alerting]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/lpts-2026-0038</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 21 Sep 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The continuity of national civil defence warning systems requires resilient backup communication channels that remain operational under crisis conditions, including long-term evolution (LTE) outages and intentional interference. This work presents the design and evaluation of a narrowband digital mobile radio (DMR)-based backup system employing a novel multi-band software-defined radio (SDR) transceiver architecture. Unlike conventional fixed-band implementations, the proposed prototype integrates five parallel radio frequency (RF) chains (150 MHz, 430 MHz, 868 MHz, 1.2 GHz, and 2.4 GHz), each equipped with dedicated filtering and antennas, thereby enabling rapid band switching without hardware replacement. Experimental point-to-point tests over a 6 km line-of-sight link, combined with Monte Carlo interference simulations, demonstrate frequency-dependent performance trends and validate the resilience benefits of multi-band operation. A methodological contribution of this study is the equalization of effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) across all channels using calibrated attenuators, which allows for fair cross-band comparison of metrics such as received signal strength indicator (RSSI), bit error rate (BER), and packet delivery ratio. The results confirm that very high frequency and ultra high frequency bands remain the most reliable foundation for long-range telemetry, while higher frequencies serve as auxiliary reserves. The proposed SDR-based multi-band approach enhances system survivability by enabling dynamic adaptation to spectrum congestion or electronic countermeasures, offering a practical and cost-efficient foundation for nationwide deployment of backup siren control networks.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Metal and Rare Earth Elements in Lapindo Mudflow Sediments: Environmental Impact and Economic Significance]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/lpts-2026-0033</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 21 Sep 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The Lapindo mudflow, which has been a source of significant environmental and socioeconomic challenges, has drawn attention to the contamination of sediments, particularly with metals and rare earth elements (REEs). A review of existing literature highlights various factors influencing sediment contamination, including natural geological processes and human activities such as mining and industrial operations. Research indicates that metals like cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), and iron (Fe), along with REEs such as lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), and neodymium (Nd), are commonly found in the Lapindo mudflow sediments. These elements not only impact local ecosystems but also have potential significance for their economic extraction, especially for optoelectronics application where its availability is crucial especially in current unstable word situation. Several studies also emphasise the role of miner-alogical composition, which affects the mobility, bioavailability, and retention of contaminants in sediments. Biological remediation, through natural processes such as phytoremediation and microbial degradation, has also been explored as a means to mitigate the negative effects of contamination. However, current literature highlights the need for more comprehensive studies on the long-term environmental and economic consequences of sediment contamination. This review concludes that while some aspects of Lapindo mudflow contamination have been explored, there remains a significant gap in understanding the full scope of the impacts and opportunities for sustainable management. The findings underline the importance of continued research to inform mitigation strategies and improve management practices for the long-term benefit of both the environment and local communities. Finally, Lapindo Mudflow can be considered a potential (alternative) source of strategic elements to sustain the production of optoelectronic components (photovoltaics, lighting).]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Probabilistic Characterisation of Service Lifetime of Ageing Infrastructures]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/lpts-2026-0035</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 21 Sep 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Ageing infrastructures are increasingly exposed to deterioration mechanisms related to time, environmental conditions, and increasing operational demands. Ensuring their safety and serviceability therefore requires continuous monitoring and reliable methods to assess their structural condition over time. In this context, several research chairs have recently been established in France and particularly in Grenoble. A common feature is the development of probabilistic approaches for the characterisation of infrastructure lifetime, and enhancing their resilience. This contribution aims to provide insight into multidisciplinary approaches leading to t h e so-called “fragility curves”. These curves, used and developed particularly in earthquake engineering, are being extended to various applications such as road infrastructures, steel structures or reinforced concrete structures, particularly under fatigue. This work is preliminary to the next ESReDA seminar where these chairs will be invited to present their contributions in greater detail.