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        <title>Journal of Applied Engineering Sciences Feed</title>
        <link>https://sciendo.com/journal/JAES</link>
        <description>Sciendo RSS Feed for Journal of Applied Engineering Sciences</description>
        <lastBuildDate>Sun, 10 May 2026 14:21:00 GMT</lastBuildDate>
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            <title>Journal of Applied Engineering Sciences Feed</title>
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            <link>https://sciendo.com/journal/JAES</link>
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        <copyright>All rights reserved 2026, University of Oradea, Civil Engineering and Architecture Faculty</copyright>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Experimental Study on Cement Based Materials Incorporating Glass Powder and Guar Gum under Extreme Environmental Conditions]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/jaes-2025-0028</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/jaes-2025-0028</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 15 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

Mortar and concrete are the mostly used construction material composed of a mixture of cement, water, aggregates (such as sand, gravel, or crushed stone), and often additional additives or admixtures. It is widely used in the construction industry for various applications due to its strength, durability, and versatility. Key characteristics of concrete include strength, durability, versatility, fire resistance, cost-effectiveness, weather resistance, insulation, and decorative options. Concrete plays a vital role in the construction industry, providing the foundation for most buildings, infrastructure, and many other structures worldwide. Its composition and properties can be tailored to meet specific project requirements, making it an indispensable material in modern construction. Various fibers can be used to enhance the mechanical and bonding properties of concrete. Additionally, waste fibers after recycling can reduce the environmental burden. Keeping in this view, glass powder sodium silicate glass (SSG) is used as a replacement of cement with different percentages 0%,5%,10%, and 15% in combination of guar gum (GG) 1% for all mixes to prepare Glass Powder–Guar Gum Concrete (GPGGC). An experimental study is conducted to investigate the mechanical and durability properties of concrete by performing compression test, flexural test, alkali silica reactivity test, sulfate resistivity test and drying shrinkage test. For this, forty-eight concrete cylinders are prepared for compression test, twelve concrete prisms for flexural test and twenty-four mortar bars of four mixes are prepared for durability testing. Workability is checked of fresh concrete during the pouring of concrete cylinders. Poured cylinders’ samples are left for 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of curing. Various tests are performed on hardened concrete and mortar samples to evaluate the mechanical and durability properties. Results concluded that workability of four mixes lies between 62-94mm and the compressive strength of concrete has been improved using glass powder (SSG). Optimum results have been achieved at 15% as compared to other mixes 5% and 10% of concrete samples. Fibrous material is used as a binding agent and fibrous concrete is suitable for humid environments where high strength and voidless concrete are required. Quantity of cement can be reduced by using different fibers as a replacement of cement. Research recommended that recycled glass powder can be used in concrete as construction material and 15% replacement is suitable for optimum results.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Beyond Decibels: Comparing Conventional and Full-Spectrum, Frequency-Based Noise Assessment for Healthier Urban Environments]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/jaes-2025-0037</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/jaes-2025-0037</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 15 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

Urban noise pollution is a growing concern in contemporary cities, with conventional sound level measurements often failing to accurately capture its spectral complexity. This paper emphasizes the necessity of full-spectrum acoustic measurements, as opposed to traditional dB(A) maximum or average values, which overlook the frequency-specific characteristics of noise sources. Through several case studies conducted in Cluj-Napoca, Romania, involving intersections, speed breakers, and varying urban morphologies, we demonstrate that noise pollution manifests with identifiable spectral patterns. Understanding these patterns is critical for implementing effective and frequency-specific noise mitigation solutions. By comparing standard methodologies with full-spectrum analyses, this study advocates for a paradigm shift in environmental acoustic monitoring practices and urban noise management strategies.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[AI-Augmented Satellite Altimetry and in-Situ Civil Engineering Data for Coastal Deformation Analysis: A Field Validation Study]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/jaes-2025-0033</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/jaes-2025-0033</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 15 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

