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        <title>System Safety: Human - Technical Facility - Environment Feed</title>
        <link>https://reference-global.com/journal/CZOTO</link>
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            <title>System Safety: Human - Technical Facility - Environment Feed</title>
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        <copyright>All rights reserved 2026, Quality and Production Managers Association</copyright>
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            <title><![CDATA[Modern Non-Destructive Testing Methods in Monitoring Drive Systems of Belt Conveyors: Review and Comparative Analysis]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/czoto-2026-0025</link>
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            <pubDate>Sun, 05 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The article presents a review of modern non-destructive testing (NDT) methods used for monitoring the technical condition of belt conveyor drive systems. The main diagnostic approaches are considered, including vibration diagnostics, thermal imaging inspection, analysis of electrical parameters of drive motors, acoustic emission methods, and intelligent monitoring systems based on machine learning and computer vision.A comparative analysis of the capabilities of various NDT methods has been carried out in terms of their informativeness, sensitivity to early-stage defects, and applicability in industrial conditions. It is shown that vibration and electrical diagnostics provide the highest efficiency in continuous monitoring of drive units. In contrast, thermal imaging and visual inspection are advisable to use as part of integrated equipment condition assessment systems.Particular attention is paid to modern approaches based on Motor Current Signature Analysis (MCSA) and signal processing methods using neural network algorithms. It is noted that integrating several diagnostic methods increases the reliability of defect detection and enables the transition to predictive maintenance.Based on the review, developing multi-level monitoring systems that integrate electrical, vibration, thermal, and intelligent diagnostic methods is advisable to enhance the reliability and operational efficiency of belt conveyors.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Financial Statement Audit and Internal Audit in the Accounting Systems of Small Entities: The Area of Operating Costs]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/czoto-2026-0023</link>
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            <pubDate>Thu, 02 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This article contributes to research on identifying potential areas for improving accounting, audit and review systems, which can support managers in enhancing cost efficiency and the quality of financial statements. The discussion is divided into three main parts: theoretical, methodological and empirical. The first part presents the theoretical foundations of financial audit, outlines the conceptual assumptions of internal audit, and discusses the relationships between financial audit and internal audit. Subsequently, operating activity costs are examined as a key area of financial audit and internal audit in the functioning of a small entity. In this context, the aim of the study is to investigate the degree of difficulty small entities face in the proper identification and valuation of operating activity costs, according to the opinions of statutory auditors, and to assess the role of internal audit in eliminating cost errors before conducting the financial audit. The considerations are based on empirical research using statistical analysis of survey data with Pearson correlation, which made it possible to examine the relationships between the perceived level of difficulty small entities experience in identifying and valuing operating activity costs and the assessment of the role of internal audit in eliminating these errors. Our findings suggest that combining the perspectives of financial audit and internal audit in the analysis of operating activity costs can effectively reduce the risk of errors and irregularities, particularly in the accounting of small entities. The topic of financial audit and internal audit in the accounting of small entities is important and timely, as it enables a better understanding of the complementarity of both audit functions and enhances the quality of financial information in enterprise management.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Digital HACCP and ISO 22000 for Low-Cost Food Safety Improvement in Institutional Foodservice: A Pre-Post Pilot Study]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/czoto-2026-0024</link>
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            <pubDate>Thu, 02 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[In public institutional foodservice, food safety depends not only on HACCP documentation, but also on rapid deviation detection, clear responsibility and reliable operational records. This is particularly relevant in school and hospital foodservice, where meals are prepared under time pressure, variable deliveries and increased consumer vulnerability. This paper evaluates a Food Safety Management System improvement model combining HACCP and ISO 22000 requirements with simple digital tools and workplace micro-training. A six-month pre-post pilot study was conducted in a school cafeteria and a hospital kitchen. The improvement package included electronic control lists, digital temperature records with alerts, KPI boards, visual standards and a RACI matrix for CCPs and OPRPs. After implementation, the reported percentage changes refer separately to the school cafeteria (S1) and the hospital kitchen (H1): nonconformities per 1,000 meals decreased by 43% and 40%, mean CAPA closure time fell by 47% and 46%, and temperature-related incidents per 1,000 meals were reduced by 55% and 57%, respectively. Monitoring timeliness and record completeness increased by 10-12 percentage points, near-miss reporting rose from 3 to 7 cases per month in S1 and from 5 to 11 in H1, and cost of quality declined by 24% and 23%, respectively. The findings indicate that low-cost HACCP digitalization can strengthen food safety culture and the PDCA cycle without complex information systems.