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        <title>Acta Scientifica Naturalis Feed</title>
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            <title>Acta Scientifica Naturalis Feed</title>
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            <link>https://sciendo.com/journal/ASN</link>
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        <copyright>All rights reserved 2026, Konstantin Preslavski University of Shumen</copyright>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Editorial Note: Rezovska River – the southern border of Bulgaria]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/asn-2026-0001</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/asn-2026-0001</guid>
            <pubDate>Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Study of the effect of the plant extract of Tribulus terrestris L. on the foraging activity of bees (summer flight activity)]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/asn-2026-0002</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/asn-2026-0002</guid>
            <pubDate>Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

Honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) colony productivity and foraging activity are influenced by both external factors, such as climatic conditions and nectar availability, and internal factors, including colony strength and queen fertility. While plant-based supplements have been studied for their effects on colony health and productivity, the impact of Tribulus terrestris L. on summer flight activity remains unknown. This study evaluated the effect of T. terrestris extract on honey bee foraging behavior over two consecutive seasons (2024–2025) in three Bulgarian apiaries. Three groups were established: a control fed with inverted sugar syrup, an experimental group supplemented with T. terrestris extract, and a second experimental group receiving the Startovit mineral-vitamin stimulant. Flight activity was measured by counting bees departing each hive during three-minute intervals. Results showed that T. terrestris supplementation significantly increased summer flight activity compared to the control and “Startovit” groups, with the highest increases observed in 2024. These findings provide the first experimental evidence that T. terrestris extract can enhance honey bee foraging behavior, suggesting its potential as a natural, non-hormonal stimulant to improve colony performance and resource utilization.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Study of the stimulating effect of Tribulus terrestris L. on honey productivity of bee colonies]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/asn-2026-0003</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/asn-2026-0003</guid>
            <pubDate>Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

Honey bee (Apis mellifera) colony development and honey productivity depend on both nutritional resources and the availability of bioactive compounds that support brood rearing and physiological regulation. While supplemental feeding with sugar syrup provides carbohydrates, it does not supply essential phytoactive substances. Tribulus terrestris L., a medicinal plant rich in furostanol saponins such as protodioscin, flavonoids, and glycosides, has demonstrated hormone-like and adaptogenic properties in various organisms, yet its potential as a natural stimulant in apiculture remains largely unexplored. This study evaluated the effect of T. terrestris extract on honey productivity of bee colonies over two consecutive seasons (2024–2025) in northeastern Bulgaria. Experimental groups received inverted sugar syrup supplemented with either T. terrestris extract or the Startovit mineral-vitamin stimulant, while a control group received syrup only. Results indicated that colonies receiving T. terrestris extract achieved significantly higher honey yields - up to 35% more than controls in 2024 and 43% in 2025. The findings demonstrate that T. terrestris extract can safely and effectively enhance colony performance and honey production, offering a cost-efficient, natural alternative to synthetic stimulants in apiculture.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Students’ attitudes towards the interactive methods used for the purpose of health education]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/asn-2026-0006</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/asn-2026-0006</guid>
            <pubDate>Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

The study is part of a didactic experiment, aimed at testing the effectiveness of using interactive methods in teaching Biology and Health Education to school students. The interactive methods have been selected in correspondence with the learning objectives of specified methodological units from the sections “Kingdom of Fungi” and “Kingdom of Animals” tested in the conditions of real lessons with students from the 7th Grade of Yoan Exarch Bulgarski Secondary School in Shumen. As a result of the application of interactive teaching methods, students have a conscious and motivated perception of the subject matter, they understand and evaluate their responsibility for human health – their own and that of others, and the acquired theoretical knowledge forms their behavior and readiness for action in solving critical health-related situations in life.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Relief-forming processes in the southeastern periphery of the Bulgarian continental microplate]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/asn-2026-0004</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/asn-2026-0004</guid>
            <pubDate>Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