Coastal deformation, driven by sea-level rise, subsidence, and anthropogenic activities, represents a critical challenge for sustainable infrastructure and climate resilience. While satellite altimetry has become an essential tool for monitoring global and regional sea-level variations, its integration with ground-based civil engineering measurements remains underexplored. This study presents an AI-augmented framework for combining multi-mission satellite altimetry data with in-situ civil engineering observations to enhance the precision of coastal deformation analysis. Field validation was conducted using tide gauge records, GNSS measurements, and structural monitoring sensors from selected coastal sites in Europe and Asia, including the North Sea, Mediterranean coastlines, and the Bay of Bengal. Data preprocessing involved bias correction, temporal alignment, and outlier detection. Machine learning models, including convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and random forest regressors, were trained to detect nonlinear correlations between satellite altimetry-derived sea surface height anomalies and local deformation parameters, such as land subsidence rates and seawall displacement. Results demonstrated that the AI-augmented integration improved spatial resolution by nearly 30% and reduced noise levels by up to 25% compared to conventional statistical fusion techniques. Furthermore, validation against independent field datasets confirmed enhanced accuracy in detecting small-scale deformations, particularly in deltaic and harbor regions. The findings highlight the practical benefits of combining geodetic satellite technologies with civil engineering field data through AI, providing a robust decision-support tool for coastal planners and engineers. This research not only addresses gaps in the current literature regarding the joint use of satellite and ground observations but also underscores the potential of AI-driven data fusion to improve coastal risk management strategies. The proposed methodology is scalable, adaptable to diverse coastal environments, and capable of supporting climate adaptation policies in vulnerable regions worldwide.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Analysis of Annual Seasonal Signal in GNSS Time Series from GNSS Station in the Western Part of Romania]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/jaes-2025-0038</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/jaes-2025-0038</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 15 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

Earth’s surface deformation can be measured at millimeter level using continuous Global Positioning System (GPS) data. Periodic signals, mostly annual and semiannual, originating from geophysical, environmental, and instrumental processes can be determined in these time series. Improving geodetic products, fine-tuning tectonic velocity estimates and expanding knowledge of Earth’s system mass redistribution all rely on the accurate identification and interpretation of these seasonal signals. This article analyzes the annual seasonal signal amplitude of GNSS stations located in the Western part of Romania from two different CORS networks, one of which is for monitoring the tectonic movement. The results show that the annual seasonal signal of the East component exhibits an increase of three to four times the amplitude compared to the North component, whereas the Up component shows an increase between three to four times higher than the East component.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Data-Driven Prediction Model for the Compressive Strength of High-Volume Fly Ash Concrete using Machine Learning Algorithms]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/jaes-2025-0036</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/jaes-2025-0036</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 15 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

The assessment of concrete properties by conventional methods was uneconomical and time-consuming. The 28-days waiting period to assess its compressive strength may lead to construction delays. The advancement of Machine Learning (ML) technology can help to solve this issue by developing ML model to determine the compressive strength of the concrete, thereby avoiding the waiting period to start the subsequent work in construction. However, there was no prediction model has been developed for assessing the compressive strength of the High-Volume Fly Ash (HVFA) concrete and especially, the model that considers the accelerator as an input variable was not found. This paper introduces a ML prediction model to estimate the compressive strength after 28 days using various algorithms including Linear Regression (LR), k-Nearest Neighbor (kNN), Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Regressor (SVR), Gradient Boost Regressor (GBR), CAT Boost (CATB) regressor and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB). It was concluded that CATB model accurately predicts the compressive strength with R2 of 0.93, RMSE of 4.24 N/mm2 and MAE of 3.05 N/mm2.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Mechanical Behaviour of Expansive Soils under Cyclic Drying-Wetting Beneath Pavements]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/jaes-2025-0023</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/jaes-2025-0023</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 15 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

Expansive soils exhibit considerable volumes changes in response to humidity fluctuations, swelling upon water absorption and shrinkage during desiccation. This recurrent volumetric instability can induce differential settlements, often resulting in structural distress such as cracking in lightly loaded constructions. This study aims to analyse the behaviour of expansive soils under shrink-swell cycles by means of direct shear tests, oedometer tests and finite elements analysis. Hereby, number of cyclic drying-wetting of N=0, N=1, N=2, N=3, N=4, N=5, N=6, N=7, N=8 was investigated for more 200 undisturbed expansive soils from 6 locations in the study area. The soil samples exhibited a pronounced volumetric expansion of approximately 10% during the first two drying–wetting cycles. Beyond this stage, the swelling amplitude progressively diminished with each subsequent cycle, stabilizing at about 1% by the eighth cycle (N = 8). However, the shrink magnitude increased approximately from 10% to 50% as the number of swell-shrink increases. extent of cracking progressively increased with the number of swell-shrink cycles, resulting in an enlargement of the mesopore volume within the samples. Results from the direct shear tests performed under unconsolidated–undrained (UU) conditions showed that both the angle of internal friction and the cohesion underwent a pronounced reduction during the first two cycles. Thereafter, these parameters converged toward residual values corresponding to approximately 30% and 35% of their initial internal friction angle and cohesion, respectively. Exponential decay functions are derived from the test data, that describe the degradation of the shear strength, the angle of internal friction and the cohesion with increasing numbers of drying–wetting cycles. Furthermore, a finite element model has been developed by means of the software Abaqus for analysing the response of pavement resting on expansive soil under to repeated shrink-swell. The finite elements model has been validated with the in-situ results of falling weight deflectometer. The numerical results demonstrated that the pavement deflection and shear strain increase with increasing cyclic drying-wetting. As a result, cracks can occur in the pavement and compromising the serviceability limit state and the integrity of the pavement structure.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Performance and Durability of Laterite Soil Stabilized with Geopolymer Binder Made from Local Bio-Sourced Materials for Road Construction]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/jaes-2025-0022</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/jaes-2025-0022</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 15 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

