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            <title><![CDATA[AI Adoption and Youth Labour-Market Slack: Early Evidence from EU Countries]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/lel-2026-0003</link>
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            <pubDate>Wed, 14 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This paper examines whether the sharp adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) is beginning to reshape age-specific labour-market outcomes in Europe. While public debate often focuses on junior job destruction, the first effects of AI may instead appear through weaker labour-market attachment, reduced hours or poorer early-career matching. Using Eurostat data for EU-27 countries in 2021–2025, we combine country-year measures of enterprise AI adoption with unemployment and labour-market slack by age group: youth workers aged 15–24, adults aged 25–54 and seniors aged 55–74. Country panel estimates show no significant differential association between AI adoption and youth unemployment relative to seniors. However, enterprise AI adoption is positively and consistently associated with labour-market slack among younger workers relative to seniors, particularly through forms of labour underutilisation that extend beyond unemployment. These results suggest that the early aggregate effects of AI may be less visible in unemployment than in broader forms of labour underutilisation. The findings point to the importance of monitoring the quality and stability of early-career labour-market entry as AI adoption accelerates.]]></description>
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            <title><![CDATA[Gender and career progression at the Banco de España]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/lel-2026-0004</link>
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            <pubDate>Wed, 14 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This paper reviews evidence on gender differences in wages and career progression among employees of the Banco de España, using anonymized personnel records for 1987–2023. Raw wage gaps largely disappear once professional category and working hours are accounted for, and overall promotion rates show no gender difference. However, women face a negative gap in competitive calls for higher managerial posts, but not in direct appointments or vertical promotions, and they apply less often. If applicants are positively self-selected, the estimated gap is a lower bound. The findings suggest that gender stereotypes may penalize women who seek leadership on their own initiative, despite substantial overall progress.]]></description>
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            <title><![CDATA[Beyond Skill Shortages: Mapping Multidimensional Skill Imbalances in OECD Labour Markets]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/lel-2026-0005</link>
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            <pubDate>Fri, 09 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Skill shortages are often treated as a general labour market constraint, yet they may coexist with surpluses in other skill domains. This letter provides a multidimensional assessment of skill imbalances across 34 OECD countries using the OECD Skills for Jobs database. Combining descriptive analysis, hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis (PCA), this study identifies country-level profiles and latent dimensions of cross-country heterogeneity. The findings show that skill imbalances are not reducible to a digital skills gap but reflect differentiated configurations of shortages and surpluses across labour markets. The letter contributes to the skill mismatch literature by showing the value of analysing shortages and surpluses jointly rather than as a single aggregate problem.]]></description>
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            <title><![CDATA[THE VALUE OF STATISTICAL LIFE AND QUANTIFICATION OF LABOR MARKET FRICTIONS]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/lel-2026-0001</link>
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            <pubDate>Thu, 11 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[If a government intervention changes mortality risk, it is common to express benefits monetarily by multiplying avoided fatalities by an estimate of the value of statistical life. The VSL literature has further potential use—to offer evidence on labor market frictions and thus the mortality-related distortion that a government occupational-safety intervention could address. This paper newly presents this evidence as an off-the-shelf tool for bounding costs and net benefits, akin to the tool that VSL itself has become for monetizing benefits. Labor market frictions have additional relevance for welfare analysis of government interventions, and this paper’s VSL extrapolations also include robustness checks on existing estimates of the cost to workers of employment disruptions.]]></description>
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            <title><![CDATA[Decomposition of unemployment in Spain 1980-2019: Evolution of structural unemployment]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/lel-2026-0002</link>
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            <pubDate>Thu, 11 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This paper provides an estimation of the structural component of the Spain's persistently high unemployment over 1980-2019. Using an innovative approach, unemployment is decomposed into frictional, structural, and cyclical components. Frictional unemployment is estimated through stochastic frontier analysis, while regression techniques and time series filters determine structural and cyclical components. The methodology overcomes limited long-term data by standardizing job vacancies and projecting employment trends backward. Findings reveal structural unemployment as the dominant factor, shedding light on Spain's chronic unemployment challenges and providing a foundation for further exploration of underlying causes.]]></description>
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            <title><![CDATA[Who shirks at work? A time use exploration]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/lel-2025-0002</link>
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            <pubDate>Wed, 31 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Shirking, or loafing, refers to the time workers spend at the workplace engaged in non-work activities, such as leisure, internet shopping, or social media. This paper examines the shirking behaviors of workers in the US using time use diaries from the American Time Use Survey for the period 2003-2019. We focus on the minutes spent shirking, the ratio of shirking time to market work time, and the probability of being a worker who shirks. Our results show that being female, holding a university degree, having specific household characteristics, working in the private sector, and having an unsupervised occupation are associated with less time spent shirking, lower shirking shares, and a reduced likelihood of being a shirker. These findings highlight key sociodemographic factors linked to workplace shirking and offer insights for employers and policymakers aiming to improve productivity and engagement.]]></description>
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            <title><![CDATA[Introducing Labour Economics Letters]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/lel-2025-0001</link>
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            <pubDate>Wed, 31 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This editorial introduces Labour Economics Letters as a new journal for concise, rigorous and policy-relevant research in labour economics. The journal builds on the intellectual and institutional legacy of the Revista de Economía Laboral, the Jornadas de Economía Laboral and the Asociación Española de Economía del Trabajo, while responding to a changing academic publishing environment marked by increasing submission volumes, longer review times and growing demand for timely evidence. We argue that a letters-format journal can complement existing full-length outlets by providing a rapid peer-reviewed channel for focused empirical findings, methodological contributions, replications, policy evaluations and frontier syntheses. The editorial principles of the journal are the following: double-blind peer review, methodological rigor, transparency, reproducibility, open access and accessibility for both academic and policy audiences. Our aim is that the journal becomes an international reference within current and future research frontiers in labour economics, including technological change, artificial intelligence, labour market heterogeneity, inequality, policy evaluation, administrative data, platform work, work–life balance and the interaction of labour economics with neighbouring disciplines. In sum, we expect that Labour Economics Letters will represent both a continuation of a scholarly tradition, but also a response to new scientific and societal needs.]]></description>
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