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        <title>Annals of West University of Timisoara - Physics Feed</title>
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            <title>Annals of West University of Timisoara - Physics Feed</title>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Impact of Inferring Atmospheric Parameters on Solar Irradiance Estimation]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/awutp-2025-0009</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 18 Nov 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This study focuses on the estimation of clear-sky solar irradiance available in a specific location using a parametric model. The challenge is to estimate solar irradiance at a higher resolution than the resolution at which the atmospheric parameters applied to the model input are measured. Two methods were tested to increase the resolution of the input data: hourly arithmetic averaging of measurements and linear interpolation between two measurements. The influence of averaging and interpolation of the atmospheric parameters on the clear-sky solar irradiance model accuracy was assessed. The analysis was performed on a dataset comprising ground-based measurements from the Solar Platform of the West University of Timisoara, complemented by atmospheric parameters obtained from the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET). Particular attention is given to the influence of Ångström turbidity coefficient, which is known to play a critical role in the attenuation of solar radiation when passing through the atmosphere. The results indicate that the use of hourly mean atmospheric parameters does not significantly compromise the overall accuracy of the solar irradiance estimates. However, due to the sensitivity of the model to aerosol-related parameters, it is advisable to employ interpolated values for the Ångström turbidity coefficient to enhance the accuracy of irradiance estimations under fast varying atmospheric conditions.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Do All the Theoretical Results Obtained in the Case of Hopfield Neural Networks Have a Counterpart at the Level of the Human Neural System?]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/awutp-2025-0010</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 18 Nov 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Continuous and discrete Hopfield type neural networks claim to be mathematical descriptions of electrical phenomena appearing in nervous system. We present a set of theoretical results having natural counterpart and another set of theoretical results concerning equilibriums that have no real counterpart at the level of the nervous system. The differentiation criterion of equilibriums is the local exponential asymptotic stability in Liapunov sense of the steady state voltage and the structural stability of the Hopfield system in Smale sense. The believe is that unstable equilibriums in Liapunov sense and equilibriums obtained in case of structurally unstable Hopfield systems, exist only in theory.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Altitude Adjustment of Empirical Models for Estimating Clear-Sky Solar Irradiance]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/awutp-2025-0008</link>
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            <pubDate>Wed, 05 Nov 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This research provides an innovative empirical model for solar irradiance estimation under clear sky conditions. The new model adjusts the estimates of G-EM clear-sky solar irradiance model (Goilean et al. AWUT-Physics 66, 2024, 241) with respect to site altitude. The study was conducted based on a synthetically obtained dataset, generated using two high-performance clear-sky solar irradiance parametric models. Preliminary tests were performed against high quality clear-sky radiometric data. The results demonstrate that explicit insertion of altitude as an input parameter of G-EM enhances their performance in mountain locations, thus expanding its geographical area of applicability.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Influence of Atmospheric Parameters on Biologically Effective Solar UV Irradiance]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/awutp-2025-0007</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/awutp-2025-0007</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 22 Oct 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation has various effects on human beings, both positive and negative. Since solar UV spectral radiation is only rarely monitored, modeling of biologically effective solar UV spectral irradiance became a common practice in research. In this study, the influence of the main atmospheric parameters, ozone and aerosol, on the level of biologically effective solar irradiance is analyzed. The impact of UV radiation on the skin is compared with the action on the retina. The analysis was performed using synthetic solar UV spectra generated with SMARTS2, a high-quality spectral solar irradiance model. The native density of the extraterrestrial UV spectrum and, correspondingly, the density of the absorption coefficients were increased by linear interpolation. From the methodological perspective, a new continuous equation for the biological action function associated with cataract is reported. The results bring to light non-intuitive effects of different aerosol classes on biologically effective solar UV irradiance.