This study examines the performance and the durability of the geocomposite obtained by replacing cement by rice husk ash (RHA)-based geopolymer in stabilizing laterite soil for the use in pavement construction. For that laterite soil was first characterized through tests such as Atterberg limits, compaction test, Californian Bearing Ratio (CBR) and Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS), and X-ray diffraction. Thermogravimetry (TG) coupled with differential (DTG) and X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the calcination of rice husk power (RHP) at 800°C leaded to amorphous silica needed for the geopolymer synthesis. It was found that the optimum geopolymer formulation 80%MK+20%RHA presents the best physical and mechanical performance, achieving a density of 1.61 t/m3, a water accessible porosity of 20% and an unconfined compressive strength of 24.6 MPa. The optimum geopolymer formulation was used to stabilize the laterite soil for base layer of pavement. Unconfined compressive strength of geopolymer-stabilized laterite soil is approximately 8% larger than that of cement-stabilized laterite soil. Unconfined tensile strength of geopolymer-stabilized laterite soil is approximately 20% larger than that of cement-stabilized laterite soil. Furthermore, the durability analysis showed that the unconfined compressive strength and the bending strength of geopolymer-stabilized samples decrease up to 70% of the initial compression strength and 75% of the initial bending strength with increasing cyclic wetting-drying, respectively. However, the unconfined compressive strength and the bending strength of geopolymer-stabilized laterite soil are approximately twice those of cement-stabilized laterite soil for a given cyclic number of wetting-drying. The FE simulations of pavement under traffic loading showed that the base layer stabilized with geopolymer and the base layer stabilized with cement present comparable performance regarding the vertical and shear deformation.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Battery Energy Storage Integration to Enhance Reliability and Reduce Start-up Stress in Hydropower Units: Case Study of AHE Drăgan–Iad]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/jaes-2025-0032</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/jaes-2025-0032</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 15 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

Hydropower plants are increasingly required to provide fast-response balancing services to compensate for the variability of wind and solar generation. However, frequent start-up and shutdown cycles impose severe mechanical and hydraulic stresses, reducing the mean time between failures (MTBF) and increasing unplanned outages. This paper investigates the Drăgan–Iad Hydropower Development (Romania), analyzing Reliability–Availability–Maintainability (RAM) indicators, vibration and cavitation monitoring, and the techno-economic potential of integrating Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS). Results show that BESS can reduce torque peaks by 20–40%, lower cavitation intensity by 25–30%, and extend MTBF by 13–15%. Economic evaluation indicates annual savings of EUR 50,000–90,000 from avoided outages, with a payback period of 5–6 years. Beyond technical benefits, hybrid hydro–BESS systems contribute to the sustainable modernization of hydro-technical infrastructures, prolong equipment and structural lifetime, and improve grid flexibility in renewable-dominated systems.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[The Use of Drones un Urban Construction: Technological Applications, Operational Benefits, and Implementation Challenges]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/jaes-2025-0031</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/jaes-2025-0031</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 15 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

The rapid expansion of urban areas generates an urgent need to adopt innovative technologies capable of optimizing engineering processes and addressing current demands for sustainability, safety, and accuracy. In this context, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs – drones) emerge as promising technological solutions in the field of urban construction, owing to their versatility, accessibility, and ability to provide high-resolution data within a short timeframe. This study analyzes the role of drones in various stages of urban construction projects in Romania, with a focus on applications such as digital mapping, photogrammetry, 3D modeling, progress monitoring, and technical inspections of infrastructure. The adopted methodology includes a combination of documentary analysis and qualitative interviews with experts, which underpin a conceptual model for UAV–GIS–BIM integration. The paper also proposes a four-dimensional matrix correlating technological applicability with levels of complexity, operational risks, and associated costs, providing an analytical framework useful for the strategic evaluation of UAV implementation in urban environments. The results indicate increased efficiency in data collection and processing compared to traditional methods, as well as significant potential for optimizing construction project management. Concurrently, current challenges are highlighted, including legislative, logistical, and professional training issues. The conclusions support the necessity for developing a standardized operational framework and suggest future directions for research and innovation in the domain of smart construction.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Flexural Behaviour of Rice Husk Biochar and Metakaolin Modified Concrete Beam]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/jaes-2025-0035</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/jaes-2025-0035</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 15 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