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Management of Employee Benefit Systems: Opportunities and Threats Based on Empirical Research]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/czoto-2026-0021</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 23 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Non-wage benefits are an essential component of motivational and integrative systems in business organizations. A survey conducted in 2024 among nearly 700 employees of NITROERG SA, a Polish company manufacturing explosives, identified the role of benefits in human resource management. The employees surveyed considered additional medical care (79.4%), insurance coverage (47.2%), and pension security (41.9%) as the most important benefits. The study also revealed that deficiencies in managing the benefits system, particularly regarding the oversight of the type, quality, and distribution of benefits, could create significant tension within the workforce. In such cases, flaws in the employee incentive program should be seen as obstacles to efficient business management, potentially leading to a decline in trust towards management, a worsening work atmosphere, and interpersonal conflicts.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Application of the SREM Method in Filler Material Selection for Repair Welding]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/czoto-2026-0022</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 23 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The selection of filler metal for reparatory welding in this study is addressed through the application of the Square Root Based Evaluation Method (SREM). The aim of the paper was to examine the reliability of the method on a case that has already been solved using a Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) approach in the relevant literature. Three filler metals, ABRADUR 58, E DUR 600, and CrWC 600, were considered and ranked based on four important criteria: wear trace width, cost, mass loss, and hardness of welded layers. All the experimental data, required for implementing the SREM method, were taken from a relevant literature source. The results of the study showed that E DUR 600 is the optimal filler metal. In addition, the results obtained using the SREM method are completely identical to those obtained using existing approaches, which confirms the applicability of this method to the considered problem. The sensitivity analysis showed that the ranking of filler metals may differ only in extreme cases, which indicates that the obtained results are sufficiently reliable.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Environmental Safety in ESG Reporting]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/czoto-2026-0020</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 08 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The concept of environmental safety has become an integral part of contemporary discussions on corporate sustainability and related regulatory frameworks, such as the CSRD directive and its ESRS standards. They have significantly expanded corporate responsibility for environmental risk management and transparency. Within the evolving framework of ESG reporting, environmental safety reflects not only compliance with regulations but also a broader commitment to responsible, transparent management of environmental impacts. From a systemic perspective, ESRS standards operationalize environmental safety at company level. Thus, the article investigates the compliance of companies’ reports - relating solely to the environmental dimension of ESG reporting - with the new ESRS standards, which may reflect the level of environmental safety within companies. The findings may prove valuable for small and medium-sized enterprises that will become subject to reporting obligations in the coming years.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Road Transport Safety in Poland and Cost Intensity of National Logistics]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/czoto-2026-0019</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 11 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The aim of this article is to assess the relationship between road transport safety and the cost intensity of domestic logistics in Poland in the years 2011-2023. The analysis is based on secondary data obtained from the Central Statistical Office. Domestic logistics performance is proxied by a cost intensity indicator defined as the share of total transport costs in gross domestic product (GDP). Road transport safety is measured by the number of road accidents per 100,000 population, while traffic intensity is included as a control variable measured in vehicle-kilometers.The empirical analysis employs linear regression models estimated using the ordinary least squares method and is complemented by a descriptive analysis of trends in road accidents. Due to the presence of long-term trends and the limited number of observations, the baseline model estimated on levels is supplemented with a robustness check based on year-to-year changes (first-differences).The results indicate that the relationship between road transport safety and logistics cost intensity depends on the model specification. While no statistically significant relationship is found in the level-based model, the first-difference specification reveals a positive and statistically significant association between changes in road accidents and changes in the share of transport costs in GDP. This suggests that a deterioration in road transport safety leads to higher logistics-related costs at the macroeconomic level. Traffic intensity is found to have a positive and statistically significant effect on logistics cost intensity in both model specifications. Overall, the findings indicate that improvements in road transport safety contribute to reducing transport costs and lowering the cost intensity of domestic logistics.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Integrating Circular Economy and Reverse Logistics into the Quality Management Systems: Evidence from Polish SMEs]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/czoto-2026-0018</link>
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            <pubDate>Sat, 18 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This article examines how circular economy (CE) and reverse logistics (RL) practices can be integrated into quality management systems (QMS) in SMEs. Although CE and RL are key components of sustainability, their linkage with formal quality frameworks remains insufficiently explored. This exploratory study proposes an original integration model, investigates the current level of alignment, and identifies organizational barriers. Based on survey data from 37 Polish enterprises, the paper verifies research hypotheses regarding the synergy between circularity and quality management. The findings offer practical insights for practitioners seeking to enhance process reliability through a combined application of circular and quality approaches]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Assessment of a Company’s Financial Condition in the Context of Managerial Information Management]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/czoto-2026-0017</link>
