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        <title>Folia Musei rerum naturalium Bohemiae occidentalis. Geologica et Paleobiologica Feed</title>
        <link>https://reference-global.com/journal/FBGP</link>
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            <title>Folia Musei rerum naturalium Bohemiae occidentalis. Geologica et Paleobiologica Feed</title>
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        <copyright>All rights reserved 2026, West Bohemian Museum in Pilsen</copyright>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[In Memory of the Palaeontologist RNDR Ctirad Sviták]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/fbgp-2025-0003</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 03 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Evidence of Ascomycete Hyphae on a Pennsylvanian Fern Compression, Czech Republic]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/fbgp-2025-0002</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 03 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The paper documented, branched hyphae preserved on the adaxial cuticle of pinnules of the Pennsylvanian leptosporangiate fern Discosoropteris chlupatum Pšenička et al. from the Whetstone Horizon, Radnice Member, Kladno Formation of the Pilsen Basin, Czech Republic. The hyphae occur as running structures on the leaf surface, show simple septa and lack clamp connections, consistent with an ascomycete affinity. Exceptional host-tissue preservation indicates rapid burial by volcanic ash and supports epiphyllous colonisation, most plausibly parasitic, although early saprotrophic colonisation cannot be excluded. This record expands the limited evidence of Paleozoic foliar fungi preserved as compressions and highlights the potential of volcaniclastic deposits for detecting plant–fungus associations.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Paleozoic in Situ Spores and Pollen. Early Land Plants]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/fbgp-2025-0001</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 03 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The paper reports records of in situ spores of Paleozoic early land plants totalling 44 genera with 72 species (including four subspecies). Their reproductive organs yielded in situ spores belonging to 3 cryptospore species and 18 spore genera with 59 species. All descriptions of in situ spores have been modified employing current terminology for the description of Paleozoic spores. In situ spores of early plants are usually small, morphologically simple and can be divided into a few morphological groups. The most abundant spore genera are Apiculiretusispora, Retusotriletes and Ambitisporites.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Proceedings of XVI International Palynological Congress and XI International Organization of Palaeobotany Conference, 28-31 May, Prague, Czech Republic]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/fbgp-2024-0004</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 28 Apr 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Morphology, Life-History Strategy, and Affinity of the Barrande’s Larva]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/fbgp-2024-0002</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 28 Apr 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Barrande’s larva is an early developmental trilobite stage (protaspis) characterized by an effaced, gently vaulted circular exoskeleton about 1 mm in diameter. This early stage was described in 1943 by Robert Růžička. The reinvestigation of all known specimens provides new insights into morphology, ecology, and systematic assignment of this peculiar trilobite stage. The absence of palpebral lobes and eye ridges in Barrande’s larva suggests this protaspid stage belongs to a blind trilobite species. Moreover, the meraspides of a blind conocoryphid trilobite Conocoryphe, which comes from the same strata, fit well the estimated size of the meraspid specimens of Barrande’s larva. It is therefore assumed, that Barrande’s larva is a protaspid stage of Conocoryphe. The large size of Barrande’s larva, its slightly inflated exoskeleton with wide glabella, and low abundance at the type locality indicate lecithotrophic development.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Rhizophydites bicornis Nov. Sp. (Fossil chytridiomycota) from the Rhynie Chert, Scotland]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/fbgp-2024-0001</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 28 Apr 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Fungal spores from the Lower Devonian Rhynie chert are frequently colonized by other fungi; however, only a few of these colonizers have been described. Rhizophydites bicornis nov. sp., which occurs on certain thin-walled fungal spores, is monocentric and characterized by inoperculate zoosporangia that are broadly citriform or spindle-shaped, ovoid, inversely triangular, or irregular, up to 25 μm high and 40 μm wide, and usually lie with their long axis perpendicular to the point of insertion on the host. They typically have two lateral opposite discharge papillae. In some cases, secondary zoosporangia have developed from the walls of old sporangia. Similarities between R. bicornis and the extant Rhizophydium goniosporum and R. transversum (Rhizophydiales) are used to suggest affinities of the fossil to the Chytridiomycota.