This study presents a comprehensive review of the orogenic processes contributing to the development of the contemporary relief and its characteristic morphostructural features in the southeastern periphery of the Bulgarian continental microplate. The analysis is grounded in current plate tectonic theories concerning the geodynamic evolution of the Balkan Peninsula as part of the Neoeuropean continental margin of Eurasia. Special attention is given to the present-day morphostructural configuration of the terrain and the significant role of listric tectonics in its formation. The examined relief-forming processes are interpreted as a complex interaction between endogenous (tectonic and orogenic) forces and exogenous (denudational and depositional) processes, reflecting the dynamic nature of landscape evolution in the region.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[About the Values in Geography and Geographical Education]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/asn-2026-0005</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/asn-2026-0005</guid>
            <pubDate>Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

In times of global uncertainty, the important need to seek a stable foundation for the development of society and the educational system comes to the fore. Historical experience and the directions of development of contemporary geographical science prove that in times of spiritual emptiness, it is necessary to turn to its object and subject, which are related to space and territory. In this way, the epistemological and geographical values that are important for geographical knowledge, education, and society as a whole can be identified.
In the school geography education system, values can become a magnet for strengthening students’ interest and motivation in the subject. They could help turn them into individuals who build and maintain a value-oriented system of views, norms, and behavior and are ready for successful realization in their future lives by demonstrating an active social and civic position.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Overview of the Halyomorpha halys (Stål, 1855): Key Traits and Control Measures. Threats to agricultural crops in Bulgaria]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/asn-2025-0018</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/asn-2025-0018</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 21 Nov 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

The Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (BMSB), Halyomorpha halys (Stål, 1855) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), is one of the most dangerous, invasive agricultural pests globally, causing significant economic losses. This review synthesizes current scientific research on its taxonomy, morphology, biology, ecology, and management, with a focus on the invasion in Europe and the status in Bulgaria. The analysis confirms that H. halis, an invasive pest native to East Asia and established in our country since 2016, is already causing damage to agricultural crops. Key factors for its spread are extreme polyphagy (over 300 host species), its overwintering behavior (entering buildings and vehicles, facilitating anthropochory), and high reproductive potential. Temperature requirements (lower developmental threshold ≈14.2°C and ≈538 DD for a full cycle) and data from the region strongly indicate that species is univoltine or has one and a partial second generation in the main agricultural regions of Bulgaria. Climate change is expected to expand the areas supporting bivoltinism and increase population pressure. Effective management is impossible without implementing an integrated approach (IPM), focusing on behavioral tactics (monitoring at crop borders with pheromone attractants) and urgently researching the potential for biological control with the egg parasitoid Trissolcus japonicus, which is already established adventively in other parts of Europe.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Possibilities of using plant species from 62С0* Ponto-Sarmatic steppes natural habitat for decorative purposes]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/asn-2025-0019</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/asn-2025-0019</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 21 Nov 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

It is hypothesised that wild plants have the potential to be used as ornamentals. The term ‘wild’ as applied to plant species refers to those that grow spontaneously in self-sustaining populations. The ornamentals encompass a diverse array of herbaceous seasonal flowers, shrubs, semi-shrubs, and woody species. A significant attribute of ornamentals is their aesthetic appeal. The cultivation of plants is driven by a variety of factors, including the presence of specific characteristics such as: flowers, leaves, fragrance, fruit, stem, bark, or due to the presence of particular physiological and morphological characteristics. There is an emerging trend of incorporating novel wild native plants that possess ornamental value with the objective of reducing the financial burden associated with garden maintenance, enhancing the survival rates of plants in unfavourable conditions, and curtailing the propagation of alien floral species to regulate their dispersal. The present study constitutes an inventory of the floristic diversity of native wild ornamental plants of the priority 62CO* Ponto-Sarmatic steppes natural habitat, that have decorative qualities. In the course of the field surveys conducted as part of the 62C0* habitat restoration project, 60 species from 22 families were identified as having the potential to be used as ornamental plants. The majority of these species are classified as perennial herbaceous.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Water – the famous unknown factor of life]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/asn-2025-0020</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/asn-2025-0020</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 21 Nov 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