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Validation of Reanalysis and Mesoscale Wind Datasets Against Doppler Lidar Measurements at Hub Height in the Eastern Baltic Region]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/lpts-2026-0034</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/lpts-2026-0034</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 21 Sep 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This study assesses the performance of four reanalysis datasets, ERA5, NORA3, CERRA, and EMD WRF Europe+, by comparing them to Doppler LiDAR measurements taken at 192 m in Riga, Latvia. The analysis focused on wind speed, wind direction, Weibull distribution, turbulence intensity (TI), and its diurnal variation, using multiple statistical metrics. All datasets showed strong agreement with the LiDAR data, with correlation coefficients between 0.88 and 0.90. NORA3 performed best overall, while ERA5 had the lowest systematic and relative errors. Wind direction exhibited larger discrepancies, likely due to differences between short-term measurements and climatological reanalysis fields. Both CERRA and EMD underestimated turbulence intensity relative to LiDAR observations. Overall, the results indicate that reanalysis datasets can reliably estimate hub-height wind speed but require careful validation for turbulence intensity and site-specific wind resource evaluations.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Control-Plane Placement and Memory Substrates in Modern Agentic AI: A Comparative Method for Prompt-Native Systems, Agent Shells, and Durable Runtimes]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/lpts-2026-0036</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/lpts-2026-0036</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 21 Sep 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[AI agents that autonomously write, test, and modify code are now deployed across architectures that share similar surface features but differ substantially in where and how operating control is exercised. Contemporary systems span general-purpose SDKs, prompt-native work-flow packs, interactive coding shells, hosted agents, memory services, and durable workflow runtimes, yet the existing language of framework comparison often treats them as interchangeable. The remaining problem is comparative precision: these systems still look artificially similar if operational control and durable experience are assumed to live in the same architectural layer. This paper proposes control-plane placement, complemented by memory substrate analysis, as a comparative method for modern agentic systems. The organising principle is the enforcement set – the collection of architectural layers that can independently constrain agent behaviour, and the five system families compared here represent its five stable configurations. The method asks where workflow policy, tool exposure, permissioning, routing, verification, and recovery are specified and enforced, and separately how durable experience is stored, searched, updated, and reused across sessions. Using official documentation and open-source implementation evidence, the paper compares prompt-native systems, prompt-modular shells, runtime-governed shells, host-mediated or coordinator forms, and durable workflow runtimes across a twelve-system ecosystem. It contributes a qualitative coding matrix for control-plane salience and a companion memory-oriented comparison covering artefact memory, procedural memory, write-policy visibility, and traceability. The paper also argues that coding-agent benchmarks are best read as evaluations of model × reasoning policy × harness/runtime × memory substrate × environment under explicit tool, budget, and infrastructure conditions. The result is a more discriminating vocabulary for agentic AI and a clearer method for comparing rapidly converging systems.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Variable Angle and Spectral Ellipsometry Study of Porous Silicon: Internal Structure of the Layers]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/lpts-2026-0030</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/lpts-2026-0030</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 06 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[For a set of porous silicon on monocrystalline substrate samples, variable-angle and spectral ellipsometry has been carried out within 40…80° angle of incidence range (at 625 nm), and at the angles of 60°, 65° and 70° (within 1000…2000 nm range of wavelength). Angular dependencies of ellipsometric parameters were analysed according to several models of the reflective structure: 1) large-thickness single layer of porous material (which acts as semi-infinite medium in comparison to the wavelength); 2) two-layer model incorporating the same structure, just with additional finite layer on top of it. Experimental curves demonstrate better agreement namely with this two-layer model. Refractive indices of the media incorporated in the models were found, as well as the thickness of top finite layer. It was found that the porosity of the samples tends to be slightly higher near the surface than in the depth. Presence of surface layers of about 1 and 4 um thickness was revealed by spectral ellipsometry and scanning electron microscopy on a few of the samples. These layers demonstrate blurred boundary with the underlying porous material.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Cost-Optimised Design of Hybrid Solar–Wind–Battery Power Systems for Autonomous Communication Towers in Latvia]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/lpts-2026-0025</link>