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Endolithic Microborings in Corals from the Acanthopyge Limestone (Middle Devonian, Eifelian; Barrandian Area; Czech Republic)]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/fbgp-2024-0003</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 28 Apr 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Three types of microborings are described on corallites of auloporid corals from the Acanthopyge Limestone, Choteč Formation, Middle Devonian (Eifelian) of Central Bohemia. Straight unbranched galleries and swellings of Irhopalia isp. are interpreted as being produced by a phototroph, likely a chlorophyte. Two other rare ichnospecies likely represent sponge borings (Entobia? isp., Dendrina? isp.). The microborings are preserved by the hydrated iron oxide mineral casts after pyrite fillings. The perfect three-dimensional preservation of the microborings represents an alternative for the resin casting method, which cannot be used in solid limestone, where the microborings are filled by precipitated calcium carbonate.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Accumulations of Fossil Cephalopod Shells and Attached Epizoans from Some Late Ordovician Localities (Barrandian Area, Czech Republic)]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/fbgp-2023-0002</link>
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            <pubDate>Sun, 19 May 2024 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[As yet undescribed accumulations of shells of orthoconic cephalopods, which are in some aspects comparable to cephalopod limestones known from the Silurian and Lower Devonian of the Barrandian area and other regions of the world, occur in the Letná and Zahořany formations (middle Sandbian and lower Katian stages, Upper Ordovician, central Bohemia). These accumulated shells are often colonized by sessile organisms. Only a small proportion of these organisms could be attached to shells of alive cephalopods; the majority of them used empty shells as solid substrates. The most abundant epizoan is the cystosporate bryozoan of the genus Ceramopora that often overgrows the cephalopod shells extensively. Holdfasts of the genus Sphenothallus and problematic fossils assigned to the genus Conchicolites are common. Rarer epibionts include the bryozoan Spatiopora, the cystoid echinoderm Codiacystis and the brachiopod Ptychopeltis. Varying sizes of bryozoan colonies occurring on the same cephalopod shell point to several recurring attachment events, probably reflecting reproduction cycles.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Organisms Attached to Conulariid Thecae from the Upper Ordovician of the Barrandian Area (Czech Republic)]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/fbgp-2023-0003</link>
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            <pubDate>Sun, 19 May 2024 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[In the middle Sandbian and lower Katian (Upper Ordovician) rocks of the Barrandian area, the fossil remains of conulariids are relatively abundant. Their thecae were sometimes used as solid surfaces for the attachment of epizoans, mostly craniid brachiopods of the genus Petrocrania, more rarely also echinoderms Hemicystites and Agelacrinites, and bryozoans Ceramopora and Spatiopora. The orientation of shells of Petrocrania suggests that conulariids (mostly belonging to the genus Archaeconularia) were dead at the time of the brachiopod attachment, their thecae were partly fragmentary and secondarily replaced. A find of Pseudoconularia grandissima attached to the theca of the cystoid Codiacystis is also reported.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Conulariids of the Monograptus Belophorus Zone (Motol Formation, Sheinwoodian, Wenlock) of the Barrandian Area, Czech Republic]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/fbgp-2023-0001</link>
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            <pubDate>Sun, 19 May 2024 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The new material of conulariids is described from the mid-Sheinwoodian “Miraspis Limestone” at the famous Špičatý vrch locality near Loděnice in the Barrandian area. Although poorly preserved, three taxa have been determined, referred to the Archaeoconularia cf. fecunda (Barrande, 1855), Conularia proteica Barrande, 1854 and Metaconularia (?) sp.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Construction of the Metro Line D in Praha-Pankrác: An Introductory Report About a Unique Opportunity for Study of the Upper Ordovician Fossil Assemblages and Sediments in the Prague Basin (Czech Republic)]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/fbgp-2022-0006</link>