Although concrete is commonly utilized, it results in high CO2 emissions from the production of cement and has limited durability in specific applications. In this context, this research examines the impact of partially replacing cement with rice husk biochar (RHB) and metakaolin (MK) both combined and individually on the mechanical properties and flexural behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) beams. The cement is replaced with 1% to 5% for RHB and MK and their mechanical properties and flexural behaviours were examined. The findings indicate that incorporating RHB beyond 1% resulted in decreased mechanical strength, while the combined replacement of 5% RHB and 5% MK (RBMC5) significantly improved concrete performance. The concrete mix containing 5% RHB and 5% MK exhibited a 15.5%, 15.4%, and 15.46% increase in compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength as relative to Conventional concrete (CC), attributed to enhanced pozzolanic reactivity, pore refinement and interfacial bonding. Flexural tests on RC beams demonstrated that RBMC5 attained first crack, yield and ultimate loads that were 27.78%, 26.32% and 25.93% higher than the CC beam, along with enhanced ductility marked by increases in ultimate deflection and strain of 21.71% and 28.57%. The crack control was also enhanced, with a 13.10% reduction in maximum crack width, a 17.86% reduction in crack spacing, and a 50% increase in crack distribution. It was concluded that although RHB and MK showed specific advantages, their combined use as a replacement to cement resulted in the most significant enhancement in strength, deflection and cracking behavior.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Cyclic Loading-Induced Surface Degradation and its Effect on the Frictional Behavior of Tire-Asphalt Contact]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/jaes-2025-0029</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/jaes-2025-0029</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 15 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

This study investigates the cyclic friction properties of asphalt pavements under repeated loading by developing a custom-designed testing apparatus, which was rigorously calibrated to ensure stability and experimental reliability. Results show that both the frictional force and surface roughness decrease with increasing cycles, exhibiting a clear linear correlation. SEM analysis reveals the formation and accumulation of discrete abrasive particles on the tire surface, identified as a key factor contributing to frictional instability. Based on elastoplastic contact theory, the reduction in surface roughness is attributed to stress concentrations at the boundary layer, leading to material removal and wear particle generation. Furthermore, a spring-slider numerical model was established, and its initial results qualitatively match experimental findings. By adjusting the roughness parameter, the model demonstrates that friction force gradually decreases and stick-slip behavior weakens with increasing cycles, consistent with the experimental trends.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Ecological Landfills: Specialized Constructions for Sustainable Development]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/jaes-2025-0030</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/jaes-2025-0030</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 15 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

The quantities of waste, especially solid waste, have increased rapidly; the evolution of modern technologies and the accelerated growth of the world’s population have led to serious consequences regarding environmental pollution and the impact on natural geosystems. Industrial and household waste landfills are special constructions; they must be executed with respect for stability both during their use and after their closure. At a global level, waste management has an important effect on the pollution of air, soil and surface water, as well as groundwater. Waste landfills are special structures that differ in their construction materials, working technologies and the waste that is stored there. The execution and systematic operation of landfills, as well as the monitoring of their behavior over time, are regulated by national legislation that is updated in accordance with and in accordance with the environmental protection regulations of the European Union. In this regard, the purpose of our work is the general description of landfills; the presentation was made based on the bibliography with the example of the landfill built in the municipality of Oradea. According to the updated EU regulations, waste must be sorted, recovered and recycled where possible. Through national strategies, the quantity must be gradually reduced, decreasing the pressure on landfills. All EU countries must align themselves with the requirements and regulations in this field, strictly respecting the technical and environmental protection requirements.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Analysis of Power-Law Fin-Type Problems using Physics Informed Neural Networks]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/jaes-2025-0026</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/jaes-2025-0026</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 15 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