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Comparative Study Between Sepiolite and Mg3 allayered Double Hydroxide as Clay-Based Materials Used in Water Treatment - A Statistical Approach]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/awutp-2025-0006</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 13 Oct 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Water contamination is a pressing issue that can have far-reaching consequences for the environment, consumption patterns, agriculture, and industrial activities alike. However, conventional wastewater treatment techniques have proven ineffective in eliminating pharmaceutical compounds from water systems due to their low biodegradability and high hydrophilicity. In this context, adsorption technology has garnered significant interest due to its simplicity, cost-effectiveness, environmental sustainability, and high treatment efficiency. Among the array of available adsorbents, clays have been identified as a particularly versatile option for water remediation applications, due to their non-toxic nature and cost-effectiveness. Starting from these considerations, in the present study, a factorial ANOVA was conducted to compare the adsorption capacity of sepiolite and Mg3Al-LDH in solutions containing either 2-acetyloxybenzoic acid or N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamide, at three distinct contact time intervals (5–10 minutes, 15–20 minutes, and 25–30 minutes). Sepiolite demonstrated superior efficacy in the absorption of N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamide after a contact period of 5-10 minutes, while Mg3Al-LDH exhibited a significantly higher absorption capacity for 2-acetyloxybenzoic acid after a contact period of 25-30 minutes]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Effect of Process Parameters on the Properties of Yttrium Oxide Ceramics]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/awutp-2025-0005</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 13 Oct 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The demand for innovative materials with multiple properties, that are economically feasible, has opened the way for materials such as polycrystalline transparent ceramics. These ceramics have the advantage of materials with high mechanical resistance, good thermal and chemical stability, optical transparency, biocompatibility, adaptable properties, transmission range from UV to IR, the possibility of doping with rare earths. In addition, they have found their utility in aerospace and military applications, the manufacturing of high-temperature IR windows or armored windows, electro-optical devices, lasers, scintillators, catalysts, fluorescent markers etc. In this paper, we studied the influence of process parameters on the hydrothermal synthesis of yttrium oxide ceramics. Practically, we used yttrium nitrate and urea in the presence of polyethylene glycol, and the colloidal precipitate was transferred to a 40 ml autoclave and maintained at 150°C for 12 h. The resulting precursor was subjected to a thermal treatment at 600°C for 3 h. The effects of the process parameters on the structure, morphology and optical properties were investigated in detail. The transition from the precursor to the crystalline phase of yttrium oxide was observed by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrometry and X-ray diffraction (XRD). FTIR spectroscopy confirmed the formation of M-O bonds, while XRD data demonstrated the progression of the crystalline phase. The particles’ spherical form and rounded edges were seen at SEM. The optical investigations validated the utility and suitability of the proposed method for the production of yttrium oxide-based ceramics.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Impact of Rapid Thermal Annealing Under Various Temperatures on the Yttrium Oxide Nanoparticles]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/awutp-2025-0004</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 06 Oct 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[In the present paper, the research was focused on the synthesis of Y2O3 nanoparticles (NPs) by a chemical method using yttrium nitrate hexahydrate, urea and ammonium hydroxide, deposition of the oxide precursors as thin films on silicon substrate, and drying in a desiccator at room temperature before thermal treatment. Then, the prepared samples were subjected to rapid thermal annealing (RTA) at a heating rate of 10 °C/sec. maintained at 600 and 900 °C for 600 sec., in nitrogen atmosphere. The morphological, structural, and wettability characteristics of Y2O3 films have been obtained using advanced analytical investigation tools. Morphological characterization (SEM) reveals nanometric particle sizes with a rough surface, and a slight tendency to agglomeration. The compositional analysis (EDX) revealed Y2O3 nanoparticles without impurities, supported by specific Y and O elements. The study of the vibrational characteristics of the synthesized samples was conducted using two complementary spectrometric techniques (FTIR and Raman), which revealed the characteristic vibration bands of the Y-O bond. The structural analysis (XRD) shows a cubic crystalline structure, revealing the high purity of the Y2O3 samples. The surface wetting capacity of Y2O3 films, as investigated by contact angle measurement, indicates a hydrophilic character and good percolation, with a direct impact on the performance of the material in various technological sectors.