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            <pubDate>Sun, 16 Apr 2023 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The construction of the new metro line D in Praha-Pankrác provides a unique opportunity to study different aspects such as lithology, stratigraphy and fossil assemblages from the Upper Ordovician and Silurian of the Prague Basin. Results from the sections in tunnels mined so far allowed detailed information about the succession of fossil assemblages, facies variability and actual thicknesses of the upper part of the Bohdalec Formation, the Králův Dvůr and Kosov formations in this part of Prague Basin. The stratigraphic position of Michle Facies in the Bohdalec Formation was also indicated.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[The Rare Trilobites Exallaspis (Odontopleuridae) and Kosovoproetus? (Tropidocoryphidae) in the Homerian (Silurian) Of The Prague Basin, Bohemian Massif]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/fbgp-2022-0005</link>
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            <pubDate>Sun, 16 Apr 2023 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The deep-water Aulacopleura koninckii Assemblage in the lower Homerian (T. testis Sub-Biozone) “Aulacopleura shales“ strata at the classical ‘Barrande’s pits’ locality on the Černidla hillside at Loděnice in the Prague Basin is supplemented by the addition of two new trilobite taxa, viz. Exallaspis? perunicana sp. n. and Kosovoproetus? aff. praecursor (Přibyl &amp; Vaněk 1987). The palaeogeographic distribution of Exallapis Ramsköld &amp; Chatterton, 1991 is extended by the occurrence of Exallaspis? perunicana sp. n. and the younger Exallaspis sp. in the upper Homerian (the P. parvus – G. nassa Biozone) of the Prague Basin, reflecting the faunal migration between the southern shelf of the Baltica palaeocontinent and the Perunica microcontinent accross the Rheic Ocean. The small dimensions of the K.? aff. praecursor exoskeletons compared to those of K.? praecursor in the bordering shallow-water Liolalax–Sphaerexochus– Cheirurus Assemblage represent another example of adaptive nanism in trilobites of the Aulacopleura-Raphiophorus Biofacies.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Diminutive Epibionts on Crinoid Stems from the Lower/Middle Devonian Boundary in the Barrandian, Czech Republic]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/fbgp-2022-0003</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/fbgp-2022-0003</guid>
            <pubDate>Sun, 16 Apr 2023 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Diminutive crinoid holdfasts and cemented tests of the foraminifers Psammosphaera and Tolypammina were observed on coarse bioclasts in weathered limestones of the Daleje-Třebotov Formation. Specimens were obtained in 1984 by washing so called “white beds” at a temporary locality in Praha- Barrandov. A few millimeter sized bioclasts with epibionts were freed from hard limestone beds of the Třebotov Limestone near the Lower/Middle Devonian boundary by long-term weathering. Many of the crinoid holdfasts attached to pluricolumnals provoked a stereomic response of the host crinoid. Also the growth orientation of the crinoid epibiont is not random and indicates some crinoid-epibiont to crinoidhost interaction. Reaction of host stereome and non-random stem orientation offer direct evidence of epibiont larval settlement and subsequent growth on the stem of a living crinoid host. The extensive growth of the host stereome ended by partial to total engulfing of the epibiont holdfast. This indicates advancing and finally successful defence of the host crinoid against the epibiont. The holdfast gives evidence that the small host crinoids offered a somewhat higher tier for even smaller epibiont crinoids. However, other observed holdfasts indicate fixation of larva and growth over loose bioclasts lying on a sea bed. Location of foraminifer test on bioclasts confims that foraminifers cemented and grew on loose echinodermal and brachiopod remains and preferred crevices and similar protected sites with concave profiles. This is clear evidence that diverse bioclasts (brachiopod shells, pelmatozoan ossicles) provided the hard substrate suitable for epibiont life on a sea bed.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[The Earliest Cyrtina (Brachiopoda, Cyrtinidina) in the Devonian of the Barrandian (Czech Republic)]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/fbgp-2022-0001</link>