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            <pubDate>Fri, 10 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The aim of the publication is to assess the financial condition of the enterprise as well as to determine the significance of integrating SAP information systems and the adequacy of financial data in the context of managerial information management. The study employed methodological triangulation, combining financial statement and economic indicator analysis with a managerial survey. By focusing on the balance sheet and ratio-based assessment of financial condition, the research confirmed the company’s stable financial position, high security of its financing structure, very strong liquidity, and a significant improvement in profitability in the final year of the analysis. In contrast, the study examined the level of integration of SAP systems and the adequacy of financial data for decision-making needs. The findings provide both theoretical and practical insight that the financial condition of an enterprise cannot be analysed in isolation from the ability of information systems to deliver reliable and integrated data that enable effective management in an unstable environment. The conducted study provided evidence supporting the hypothesis that a higher level of information systems integration is associated with a better assessment of financial condition and higher quality of managerial information. In this sense, these findings may be regarded as a contribution to the development of management theory by linking financial analysis with the assessment of managerial informational maturity, with this relationship being examined at the perceptual level. The publication contributes to the ongoing discussion on the integration of information systems, including ERP-class systems such as SAP, which can streamline data flows, eliminate informational discrepancies, and provide continuous insight into an enterprise’s financial situation.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Generation X as Employees and Their Role in Knowledge Transfer Within Organisations]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/czoto-2026-0015</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 31 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The paper focuses on the problem of intergenerational knowledge transfer in modern organizations, with a special emphasis on the role of Generation X. Most research focuses on Baby Boomers, as they have been retiring, while the role of Generation X is overlooked. However, Generation X’s role in the process seems undeniable and requires more in-depth research to support effective knowledge transfer across organizations. For the study, VOSviewer software and data from Scopus (papers published between 1995 and 2025) were used to map the main research topics and identify research gaps. The findings are particularly important for the Polish labor market, where the average employee is over 43 years old, and for the European market. The analysis reveals that while Generation X is central in the hierarchy of organisations, it remains marginal in mentoring and practical management frameworks. The main findings identify three research gaps: insufficient focus on mentoring models focused on Gen X, a lack of recognition of their role as ‘intergenerational mediators’, and an overlooked correlation between their retention and knowledge security of organisations.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Functional properties of coatings used in various industries]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/czoto-2026-0016</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 31 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Modern industries are increasingly utilizing technologies based on concentrated energy flows. Technologies utilizing concentrated energy sources are primarily used for machining components made of difficult-to-machine engineering materials, as well as for manufacturing highly complex shapes that would be labor-intensive and time-consuming using traditional methods. This article examines two processing methods used to produce anti-wear coatings: electro-spark deposition (ESD) and laser cladding. By controlling electrode erosion parameters, such as current intensity or capacitor capacitance, we can shape coatings with different functional properties. By controlling laser parameters, such as power, scanning speed, and pulse duration, it is possible to create coatings with different surface properties. The paper presents these processes in the context of producing coatings for various applications, including military technology.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Overview of Methods for Investigating Accidents at Work Based on an Accident in a Manufacturing Company]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/czoto-2026-0014</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/czoto-2026-0014</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 23 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The aim of this article is to provide an overview of the most commonly used methods for investigating occupational accidents and to demonstrate their practical application, using an example of an accident that occurred in a production company. The article describes the theoretical foundations of event analysis and discusses methods such as the 5 Whys method, the Ishikawa diagram, Technical-Organizational-Human (TOL), FMEA, ETA, and FTA. The analyzed accident case allowed for the identification of technical, organizational, and human factors leading to the event. The article concludes with conclusions and recommendations for preventive measures that can reduce the number of similar incidents in the future.