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Fractal and Markov-Based Load Modeling for Multi-Generator Dispatch and Protection in Urban Networks]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/awutp-2025-0002</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/awutp-2025-0002</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 25 Sep 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This paper presents a unified simulation framework for urban multi-generator networks that integrates stochastic load modeling, predictive health assessment, and protective mechanisms. Consumer demand is represented by a Markov chain augmented with fractal noise to capture both state-based transitions and long-range correlations in usage. Generators are coupled with digital twin models employing non-homogeneous Poisson processes, enriched with harmonic resonance factors, to forecast failure risk and dynamically derate available capacity. A closed-loop controller anticipates total system demand, allocates generation proportionally to health-adjusted capacity, and enforces fuse and harmonic-trip logic to mitigate overloads and cascading failures. Simulation results over 24-hour horizons demonstrate realistic peak–valley patterns, effective cluster-based demand segmentation, and robust balancing of generation with zero unexpected protective trips.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Dynamic Xenon Response in a CANDU-600 Reactor: A Simulation Study of Power Variations]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/awutp-2025-0003</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/awutp-2025-0003</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 25 Sep 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This paper presents a comparative simulation study of xenon and fission product behavior in a CANDU-600 reactor core operating at nominal full power (100%) and an aging CANDU-600 core limited to 90% power due to end-of-life constraints. The analysis includes not only steady-state operating conditions but also transient phases such as shutdown and start-up, where xenon dynamics significantly impact reactivity management.Using theoretical reactor physics simulations, the study investigates xenon reactivity worth in both reactor conditions, with particular attention to the influence of fission product buildup and depletion. The simulations are supported by detailed evaluations of the reactivity compensation provided by the Liquid Zonal Controllers (LZCs), Adjuster Banks and Mechanical Control Absorbers (MCAs). The results highlight that while the 90% power core experiences reduced xenon production, it exhibits higher sensitivity to xenon-induced reactivity swings, particularly during power maneuvers and recovery from shutdown.The total reactivity worth of xenon, in conjunction with the control mechanisms, is quantified throughout the operational cycle. The findings reveal a tighter reactivity balance and reduced control flexibility in the aged core, emphasizing the increasing operational constraints as the reactor approaches end-of-life. These insights are critical for refining control strategies, ensuring safe operation, and optimizing performance across the full power range and operational scenarios of CANDU reactors.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Effects of Crosswinds on the Aerothermal Behaviour of A Double-Skin Façade]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/awutp-2024-0013</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/awutp-2024-0013</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 12 Dec 2024 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[In double-skin facades, airflow is mainly induced by buoyancy forces due to temperature gradients and air compressibility. In practice, this passive system is also affected by ambient crosswind. The present work is focused on the analysis of the aerothermal behavior of an asymmetrically heated channel interacting with a transverse airflow. To achieve this, we utilized the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technique based on the finite volume method to predict the system's performance. After validating the adopted numerical model, we examined the flow structure for different channel widths, and we determined the corresponding ventilation flow rates. We integrated the effect of wind with the thermosiphon effect. The thermo-aerodynamic performance of the facade was presented as a function of wind velocities, which significantly influence the airflow through the cavity and its openings.