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            <pubDate>Sun, 16 Apr 2023 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The earliest known Cyrtina in the Prague Basin has been discovered in the Kotýs Limestone of the Lochkov Formation (Lochkovian) among a rich brachiopod-coral fauna at Branžovy ridge near Bubovice (Beroun District, Czechia). Rare and imperfectly preserved silicified shells are assigned to Cyrtina praecedens Kozłovski, 1929, a species originally described from Podolia, Ukraine. The species is known also in north-eastern Russia (Tajmyr and Sette-Daban Mts) and likely also in New South Wales, Australia. Its distribution provides evidence of the rapid spread of Cyrtina across the shallow shelves of Laurussia, Siberia and Gondwana in the Early Devonian. The Devonian and Carboniferous distribution of Cyrtina is restricted to the agitated, shallow-water carbonate environment in tropical and temperate climatic belts.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Seminal Insights Concerning the Variety of Sidertic Structures and Variable Genesis and of Sideritic Occurrences: An Unexplored Source of Palaeontological Information (Sydney Coalfield, Middle Pennsylvanian, Canada)]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/fbgp-2022-0004</link>
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            <pubDate>Sun, 16 Apr 2023 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Reported are descriptions of twelve samples representing a variety of sideritic structures, including nodules mostly from roof shale of the Middle Pennsylvanian Sydney Coalfield, Canada. The co-occurrence of fossiliferous nodules and compression fossils in the shaley roof rocks at Point Aconi enhance greatly palaeontological information. Newly discovered in a coal seam, and part of the sample, is a 40 mm thick continuous sheet-like layer of siderite with abundant permineralized-like-compressed small to micron-sized structures in a rather evenly-sized sideritic matrix, probably indicating a genetic origin different from that of the nodules. Methods include some thin-section, and two X-Ray analysis. However, large systematic sampling is a prerequisite to explore that situation, which additionally could provide faunal information for Euromerican correlation.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Heterosporangia in Isoetes Pantii (Isoetaceae, Pteridophyta): Revealing the Beginnings of Heterospory and Recalling Paleozoic Ancestors?]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/fbgp-2022-0002</link>
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            <pubDate>Sun, 16 Apr 2023 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The extant plant genus Isoetes (Isoetaceae; lycophyte, quillwort) is important from an evolutionary point of view. Species of this heterosporous genus are small herbs (up to 50 centimeters) and exhibit some morphological, anatomical and embryological features of their Paleozoic arborescent lycopsid ancestors. The species Isoetes pantii produces three kinds of microspores (monolete, alete and trilete) and two types of trilete megaspores in one and the same heterosporangium. We attempt to associate these unusual functional megaspores with various Paleozoic spores described mainly from Devonian barinophytaleans such as Omniastrobus dawsonii, Barinophyton richardsonii, B. citrulliforme and Protobarinophyton pennsylvanicum. These have two kinds of spores in a sporangium and provide the first palynological evidence of heterospory at 405 Ma. The germination of microspores and megaspores and production of gametophytes within the heterosporangia of I. pantii corresponds with that of some of its Paleozoic ancestors. Retention of megaspores within heterosporangia and their germination in situ offers evidence that I. pantii exhibits the probable route of evolution of the seed habit. These observations support the hypothesis that a typical heterosporangium was the cradle for the evolution of heterospory.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[First Record of Podichnus in Byronid Shell from the Lower Devonian (Pragian) of the Prague Basin, Czechia]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/fbgp-2021-0003</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 07 Mar 2022 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Brachiopod etching trace Podichnus, typically with centrifugally arranged clusters of holes or slits, has hitherto been known only in calcium carbonate substrates. The similar etching trace is newly described on calcium phosphate substrate. The trace Podichnus isp. in a wall of a phosphatic byronid test was observed in the lower Devonian Vinařice Limestone (Pragian) in the Koněprusy area of the Prague Basin in the Barrandian area, the Czech Republic. The trace is smaller that majority of described species of this fixichnia, and displays a smooth central disc surrounded by two circlets of holes or pits. Some holes penetrate through wall of byronid test without any biotic response of a byronid. The maker of Podichnus isp. is uknown but among the associated fossils are eligible candidates including rhynchonellids, orthids and terebratulids. It is rare direct evidence of etching activity of the pedicle in the Lower Palaeozoic and the first finding of Podichnus in the Devonian in the Prague Basin. The emended diagnosis of the ichnogenus is presented herein.