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Consumer Purchasing Decisions in the Context of Key Packaging Features and Information Contained on Food and Cosmetic Product Packagingpaper]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/czoto-2026-0010</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 23 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Product packaging serves a logistical function related to transport, storage, product safety, and information. Furthermore, packaging is an integral part of the product, but after use, it becomes unnecessary and, from this perspective, constitutes post-consumer waste, which in turn poses a threat to our environment. Therefore, in the context of sustainable development, limiting the negative impact of such packaging on our natural environment is crucial. Consumers themselves also play a significant role, as their purchasing decisions can influence producers’ responsibility and the increasing prevalence of eco-friendly packaging. Therefore, researching consumer awareness is crucial to understanding how consumer purchasing decisions can support the concept of sustainable development in the context of packaging. The aim of this study is to analyze consumer opinions regarding the characteristics of cosmetic and food product packaging and the importance of information placed on such packaging for consumers when making purchasing decisions. The study utilized a survey method and also analyzed the survey results, allowing for the identification of consumer attitudes and opinions regarding the characteristics of cosmetic and food product packaging. Furthermore, it was determined which information presented on food and cosmetic product packaging is considered crucial by consumers when making purchasing decisions.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[The Development of GenAI and its Impact on Enterprises: Challenges and Safety]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/czoto-2026-0011</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/czoto-2026-0011</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 05 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) is fundamentally transforming enterprise operations by facilitating automation, enhancing decision support, and enabling new forms of value creation. Although GenAI offers considerable strategic potential, organizations encounter substantial challenges related to safety, ethics, legal compliance, and operational risk. This paper investigates two primary hypotheses: (H1) the positive impact of GenAI adoption on enterprise performance depends on the effective management of associated challenges and safety risks; (H2) enterprises implementing robust governance frameworks, ethical safeguards, and risk-mitigation strategies are more likely to achieve sustainable value from GenAI, while insufficient oversight may lead to operational, legal, and reputational harm. The study was analytical and validatory in nature. It was conducted using a research methodology consisting in reviewing the latest scientific literature and reports on the topic of GenAI and its impact on enterprises. Its primary goal was not merely to describe the GenAI adoption phenomenon but to analyze specific cause-and-effect relationships (hypotheses) between technology, management, and enterprise performance, using available scientific and empirical evidence.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Impact of Different Parameters on the Efficiency of GaN/Porous-GaAs/GaAs Solar Cell]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/czoto-2026-0012</link>
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            <pubDate>Thu, 05 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Modern requirements for high-efficiency solar cells increase interest in the development of new materials and structures, in particular the use of GaN/porous-GaAs/GaAs composite materials and heterostructures, which allow to improve the efficiency and stability of solar energy conversion. To determine the photovoltaic characteristics of the GaN/porous-GaAs/GaAs photoconverter, a system of equations is used, including the Poisson equation, the diffusion equation, and the charge conservation equation. The simulation results of GaN/porous-GaAs/GaAs solar cells using PC1D software showed values of short-circuit current ISC = 33.2 mA, open-circuit voltage VOC = 1.022 V, fill factor FF = 83.4% and efficiency η = 28.3% In order to optimize the parameters of the solar cell, simulations were carried out with a change in the thickness of the GaN layer, the doping levels of the GaN and porous-GaAs layers. It was established that with a thickness of the GaN layer of 1.6 μm, the efficiency of the solar cell reaches a maximum value of 29.1%. The maximum efficiency was achieved when the GaN layer was doped with 1·1017 cm−3 and was 28.4%. An increase in the temperature of the solar cell leads to a decrease in the open-circuit voltage and an increase in recombination losses, which is reflected in the decrease in the efficiency of the GaN/porous-GaAs/GaAs photoconverter from 29.8% at 270 K to 23.0% at 370 K.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Analysis of the Effect of Nail Polish Colour on Oxygen Saturation (%SpO2) Levels When Measured with a Fingertip Pulse Oximeter]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/czoto-2026-0013</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/czoto-2026-0013</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 05 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Fingertip pulse oximeters were widely used during the COVID-19 pandemic as the main and readily available device (%SpO2). The aim of this study was to determine the extent to which different colours of gel nail polish affect oxygen saturation (%SpO2) measurements. Saturation measurements were taken using the Finger Clip Pulse Oximeter P-01 (China) device, routinely available during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study included 54 healthy female volunteers of undergraduate cosmetology students aged between 24 and 36 years. Each participant was given an individual fingertip pulse oximeter to measure saturation on different fingers painted with different colours of gel nail polish: red, orange, yellow, green – fingers II-V of the right hand; blue, navy, violet, no colour – fingers II-V of the left hand. Increasing wavelength (from violet ~400 nm to red ~680 nm) increased mean saturation levels. Long-wavelength colours (“red”) distorted the measurement results to a lesser degree than short-wavelength colours (“green”). Nail polishes significantly influence the results of oxygen saturation measurements, especially of dark and metallic colour. Interference resulting from long-wavelength colours (e.g. red) is minimal, while short-wavelength colours (e.g. green) cause the most interference. In particular, light-absorbing colours (e.g. green) significantly reduced the %SpO2 (P=0.032), in contrast to longer-wavelength colours (e.g. red).]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[The Qualities and Competencies of the Ideal Direct Supervisor (Manager) According to Generation Z - Research Results in Poland and Great Britain]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/czoto-2025-0049</link>