This study aims to model the temperature distribution in a single fin subjected to steady one-dimensional heat conduction with nonlinear thermal behavior. For the modeling and solution of the problem, the Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) architecture was used. The temperature-dependent heat conduction problem and the nonlinear boundary conditions of this problem were formulated with a differential equation. With the help of the PINN architecture, the loss function was minimized in order to reduce the difference between the true value and the predicted value. During this minimization process, the PINN architecture was forced to be consistent with the physical laws. The results obtained after training the PINN architecture exhibit successful performance in terms of accuracy and reliability when compared with the results in the literature. These findings highlight the potential of PINNs as a powerful alternative to conventional methods for solving complex nonlinear heat conduction problems.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Experimental Study on Perlite Mortars]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/jaes-2025-0025</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/jaes-2025-0025</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 15 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

The present paper presents some of the results of the experimental research carried out by the authors in order to obtain construction materials, mortars in particular, which are more environmentally friendly, less polluting, while aiming to obtain new materials that also help to increase the energy efficiency of buildings. The study includes the realization and testing of several mortar samples with different compositions in order to reduce the consumption of cement, a polluting material by its way of obtaining but a main component of mortars. The mortar samples had cement and perlite in different dosages and some of them also had lime in different quantities. They have been mechanically tested, determining bending tensile strengths and compressive strengths. At the same time, there are some physical characteristics for the mortars obtained, namely the density of the samples and their mass loss over time. The interpretation of the results obtained helps us to obtain useful information regarding the composition of mortars with the addition of perlite, an ecological material, difficult to degrade, with special physical properties and the possibilities of their use in constructions in order to increase the energy efficiency of buildings, reduce energy consumption and in identifying new efficient and sustainable solutions for constructions and for the built environment.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Considerations on the Energy Efficiency of Non-Residential Buildings in Romania]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/jaes-2025-0027</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/jaes-2025-0027</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 15 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

Energetic performance regulations within Romania are handled by both domestic standards and European mandated ones both of which are aimed at not only regulating energy efficiency criteria of a given building but also at gradually increasing it nationally on a standard level. The contents presented herein showcase the methodology of how this is implemented within the various building sectors, taking into account both the legislative norms and the methodology behind maintaining a high degree of energy efficiency within constructions based on their particular nature.An important position, both in the EU agenda and in the used political instruments, is represented by the mitigation of the impact of climate change on the natural environment, at a regional level. It is well known that a main cause of climate change is found within the emissions of greenhouse gases into the atmospheric air, the most important source being the burning of fossil fuels. The general finding of scientists is that CO2 emissions are the main cause of the increase in temperature of Earth’s atmosphere and that the lack of measures to control these emissions will lead to undesirable effects for humanity as a whole.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[A Python-Based Framework for the Transformation and Visualization of GNSS Data in Engineering and Geospatial Applications]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/jaes-2025-0024</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/jaes-2025-0024</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 15 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) observables are standardized in RINEX files, but most existing tools for position extraction are fragmented and require manual intervention. This paper introduces a Python-based framework that automates the processing of RINEX 2.11 observation files by extracting approximate receiver positions, transforming them into the WGS84 system, filtering invalid data, and exporting results in structured formats. The workflow produces multi-format outputs (CSV, KML, interactive maps), enabling direct integration with engineering and geospatial applications. Implemented in Google Colab with open-source libraries, the framework was validated on real datasets, demonstrating reproducibility, modularity, and scalability. The proposed approach supports diverse applications, including surveying, cadastral mapping, geodetic monitoring, and spatial data science.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[A Study on the Design of Nozzles with a High Air Entrainment Ratio]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/jaes-2025-0034</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/jaes-2025-0034</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 15 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

When a water jet passes through a layer of air and plunges into a pool of water, it is well known that it entrains a significant amount of air into the pool. This forms a submerged, two-phase region with a large surface area at the air-water interface. This process is called plunging water jet entrainment and aeration. This paper describes an experimental study of the air entrainment ratio of two-hole circular nozzles. Depending on which air holes were opened on the circular nozzles, negative pressure was created. The resulting aeration of the jet affected its expansion, shape, and roughness; consequently, it also affected the air entrainment ratio. The investigation showed that the maximum air entrainment ratio was achieved with a nozzle length four times the diameter of the nozzle. Higher air entrainment ratios were observed for air holes with diameters greater than 2 mm. Additionally, a design equation was developed to estimate the air entrainment ratio of two-hole circular nozzles. This equation considers the ratio of the nozzle diameter to the air hole diameter, the water jet length, the circular nozzle length, and the jet velocity at the nozzle inlet.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Energy-Efficient Rehabilitation of Buildings: Mitigating Heat Loss and Structural Risks in Pre-1990 Constructed Structures]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/jaes-2025-0012</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/jaes-2025-0012</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 19 May 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