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            <pubDate>Thu, 06 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The study presents a computational framework for optimising hybrid solar–wind–battery power systems for autonomous communication towers under Latvian climatic conditions. A Python-based model, incorporating pvlib, windpowerlib, and meteorological datasets (ERA5, NEWA), is used to simulate hourly energy generation, battery state of charge, and system costs across a three-dimensional parameter space of solar capacity, wind capacity, and battery storage. The primary objective is to identify the least-cost configurations that ensure at least 99 % tower uptime. Detailed results are demonstrated for one specific communication tower site in Latvia, where pronounced non-linear behaviour is observed between equipment cost and achievable uptime: initial investments yield rapid reliability gains, while approaching 99 % uptime requires disproportionately higher costs due to rare but prolonged energy deficit periods. For the built experimental reference tower, the globally optimal configuration achieving 99 % uptime includes approximately 36.7 kW of solar PV, 5.9 kW of wind, and 54 kWh of battery storage at a total cost of €45,000, while additional constrained scenarios with fixed existing solar or wind capacity are also evaluated. The results highlight the need for balanced scaling of all three components and provide spatially interpolated maps of optimal system parameters at over 10,000 points, supporting technically and financially sound design of off-grid communication tower solutions in Latvia.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Data-Driven 21700 Lithium-Ion Cell Sorting and Fair Comparison of UAV Battery Pack Configurations]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/lpts-2026-0028</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/lpts-2026-0028</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 06 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This paper presents a reproducible data-driven framework for selecting 21700-format lithium-ion cells and interpreting UAV battery-pack configurations. The study uses 289,132 sorting-machine measurement records, of which 288,076 OK records were retained after filtering, and six charge-discharge XLSX files with two different voltage windows. The main scientific question is how large-scale internal-resistance and capacity-screening data can be converted into pack-selection criteria without confusing voltage level with total cell count and stored energy. The results show that internal-resistance screening is useful for cell grouping, but the apparent advantage of 8S and 12S configurations must be separated from the effect of additional cells, higher pack energy, and mission-level mass. A simplified pack-level model and stochastic grouping layer are used to compare same-parallel-count and same-total-cell-count cases. The extended 4.50/1.70 V voltage-window tests are treated as boundary or destructive-validation data and not as a recommended reusable UAV operating regime.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Challenges in Resilience Modelling to Support Supply Continuity and Resilience Management Decision-Making]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/lpts-2026-0032</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/lpts-2026-0032</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 06 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The paper provides an overview of the challenges encountered in resilience mathematical modelling within the context of critical infrastructure (CI) protection, supply continuity, and resilience management decision-making. The paper is intended to contribute to the development of the resilience concept, its fundamental building blocks, and its relevant metrics, specifically suitable for risk engineering and sciences. It underlines the varieties of the concepts of resilience used in some scientific disciplines, such as materials science, ecological sciences, and psychological sciences. The use of the resilience concept is still very varied, especially in supporting the services supply continuity in disaster management contexts. An advanced resilience concept should encompass temporality, stochasticity and measurability. Its constituent should cover normalised specifications of disruptive events, critical infrastructure, hazards, vulnerability, robustness, dependencies, interdependencies, and recovery mechanisms. Formal models cannot be conceived without such normalised specifications, since formal models are necessary to design smart tools to support rational and effective decision-making in disaster management and critical infrastructure protection.