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            <pubDate>Sun, 22 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The aim of the research was to identify, compare and evaluate Generation Z’s expectations towards the qualities and competencies of their direct supervisors. The study was conducted amongst students in Poland and Great Britain in 2021 and 2023. The study employed a survey method, specifically the CAWI survey technique. Measures of descriptive statistics were used to analyze the research data. The survey made it possible to identify the qualities and competencies of direct supervisors expected by Generation Z, as well as to examine the relationship between respondents’ answers and their gender. In several cases, gender significantly differentiated the analyzed variables. The results also allowed to determine differences in the expectations of Generation Z representatives in Poland and Great Britain regarding the qualities and competencies of their direct supervisors.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Industrial Legacy, Green Transition and the Challenges of Decarbonization: The Case of “Prahova County” in the EU Just Transition Fund: An Analytical Approach With Insights]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/czoto-2026-0003</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 03 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The transition to a green economy is particularly difficult for regions whose economies rely heavily on polluting resources, especially coal, oil, or heavy industry. A shift in these sectors can lead to local economic collapse. By anticipating these problems, the European Union proposed the Just Transition Mechanism that aims to mitigate the negative effects of a green transition on employment by financing the diversification and modernization of local economies and by encouraging employees to work in new sectors and industries. In Romania, six counties benefit from this fund, including “Prahova”, a heavily industrialized area with a long tradition of fossil fuel use, which continues to generate significant revenues for local budgets. In this context, the main objective of the paper is to empirically assess the degree of economic vulnerability of the county to the transition to climate neutrality, by determining regional dependence and specialization in high-carbon sectors, using the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) and Location Quotient (LQ) indicators. The topic is a timely one, with numerous studies focused on the application of the framework for a just transition in coal regions. However, what is missing is a quantitative assessment of the risks and challenges faced by regions with a developed oil and gas sector, such as Prahova. The results show that the region is still heavily industrialized with high-carbon enterprises, Nevertheless, important steps have been made towards the green transition, and the authorities recognize carbon exposure as a real problem and continue to focus on solutions to limit it.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Quality Assurance Instruments in the Ready-To-Eat Food Industry: A Literature Analysis]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/czoto-2026-0001</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 03 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Ready-to-eat (RTE) foods require robust, auditable quality assurance (QA) because consumers apply little or no processing. We performed a structured Scopus review (2015–2026; search date: 19 October 2025) with VOSviewer bibliometrics to map QA tools and emerging directions. The corpus comprised 1,813 peer-reviewed items. Cooccurrence and overlay analyses indicate a dominant operational focus on shelf-life and post-process stability driven by packaging (MAP, active/edible coatings), temperature control (validation, rapid cooling), and microbiological verification (e.g., Listeria), supported by environmental monitoring. A stable “core toolkit” underpins these practices: HACCP with prerequisite programs, ISO 22000-based FSMS, and GFSI-benchmarked schemes (BRCGS, IFS, FSSC 22000, SQF), often alongside ISO 9001. At process level, SPC and FMEA – plus, to a lesser extent, Six Sigma and QbD – target critical operations. System acronyms are under-represented in keywords, suggesting fuller visibility in texts. Digitalisation is rising: sensor-enabled cold-chain monitoring, blockchain pilots for traceability, and predictive analytics, with scalability challenges for SMEs.]]></description>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Lightweight Design and Safety Optimization of Scissor Lift Components Using FEM]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/czoto-2026-0006</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 03 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Lifting structures are critical components in the automotive industry, yet their excessive weight and bulk often impede mobility and ease of use. This paper presents a comprehensive study on the structural optimization of a scissor lift, focusing on the topological redesign of its lever. The primary objective is to achieve significant mass reduction while preserving structural integrity, load-bearing capacity, and safety. The core hypothesis is that strategic topological modifications can induce favorable stress redistribution, leading to material savings without compromising safety margins. The research methodology, implemented in the spring of 2024, was based on numerical modeling using the Finite Element Method (FEM) in Ansys Workbench. Numerical analysis of the base lever identified a maximum equivalent stress of 152 MPa, corresponding to a safety factor of 2.27. The proposed optimizations yielded a new lever topology that reduces the component’s mass by 39% (to 35 kg) while maintaining a high safety factor of 1.52 under a maximum stress of 226.5 MPa. The results confirm that the proposed design approach successfully enhances the lift’s performance-to-weight ratio, offering a viable solution for developing more efficient and portable automotive lifting equipment.]]></description>
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