This seemingly ordinary, transparent liquid turns out to be extremely vital and far more mysterious than we imagined. Is it a coincidence that about 70% of our planet is covered with water and that almost as much of the human body consists of water? According to the creator of scientific physical dowsing, engineer Louis Turenne, in addition to ordinary water with the chemical formula H2O, there are 6 more types of heavy water with chemical formulas H4O, H4O2, H4O4, H4O8, H4O16, H4O32 and the so-called Turenne Green Water, consisting of ordinary water + the 6 heavy waters together. Japanese researcher Dr. Masaru Emoto conducted a series of experiments observing the physical impact of words, prayers, music and environment on the crystalline structure of water. Emoto reported that words expressing emotions are transmitted to the water: positive emotions tend to generate beautiful crystal structures, and negative ones - ugly, disharmonious ones. Experiments conducted in a laboratory at the University of Washington have discovered a fourth phase. This phase is found near water-loving (hydrophilic) surfaces. It exists almost everywhere in nature, including the human body. The formation of EZ water creates an electrical potential that can be used to perform mechanical or chemical work.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Geography as a network: Linking minds, disciplines and generations]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/asn-2025-0016</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/asn-2025-0016</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 21 Nov 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

In today’s globalizing world, building “networks” in various directions is a modern and adequate way to collaborate and achieve noticeable results. “Community” is the space (geographical, virtual, thematic, hierarchical) that unites interests and problems, brings people together, and consolidates solutions. The main relationships in such networks involve communication, sharing experiences, problem identification, problem-solving, and implementation. In this sense, the current material explores the essence of “networks,” their positive and current opportunities for problem-solving and unifying thoughts. It examines some exemplary geographical communities, as well as those with an interdisciplinary character. It provides examples in solving specific problems, as well as alternatives for similar associations. It considers them on different levels - physical, social, virtual, and with the establishment of networks and connections with social, scientific, and educational functions. The most popular networks based on social platforms are considered, as well as those built by corporate associations and based on specific goals and tasks (e.g., promoting a particular product or quality) - such as the ArcGIS Society and others. Corporate training academies serve as winning examples of specific knowledge and goal scopes aimed at product realization or solving practical-applied problems. The consistency in conducting seminars and scientific events also builds a stable community over time (including in geographic science). The author proposes an alternative for a new, contemporary interdisciplinary network, uniting members and achievements in innovations, artificial intelligence, and education: The IDEA Community. To achieve a visible end result, expressed in: Connecting Minds, Creating Community.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[The demographic crisis in Bulgaria: trends, problems and prospects]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/asn-2025-0015</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/asn-2025-0015</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 21 Nov 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

For the last thirty years, Bulgaria has been gripped by a demographic crisis, which has led to a rapid decrease in the number of the population. This is due to the demographic transformation and the country entering the fourth stage of the demographic transition. To it we can add the large migration flows, characteristic of the economic crisis during the transition. The aim is to analyze the deteriorating demographic indicators, which are closely related to the socio-economic problems in Bulgaria. The methods used allow population projections to be made, which are also unfavourable. The deepening of the negative demographic processes, which leads to an acute labour shortage, difficult functioning of the social systems, ethnic change of the population and depopulation of significant territories of the country, has been traced. The need for a more effective demographic policy and adequate intervention by the state is shown.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Application of artificial intelligence and GIS for integrated modeling of processes and factors related to the greening of urban environments]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/asn-2025-0014</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/asn-2025-0014</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 21 Nov 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

As a tool for processing and analyzing multiple types of data in various fields, GIS is of significant importance and contributes greatly to the digitization, automation, and management of diverse processes. The functionalities of these systems can be enhanced with the capabilities of artificial intelligence (AI) for improving analysis algorithms. Their combined use, based on machine learning aimed at discovering features and generating solutions unnoticed by human factors, can significantly improve the quality of research and the results obtained. This is especially true in cases where large volumes of data in the form of time series need to be handled. This article analyzes the potential for the productive use of GIS and AI in the field of air pollution research and forecasting, based on available data on the distribution of different types of pollutants and climatic data for urbanized areas. The generated digital models through the functionalities of GIS are supplemented by using AI for time series analysis. The results of the study will be used in future developments aimed at using AI and GIS to study pollen pollution in urban conditions and reduce health risks.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Assessment of natural background radiation in the tourist area of Biserna Cave based on in situ measurements]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/asn-2025-0021</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/asn-2025-0021</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 21 Nov 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