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[A Comprehensive Study on the Reliability of GaN Transistors Under High Humidity, High Temperature, and Reverse Bias Conditions]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/lpts-2026-0031</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/lpts-2026-0031</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 06 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The paper presents a detailed study of the reliability of GaN high-electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) under high-humidity, high-temperature, and reverse-bias (H3TRB) conditions. Despite growing interest, the number of studies addressing the reliability of GaN HEMTs remains limited. This work differs from previously published studies in its comprehensive approach; for example, the H3TRB test is conducted beyond standard specifications (i.e., at 95 % relative humidity) and at two different reverse-bias voltages (the maximum rated value and 80 % of that value). The drain–source leakage current was monitored during a 1000-h H3TRB test conducted on 11 GaN HEMTs in PowerFLAT 5×6 packages at a temperature of 85 °C. Key electrical characteristics were also measured before the stress test and at multiple time points after its completion (1 h, and for selected parameters also after 168 h) to assess the level of degradation and to investigate possible recovery phenomena. The results indicate that GaN HEMTs in PowerFLAT 5×6 packages exhibit high reliability under H3TRB stress for durations of at least 1000 h, with no catastrophic failures and no significant degradation in electrical characteristics, even under conditions of 95 % relative humidity and maximum drain–source voltage.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Viability Evaluation of Hydrogen Systems for Airport Ground Support Vehicles]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/lpts-2026-0029</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/lpts-2026-0029</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 06 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The decarbonisation of airport ground support operations is essential for achieving aviation sustainability targets while maintaining high operational efficiency. This study evaluates the technical, operational, environmental, economic, and infrastructure viability of hydrogen fuel-cell systems for airport ground support vehicles (GSVs) using an integrated systems engineering framework and multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA). The assessment incorporates technical performance, operational characteristics, lifecycle environmental impacts, total cost of ownership, and infrastructure readiness. The results indicate that hydrogen-powered vehicles achieve an operational availability of 98.4–99.3 %, daily fleet utilisation of up to 94 %, and average refuelling times of approximately 4 min, enabling continuous multi-shift operation. Compared to conventional diesel vehicles, hydrogen systems eliminate local carbon dioxide (CO₂), nitrogen oxide (NOₓ), and particulate emissions and reduce lifecycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from 1,018 g CO₂-eq/km to 82 g CO₂-eq/km when renewable hydrogen is used. Economic analysis shows that although the initial infrastructure investment reaches EUR 5.8 million, lifecycle costs (EUR 496,800) become competitive with diesel systems (EUR 538,600), with estimated investment payback occurring within 8.1 years for medium- and large-scale airport applications. The MCDA results identify hydrogen fuel-cell technology as the highest-ranked propulsion option with an overall viability index of 9.19/10, outperforming battery-electric (8.69/10) and diesel (6.42/10) alternatives. These findings demonstrate that renewable hydrogen systems constitute a technically reliable, environmentally sustainable, and economically promising solution for future airport ground support operations while providing a practical framework for strategic infrastructure planning and airport decarbonisation.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Numerical Investigation and Aerodynamic Configuration Optimisation of a VTOL Flying Wing UAV]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/lpts-2026-0027</link>
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            <pubDate>Thu, 06 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The manuscript presents the results of the computational investigation into the aerodynamic characteristics of a Vertical Take-Off and Landing (VTOL) flying wing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), with particular emphasis on the aerodynamic behaviour of the lifting surface. The airflow around the model is analysed over a wide range of velocities corresponding to Reynolds numbers Re≈9.66×10⁴ – 1.29×10⁶. Special attention is devoted to the influence of the angle of attack (AOA), airflow regimes, and wing geometric parameters on the aerodynamic efficiency and stability of the aircraft.The following tasks have been achieved in this study: the development of the geometric and computational wing model; generation of the computational domain and mesh with verification of the grid convergence; computational modelling of the flow at different velocities and AOA; determination of aerodynamic coefficients; construction of the aerodynamic polar; evaluation of aerodynamic and energy efficiency; and analysis of stability and transition regimes, including the influence of ground effect.The study is based on the numerical solution of the unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations using the Low Reynolds k-ε turbulence model. The finite volume method has been applied for discretization. The simulations have been carried out in the SolidWorks/FlowEFD software environment using adaptive computational mesh and variable time step. The reliability of the results has been confirmed through the grid independence analysis.It has been found that within the AOA range α = -4° – 14°, the lift coefficient dependence CL(α) remains linear, while the drag coefficient CD(α) follows the quadratic trend. The maximum aerodynamic efficiency reaches K≈11 at AOA of α≈6°, corresponding to the optimal cruise flight regime. It has