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Source of K-Feldspars and Kaolinitization in Arkoses of West and Central Bohemian Continental Permo–Carboniferous]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/fbgp-2021-0002</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 07 Mar 2022 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The examined K-feldspars in arkoses of the continental Upper Carboniferous – Lower Permian of the West and Central Bohemian basins originated in the whole bed sequence (Duckmantian to Autunian; 314.2–297.1 Ma) from one source, which were so-called mountain granites of the older intrusive complex (OIC) of the Krušné hory Mts, as confirmed by the X-ray and geochemical analyses. The presence of feldspar clasts from other granitoids (Merklín and Louny massifs) was found only in the straight transgreding basal Carboniferous rocks. While other arkoses underwent synsedimentary and/or post-sedimentary kaolinization, in the deposits of Kaznějov and Horní Bříza (Nýřany Member of the Kladno Formation) pre-sedimentary kaolinization (sedimentation of sandstones and conglomerates with kaolinitic cement) occurred.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[3D Chemometric Model Simulating the Acitheca Polymorpha Frond: Implications for Reconstructing Carboniferous Ferns (Marattiales, Canada)]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/fbgp-2021-0001</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 07 Mar 2022 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Reported are results of an initial approximate imitation of a Carboniferous fern frond, i.e., marattialean Acitheca polymorpha (Schimper), Middle Pennsylvanian Sydney Coalfield, Canada. The simulation experiment is based on the analysis of 14 infrared spectra obtained by means of Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy from four detached fragments of sterile polymorphic penultimate-pinna compressions. The calculated relative, semi-quantitative, chemical data from the infrared spectra are the input for principal component analysis deriving a 3D (three-dimensional) chemometric model. To interpret it, the four specimens are placed in hypothetical-frond positions simulating a tripinnate frond, based on diminishing penultimate-rachial widths from 1-mm (distal) to 10-mm (proximal). Hypothetical conclusions include position-dependent chemistries, specifically that of opposing trends of aromaticity vs. aliphaticity in pinnules-rachises. This, in turn, would suggest potential for (i) fern-frond reconstruction, and (ii) for determination of a most likely frond position of fragmentary specimens by “chemical classification”; the predictive aspect. However, further experimental refinement is necessary particularly based on larger frond segments to confirm or disconfirm the overall hypothetical results.]]></description>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Specialized Adhesive Pad of a Climbing Pteridosperm from Permian Peat-Forming Forest (Wuda, Inner Mongolia)]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/fbgp-2020-0003</link>
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            <pubDate>Thu, 31 Dec 2020 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Certain pteridosperm tendril adhesive pads are depicted from the Cathaysian flora of the Early Permian Taiyuan Formation of Wuda Coal-field in Inner Mongolia China. Specimens contain elliptical or rounded pads situating at the swollen tip of pinnule lobe tendrils which are highly comparable to those of the extant Parthenocissus tricuspidata in the way that both of them are similar in form and function. Specifically, information we have gained suggested that pteridosperms from the Permian might have performed a similar type of physiological process by producing some chemical substances which assisted them in climbing. The Wuda pteridosperm likely to climbed on Cordaites or Sigillaria trees. Moreover, physical principles such as the pressure difference between inside and outside of the pads also seems to play an important role in assisting climbing. The new finding indicates that some pteridosperms in the Permian Cathaysian flora possessed climbing growth habit as well as those in the Late Carboniferous Euramerica Flora, where climbing/scrambling growth habit is well known in the coal swamp forests. This finding shows one of the several earliest climbing habits in Cathaysia Flora and thus remarkably promotes our understanding of the growth habit of pteridosperm and the change in plant community structure in that area.]]></description>
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