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Effect of Rapid Thermal Annealing on Cuo Nanoparticles]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/awutp-2024-0006</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/awutp-2024-0006</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 12 Dec 2024 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This work is a comparative study of the effect of two different annealing methods on copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticle properties obtained previously by direct precipitation method. The prepared samples were annealed in air at various temperatures (300, 400, 500°C) for 1 hour. Then they were characterized by employing scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Visible, and Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The main results revealed an increase in the grain size in both methods as the annealing temperature increases. It reaches 30.93 nm in RTA and 26.75 nm in STA at 500°C. XRD spectra showed, in the case of RTA at 500 °C, a significant decrease in the intensity corresponding to the (002) and (111) orientations. This result indicated that beyond 400 °C, one hour of RTA is not suitable for enhancing CuO nanoparticle crystallinity compared to STA. The optical analysis demonstrated that the energy of the optical band gap in STA is higher than that in RTA. It reaches 2,88 eV at 500°C using RTA which is close to the gap value of CuO in the range of 1.8–2.8 eV. FT-IR results showed, for both methods, the presence of characteristic peaks of the Cu-O bonds in the monoclinic CuO structure without any trace of Cu2O structure. Nevertheless, samples exposed to RTA for one hour are more susceptible to absorbing species of C=O bond (C=O bond is due to the atmospheric CO2 absorption and the presence of organic impurities from the synthesis process) than those of STA. Hence, RTA at 500 °C is far from producing CuO nanoparticles with preferred characteristics; it needs further research to examine the effect of higher temperature by controlling the annealing time.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Feasibility Study of New Geothermal System for Heating Premises and Thermal Complexes: Experimental Investigation of Water-Air Heat Exchanger in the East of Algeria]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/awutp-2024-0001</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/awutp-2024-0001</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 12 Dec 2024 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This paper constitutes a new technological solution for the exploitation of one of the most important geothermal deposits located in the locality of Biskra (South-east Algeria). This is the Albian aquifer whose hot waters from boreholes, hot springs and spas are poorly exploited while ambient temperatures during winter periods reach very low levels, especially at night. The principle of this geothermal system is to immerse a PVC tubular water-air exchanger in a pool permanently supplied with hot water from a low-energy geothermal borehole with a high flow rate. The choice of PVC material is attributed to the fact that hot geothermal waters are generally of an aggressive composition to steels and metals in general. The geothermal air heater allows the heating of the ambient cold air which is introduced into the exchanger and then extracted hot using an extraction fan. The hot air is then diffused into premises for heating during the winter season. The improvement in the performance of this type of exchanger is highlighted, in particular by acting on the number of pipes of the exchanger and the air flow rate using geothermal energy (low energy) as a source of renewable and clean energy. The experimental results obtained showed that the energy gain is a function of the length of the exchanger and the air flow rate. This gain can be up to 20°C between the inlet and outlet of the miniature exchanger model, which means that the proposed solution could be technically feasible.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Aerosol Impact on UV Solar Irradiance and Diffuse Fraction]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/awutp-2024-0017</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/awutp-2024-0017</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 12 Dec 2024 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Aerosols modify the solar irradiance levels in the ultraviolet (UV) spectral band and, as a result, influence the magnitude of the biological effects of solar radiation. Also, aerosols contribute to the changes in nature (direct/diffuse) of the UV solar radiation received by a biological organism. This work quantitatively evaluates the aerosol effects on all components of solar UV irradiance (direct-normal, diffuse and global) under clear sky conditions. A note of originality is given by the wide perspective and the depth of detail in which the influence of aerosols in the UV band is captured. In addition to the common parameters, such as aerosol nature and the atmospheric aerosol loading, fine properties of aerosols, such as absorptivity and asymmetry factor, are considered. A distinctive feature of this study is given by the analysis of the effects of aerosols on the UV diffuse fraction. In general, changes in aerosol properties substantially change the direct-normal and diffuse components of UV solar irradiance and, to a lesser extent, the global component. The diffuse fraction in the UV band decreases notably with the increase of the Ångström turbidity coefficient and the Ångström exponent. Differently, the diffuse fraction is much less sensitive to the variation of the single scattering albedo and the asymmetry factor.