also been shown that the influence of the Reynolds number on the aerodynamic characteristics within the investigated range is insignificant. The static longitudinal stability of the aircraft has been confirmed by the negative slope of the pitching moment dependence. The characteristics of the VTOL transition regime have been determined, and a significant influence of the ground effect has been identified, leading to the increase in lift and the reduction in induced drag at low flight altitudes.The results of the study confirm the high aerodynamic efficiency of the flying wing configuration for VTOL UAVs. The optimal flight parameters and transition conditions providing maximum aerodynamic and energy efficiency have been determined. The obtained dependencies and identified patterns can be applied during the design, optimisation, and development of the control systems for UAVs of this type.The obtained results can be used not only for analysis purposes, but also as an engineering tool for the development of aerodynamically efficient UAV configurations at the early design stage, making it possible to reduce the need for experimental testing and shorten the flying vehicle development cycle.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Small-Scale Wind Turbine Energy Production in an Urban Environment]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/lpts-2026-0026</link>
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            <pubDate>Thu, 06 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[In this study, a commercial small-scale wind turbine (400 W, horizontal-axis wind turbine) is installed in an urban environment. A custom-built current and voltage monitoring system is developed to record the turbine’s power and energy production. The design and implementation of this system are presented in this study. Urban environments contain various obstacles and are generally not favourable for wind power generation. In this study, we investigate the realistic energy production potential of such a small-scale wind turbine under urban conditions. Windiness varies substantially in these areas, and significant fluctuations can occur within a single day. Our results show that a small-scale wind turbine with a nominal power of 400 W can produce approximately 10–15 Wh per day under favourable wind conditions. The measured peak power is around 85 W, which is considerably lower than the turbine’s nominal rating. Unlike manufacturer specifications and simulation-based studies, this study presents real-world measured power and energy data from an urban pico wind turbine installation.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Enhancing ML Particle Distribution Via Surface PEO in Complex Metal Geometries]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/lpts-2026-0017</link>
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            <pubDate>Wed, 27 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Mechanoluminescence can be used as a contact-free visualisation of deformation, but particle integration in complex geometries is challenging. The paper demonstrates a proof-of-concept approach, in which plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) is used to create a porous alumina layer capable of hosting SrAl2O4: Eu, Dy mechanoluminescent particles on aluminium substrates. A 15-minute PEO treatment produced an optimal microstructure for particle retention and mechanical stability. While embedded particles showed limited mechanoluminescence due to outward pore expansion during bending, applying a thin epoxy glaze enabled strong and repeatable luminescent responses during both loading and unloading. The mechanoluminescence contrast ratio remained stable across long delay intervals, indicating robustness against afterglow decay. CMOS imaging confirmed the feasibility of spatial strain mapping, though surface inhomogeneity currently limits resolution. These results establish PEO-based particle integration as a promising route toward wire‑free, full‑field stress visualisation in metal components and highlight key microstructural factors for future optimisation.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Comparative Machine Learning Framework for Permeability Prediction in a Heterogeneous Carbonate Reservoir]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/lpts-2026-0023</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/lpts-2026-0023</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 27 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The use of traditional well logs to predict the permeability of heterogeneous carbonate reservoirs remains a challenge because of complicated connectivity of pore networks and nonlinear petrophysical processes. Although many machine learning processes are suggested, many studies use small validation processes and one-model evaluations, which are bound to give encouraging results. The article reports a statistically transparent and benchmarked machine learning process of making predictions of permeability on a single dataset of 130 matched core-log measurements of the Mishrif carbonate reservoir in southern Iraq. To represent the variability of the permeability on a multi-order-of-magnitude scale and stabilise the regression behaviour, the permeability was scaled on log scale (log10(k)). As opposed to the preceding studies, a systematic comparison of four machine learning models, i.e., Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Support Vector Regression (SVR), Random Forest (RF), and Gradient Boosting Regressor (GBR) was conducted