This study presents the first detailed in situ assessment of natural background radiation in the tourist-accessible portion of Biserna Cave, Bulgaria. Using portable gamma-ray dosimeter and radon detectors, we measured ambient gamma-ray dose rates and radon concentrations along the cave route. Radon was measured at eleven depth-profile points, and a time-weighted average inhalation dose was calculated using a 40% – 20% – 40% time-distribution model (entry – final – travel). The resulting 1-hour inhalation dose (radon) is ~ (3.81 – 10.695) µSv, including a mean gamma-ray component (0.177 µSv/h), the max total is ≈ 10.872 µSv. For a seasonal visitor population of 2,000 – 2,500, the max collective dose is 21.7 – 27.2 mSv. Tour guides, with ~ 115 h exposure annually, receive ~ (0.42 – 1.22 mSv) ± (0.126 – 0.450) mSv. These values lie well below regulatory limits for public exposure, but the elevated radon concentration levels in deeper zones merit attentive occupational monitoring. The study underscores the importance of depth-resolved profiling and site-specific dose modelling in cave ecotourism settings.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used for prevention and treatment of Covid-19 in Northeastern Bulgaria. Part 1: The source of phytotherapy knowledge and safety concerns]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/asn-2025-0017</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/asn-2025-0017</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 21 Nov 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

The present survey was designed to find out the attitudes of selected informants from Northeastern Bulgaria – persons who confirmed that use medicinal plants, towards phytotherapy in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of the first part of our survey was focused on the source of information of herbal utilization, the way of obtaining of medicinal plants, safety concerns and influence of demographic features of the participants. The survey revealed that people who used herbal remedies rely on new informative sources as internet and mass media. As can be expected, the sex and the level of education influenced the respondents‘ statement about herbal safety. Amongst the demographic features, the place of residence exerted impact on answers to several questions – the way of obtaining of herbs, their possible side effects and the possibility to replace synthetic drugs. An alarm are the hesitant answers to the questions about the herbal side effects and the control of production of herbal preparations. Moreover, the present survey revealed new focus groups for providing of information about the safe production of herbal medicines – students and single living persons.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Developing critical thinking in biology and health education teaching – 7th grade “Type of molluscs”]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/asn-2025-0013</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/asn-2025-0013</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 29 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

In recent years, research related to critical thinking has increased significantly. The new educational paradigm emphasizes the development of 21st-century skills, one of which is critical thinking, declaring it a fundamental skill for learning in the 21st century. Critical thinking is a set of skills that need to be integrated into all disciplines so that students can become aware of their own thought processes, make informed decisions about their future development, and take responsibility for the consequences of their actions. The biology curriculum provides students with this opportunity by placing them in situations where they have to solve biological, environmental, and health problems, propose solutions, analyze, and become aware of their actions. The article presents the application of a three-stage model “I know – I want to know – I learned for the development of critical thinking in the study of the topic “Type of Molluscs” in Biology and Health Education in 7th grade.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[The tourism potential of Christmas markets in Europe]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/asn-2025-0012</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/asn-2025-0012</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 29 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

Christmas markets have become a symbol of a new modern Western European culture that combines historical continuity with the new challenges of the world’s geo-economic development. These economic changes transform Christmas markets into mass cultural events. The article provides a brief historical overview of the centuries-old tradition of Christmas markets, which originally originated in German-speaking countries and has long since arrived in many European countries. Contemporary Christmas markets are an important part of the branding of certain regions of the world and in Europe in particular. They help to take the regional development of cities and regions in Europe to another level, with the aim of attracting investment and tourism that will positively develop these locations. To understand which European locations are particularly popular around Christmas, this article takes a closer look at 288 European cities. The premise was that the city should have a Christmas attraction such as a Christmas market. A large-scale analysis of demand volumes identified which European cities are particularly popular around Christmas in 2024.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Morphostructural features of the eastern margin of the Bulgarian continental microplate]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/asn-2025-0011</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/asn-2025-0011</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 29 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