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[I-MASnBr3 /CZTGS Heterojunction Solar Cell Layer Optimization Investigated Using Scaps-1D Software Exhibited Excellent Performance at 50 %]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/awutp-2024-0012</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/awutp-2024-0012</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 12 Dec 2024 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This paper reports a novel prototype of heterojunction solar cells based on semiconductor/perovskite structure using the solar cell capacitance one-dimensional simulator (SCAPS 1D). The device schematic consists of Glass/ITO/ETL/MASnBr3 /CZTGS/HTL layers with perovskite i-MASnBr3 as the permeable layer. The thickness of the absorber layer, carrier charge concentration, and the effect of temperature and series resistances are optimized. The research examines several critical parameters essential for solar cell performance, including a power conversion efficiency PCE of 50%, an open-circuit voltage Voc of 1.62 V, a fill factor FF of 91.5%, and a short-circuit current density Jsc of -34.06 mA/ cm2. The temperature and series resistance effects, as well as quantum efficiency QE, and J-V curve simulations with varying acceptor density, are investigated.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Study of the Phase Transition and Physical Properties of AlAs, ScAs and AlxSc1-xAs Compounds by the FP-LMTO Method]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/awutp-2024-0008</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/awutp-2024-0008</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 12 Dec 2024 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[In this present work, we will study the physical properties of a brand new semiconductor material. the structural stability and the electronic properties of Scandium Arsenide (ScAs) and Aluminum Arsenide (AlAs) semiconductors as well as their ternary alloys (AlxSc1-xAs,0 ≤ x!!!x0020;≤ 1) in both rocksalt RS (B1) and zincblende ZB (B3). Calculations on both structures are done the method (FPLMTO, Full Potential Linear Muffin Tin). In the framework of density functional theory (DFT). The exchange-correlation potential was calculated using both the Local Density Approximation and the Generalized Gradient Approximation.The structural parameters of AlxSc1-xAs alloys, such as the lattice constant, the bulk module and its derivative are calculated. The lattice parameter deviates slightly from the line of Vegard’s Law in B3 structure, while the deviation was more pronounced in B1 structure.The calculations showed a phase transition from the ZnS phase (B3) to the RS phase (B1) at pressures (7, 10.5, 14.0 and 23.0 Gpa in LDA and (10.0, 12.5, 10.0 and 25.0 GPa) in GGA for x = 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1.00) respectively.The calculated electronic properties showed that in phase B1, there exists an energy band (X-X) with a direct gap at x = 0.00. On the other hand, in phase B3, there are two kinds of energy bands, of direct gap (Γ-Γ) for x = 0.25, 075 and 1.00, the second band is of indirect gap (Γ-X) for x = 0.50, suggesting the possibility to be used in the long wavelength optoelectronic applications. The deviation of The calculated band gap deviation from linear behavior was significant in both structures. The AlxSc1-xAs alloys were found to be semiconducting at x=0 in the B1 phase and at x=0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1 in the B3 phase. Concerning calculations of the optical properties of the ternary AlxSc1-xAs alloy at concentrations x= 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75 in the ZnS (B3) phase, and from our bibliographic research we are sure that no reference exists in the literature. Our work can therefore be used as a reference for future research. Our simulation results are in good agreement with those obtained theoretically and experimentally.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[A Physically Inspired Model for Estimating Clear-Sky Solar Irradiance]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/awutp-2024-0015</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/awutp-2024-0015</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 12 Dec 2024 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The estimation of solar irradiance under clear sky conditions is still a research topic. Many times, accessible empirical models are applied in practice, even if more uncertainty is expected than in the case of complex models. This paper reports a class of innovative empirical models for estimating clear sky global solar irradiance. Although the models are of an empirical nature, the mathematical equations are inspired by the physics behind the radiative transfer in the atmosphere. The models are developed with high-quality data recorded on the Solar Platform of the West University of Timisoara, Romania. Considering the local character of the empirical models, the development process is described in detail so that it can be replicated in other locations. Having only deterministic quantities as input, the proposed models harmoniously combine the two key requirements for practical applications: accessibility and accuracy.