under identical conditions of 5-fold cross-validation to warrant that there was no bias in the analysis of generalisation. The findings indicate how powerful ensemble tree-based methods are whereby the optimum predictive performance (R2 = 0.92) was implemented using the Random Forest, then Gradient Boosting (R2 = 0.90), ANN (R2 = 0.88), and SVR (R2 = 0.85). In addition to predictive accuracy, the paper incorporates feature importance analysis, nonlinear sensitivity analysis, and two-dimensional interaction surface to obtain physical understanding of how porosity and shale volume interact with each other to affect the permeability behaviour. The results show that the increase in permeability as a result of the increase in porosity can be neutralized to some extent by shale‑associated flow limiting factors and this suggests the importance of modelling nonlinear processes in carbonate systems. The suggested framework offers a sensible and reproducible direction of log‑based permeability estimation and a goal benchmarking criterion of machine learning applications in heterogeneous reservoirs.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
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            <title><![CDATA[The Impact of Support for Medical Personnel Working in a High-Tech Environment on the Self-Assessed Health Status of Inhabitants]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/lpts-2026-0024</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/lpts-2026-0024</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 27 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The rapid advancement of high technologies in healthcare requires medical personnel to continuously adapt to new tools and processes. This study explores the impact of remuneration as organisational culture on the well-being of medical professionals working with high technologies and self‑perceived health status of inhabitants. The study identifies key factors that influence performance of medical professionals to decrease patients’ fear of medical personnel and institutions and increase awareness of qualified medical personnel related to more adequate remuneration. The objectives of this study are to analyse scientific findings on organ-isational culture and its relation to performance of medical personnel, as well as analyse data from the database IVP070 and DSV030 of the Central Statistical Bureau of the Republic of Latvia. For data analysis, descriptive statistics methods were used. Findings indicate that a strong organisational culture characterised by collaboration, leadership support, and continuous learning plays a crucial role in enhancing professional efficiency and patient outcomes. Furthermore, the study highlights how improved well‑being and efficiency among medical personnel contribute to the economic sustainability of the healthcare sector, general population and, consequently, the overall economic stability of the country. By improving efficiency through a supportive work environment, healthcare organisations can contribute to better service delivery and a more resilient economy, ultimately leading to increased national productivity and growth. This research highlights the importance of cultivating a positive organisational culture not only to improve individual worker performance and patient outcomes but also to promote the long-term economic sustainability and growth of a country.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
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            <title><![CDATA[Myths and Participation Gaps of Renewable Energy Project Resistance in Latvia]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/lpts-2026-0020</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/lpts-2026-0020</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 27 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This study examines why renewable energy projects in Latvia face local resistance despite generally high public support for decarbonisation. A mixed-methods approach was applied, combining regulatory and planning system analysis, comparative review of selected EU countries, a national survey (n &gt; 1000), and qualitative stakeholder and focus group insights. The results show clear differences in technology acceptance: solar energy demonstrates high approval across all cases, while energy storage and cogeneration show medium-to-high acceptance. In contrast, wind energy exhibits the lowest and most polarized acceptance levels. Survey and qualitative findings indicate that resistance is not driven by rejection of climate goals, but by three main factors: low trust in institutions, weak procedural justice in planning processes, and widespread misinformation. Empirical evidence reveals that public consultations are often ineffective, characterised by one-directional communication, a lack of facilitation, and a lack of feedback loops. Pilot interventions reveal that structured engagement formats can reduce conflict intensity (from high to medium), improve information clarity (from low to medium–high), and slightly increase trust levels. The study concludes that renewable energy conflicts in Latvia are primarily governance‑ related rather than technological. Improving procedural fairness, transparency, and communication through “myths versus facts” tools and local benefit assessment can significantly enhance public acceptance and support a more socially sustainable energy transition.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
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