The Bulgarian part of the western shelf of the Black Sea corresponds to a part of the passive margin of the Bulgarian continental microplate towards the transition ú with the Black Sea oceanic microplate. It is probably the only preserved fragment of the passive margin of the Black Sea Gulf of the Tethys Paleocean. The inner (coastal) and outer (seaside) shelf sections are distinctly beached, separated by a shelf slope. A significant difference in the regional morpho-structural situation was found for the two parts of the shelf. On the inner (coastal) shelf, antiforms and synforms are few in number and of impressive size. In contrast, small, short, numerous antiforms and synforms are observed in the outer part of the shelf. The orientation of all morphostructures corresponds to the general direction of the shelf, which in the northern part of the studied area is south-southwest - north-northeast. At the parallel of Burgas Bay, the direction of the shelf changes from north-northeast to south-southeast. The location of the alteration is associated with a bundle of transverse faults. The influence in these two parts of the shelf, respectively the Bulgarian continental microplate from the north and the Strange continental microfragment from the south, is obvious.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[The medicinal plants of Zemenska Mt, Western Bulgaria]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/asn-2025-0010</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/asn-2025-0010</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 29 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

Bulgaria is one of the European countries with the greatest biodiversity, including biodiversity of medicinal plants. The object of this study is the Zemenska Mt, located in the Western Bulgaria. As a result of our investigation, 423 medicinal plants belonging to 273 genera and 78 families, were found. The predominate life forms are hemicryptophytes (61.10%). Biological types are presented mainly by perennial herbaceous plants (61.00%). The most numerous are Euro-Asiatic floristic elements (18.67%). There are 27 protected species and 26 tertiary relicts. Anthropophytes among the medicinal plants are 34.52%.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Development of upper limb strength in 8-10-year-old children practicing karate]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/asn-2025-0005</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/asn-2025-0005</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

Karate training for children unites the physical and psychological aspects, playing a key role in their development. Physically, karate helps children improve coordination, strength, flexibility and endurance. Punching and blocking techniques, as well as various balance and speed exercises, stimulate muscle mass and motor skill development. Psychologically, karate promotes discipline, self-control and respect for oneself and others. Children learn the importance of concentration and focus, skills that can be applied to other areas of their lives. Importantly, karate creates opportunities to build confidence and self-esteem while encouraging teamwork and social interactions. Training not only develops physical qualities, but also mental resilience, helping children cope with stress and challenges. The general well-being of children is improved thanks to the balance between physical activity and mental development that karate offers.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Morphostructural features of the Kamchia Mountain]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/asn-2025-0007</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/asn-2025-0007</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

The morphostructure of the Kamchia Mountain forms the northern border of the Primorska part of the Eastern Stara Planina Mountain. The topicality of the topic stems from the insufficient geomorphological and morphotectonic studies of the Kamchia Mountain from the point of view of plate tectonics. New views on the morphostructure and evolution of the Eastern Stara Planina are presented. An attempt was made to build a modern model for the Neogene-Quaternary paleogeographic and geodynamic features of the Eastern Stara Planina Mountain.
The Kamchia Mountain has the character of a complex structure, highly complicated by listric faults, a positive morphostructure, formed in a Paleogene flysch alternation of marls, siltstones, sandstones and limestones. The Kamchia morphostructural unit, like the Emine one, is relatively monolithic in its western part. To the east, the ridge of the mountain is veritril-shaped branched and its altitude decreases in the direction of the Black Sea. From a morphostructural point of view, the Kamchia Mountain falls on the eastern edge of the Bulgarian continental microplate. The proposed study will contribute to the clarification of the role of the interaction between the Bulgarian continental microplate and the Black Sea oceanic microplate located east of it, representing a remnant of the Tethys Ocean that is not absorbed by the subduction zone.
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