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Mechanical and Thermal Behavior of Semiconducting Cadmium Oxide at High-Pressure]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/awutp-2024-0009</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/awutp-2024-0009</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 12 Dec 2024 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The effect of high pressures on the mechanical and thermal properties up to phase transition pressure for cubic rock-salt cadmium oxide (CdO) semiconducting compound is presented in this research. The calculations are based on the equation of state (EOS) parameters measured at ambient conditions reported in the literature. The approach used here was previously applied successfully for other materials. Our study shows that the parameters reflect the rigidity of the semiconductor and the melting temperature increases with increasing pressure, while some other parameters decrease gradually for our material of interest. A comparative analysis of some quantities for CdO compound under high pressure was done. Similar behaviors were observed in the literature for particular materials with particular structures. Furthermore, we calculated both the fracture toughness and the fracture surface energy, which are at around 1.23 MPa.m1/2 and 5.14 J.m-2, respectively.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Synthesis and Characterization o Un-Doped and Copper Doped Nickel Oxide Thin Films]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/awutp-2024-0014</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/awutp-2024-0014</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 12 Dec 2024 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[In this research, the effect copper on the structural, morphological, optical, and electrical properties of nickel oxide thin films was studied at different copper concentrations. Thin transparent films of nickel oxide (NiO) doped with copper (Cu) were deposited on glass substrates at a temperature of 400 °C using the spray pyrolysis technique. The structural study showed that all the prepared polycrystalline films had a cubic structure with a preferential orientation along (111). Copper was well integrated into the host lattice without changing the structure. SEM images showed that the films were well adhered with a wrinkled network structure. The optical band gap ranges from 3.70 eV to 3.50 eV, and the Urbach energy, which ranges from 0.34 eV to 0.5 eV, has also been discussed. The highest conductivity value of 6.23 × 10⁻³ (Ω·cm)⁻¹ was found at a copper concentration of 2 %.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Textile Dye Adsorption by Natural Perlite]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/awutp-2024-0004</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/awutp-2024-0004</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 12 Dec 2024 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[In today's world of industrial progress, pollution is a major concern, especially water pollution. Considered a real danger to mankind, this article looks at the treatment of water contaminated by textile dyes, which has become a danger to humans and the environment. As an example, we have chosen the green dye FB (anionic type) which is found in the rejects of a textile factory ENADITEX in the industrial zone of the wilaya of ORAN - ALGERIA, this dye is among the most used in the textile industry. The method adopted for dye removal is adsorption by natural perlite. The Experimental results showed that adsorption of the green dye FB on the porous solid studied: natural perlite, gave a removal rate of 87.51% for 60 minutes. The adsorption isotherms of the adsorbent/adsorbate systems studied are satisfactorily described by the two mathematical models Freundlich and Temkin. All the results obtained show that the adsorption kinetics of the green dye FB by the solid material is well described by the second-order model. The adsorption reaction is a physisorption, as the thermodynamic study demonstrated.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Corrigendum to: Structural and Thermodynamic Properties of Cu2ZnSnS4 Material: Theoretical Prediction (AWUTP, 65 (2023) 160-170, DOI: 10.2478/AWUTP-2023-0012)]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/awutp-2024-0016</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/awutp-2024-0016</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 12 Dec 2024 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[We would like to correct some inaccuracies in our previous paper “STRUCTURAL AND THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF Cu2ZnSnS4 MATERIAL: THEORETICAL PREDICTION”, Annals of West University of Timisoara-Physics, 65 (2023) 160-170. https://doi.org/10.2478/awutp-2023-0012 During the analysis of the data we forget to divide by N (N = 2 is the number of formula units per cell) to transform the unities from Ry/cell/K to J.mol-1.K-1, and from Ry/cell to kJ/mol, respectively. So with consequence, we found that some of our data of the thermodynamic properties are muliplied by 2. In addition, we rectified the unity from kJ N-1mol-1 to kJ/mol.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
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