Buildings constructed prior to 1990 are characterized by significant energy inefficiencies, predominantly due to inadequate thermal insulation, inefficient heating systems, and deteriorated façade elements. These deficiencies lead to considerable heat losses through exterior walls, windows, and terrace areas, resulting in elevated heating costs during the winter season and suboptimal indoor thermal comfort. Additionally, the structural integrity of these buildings is often compromised, increasing the risk of collapse due to the degradation of construction materials. This study analyses 20 educational buildings distributed across Romania, constructed before 1990, to evaluate their energy performance and identify patterns of inefficiency. Using advanced statistical methods, the research highlights key trends, including correlations between building geometry, material performance, and energy consumption. The findings underscore the critical need for comprehensive thermal rehabilitation, targeting a reduction in annual specific heat consumption for heating by an average of 30%, with projected payback periods of 5–7 years for key interventions. The paper explores a suite of energyefficient rehabilitation strategies, including wall and roof insulation, the upgrade of windows to low-E glazing, and the optimization of heating systems. The analysis incorporates geographic variations, demonstrating how regional climates influence energy performance and rehabilitation priorities. Results indicate that such interventions not only enhance energy efficiency and occupant comfort but also contribute to significant reductions in greenhouse gas emissions, aligning with national and European energy directives. By addressing both energy and structural deficiencies, this paper provides a robust framework for sustainable rehabilitation practices, offering actionable insights for policymakers, building owners, and stakeholders in the energy and construction sectors. The proposed measures aim to ensure the longevity, safety, and energy efficiency of pre-1990 building stock, ultimately fostering more sustainable educational environments across Romania.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Numerical Modeling and Simulation of the Mechanical Behavior of Self-Locking Blocks Made from Rice Huskplastic Composite Material]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/jaes-2025-0009</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/jaes-2025-0009</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 19 May 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

This study explores the valorization of rice husk and plastic waste through the design of self-locking blocks for construction. The objective is to model and numerically simulate the mechanical behavior of blocks composed of two composites: rice husk concrete and melted plastic. The blocks, named RHCP Blocks (Rice Husk, Cement, Plastic Blocks), consist of three 4 cm thick rice husk concrete plates, with the intermediate plate offset and assembled to the other two using a 1.5 cm thick layer of melted plastic. The results show that RHCP blocks exhibit a compressive strength of 4.1 MPa, more than twice that of rice husk concrete alone, which is 1.75 MPa. The tensile strength reaches 2.53 MPa, an increase of more than 2.5 times compared to rice husk concrete alone, which is 1 MPa. The RHCP block has a density of 914.17 kg/m³ and a thermal conductivity between 0.119 and 0.126 W/m·K, indicating insulating performance superior to traditional materials like brick or concrete. These characteristics make RHCP blocks as promising composite for applications requiring robustness and thermal insulation in sustainable construction.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Solutions for the Structural and Energy Rehabilitation of a Historic Monument Building in Oradea]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/jaes-2025-0010</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/jaes-2025-0010</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 19 May 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

The challenge for designers, architects and engineers lately is to offer sustainable solutions by rehabilitating and consolidating buildings with historical value. On the one hand, having the status of historical buildings, we must value them and pass them on to future generations in the spirit in which they were built, on the other hand, we must consolidate them and, why not?, if possible, make them energy efficient. The latter will only be attained if the aspect and spirit of the historic building are not altered. As material and method, this paper brings to attention an atypical and unusual case study, which offers new solutions for the energy efficiency of a historic monument building dating from around 1900, even though, in the current context of sustainable development, through the norms and legislation in force, these buildings are exempt from the obligation of energy performance indicators. The shortcomings of the building and the structural and energy rehabilitation solutions are presented. Their description highlights the shortcomings of the legislation in force and the need to adapt it to the real situation. In this paper, solutions given by the technical experts of the studied building structure were taken over and analyzed: engineers Stănescu Adrian Mircea and Radu Florin Comănescu – 2021-, and by engineer. Prada Marcela Florina - 2022 and by the energy auditor engineer Cristea Monica. Results from studies with similar topics were analyzed and taken over. The study brings to attention a comparison of the energy consumption and low carbon emissions results obtained on buildings that are not historic monuments with similar results of the case study building, a historic monument. Thus, this study demonstrates that there are energy efficiency solutions for historic monument buildings, with a positive impact on the environment by reducing CO2 emissions.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
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