Acta Medica Transilvanica Feed

Loneliness and Related Factors among Vocational School Students

Mon, 24 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT

In this study, we aimed to determine the factors affecting the loneliness levels of university students studying at vocational schools and to determine the relationship between the loneliness and social support. The data of this cross-sectional study were collected from students studying at a vocational school of a university in Turkey. Data were collected with the “Data Registration Form”, “UCLA Loneliness Scale”, and “Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support”. As a result of this study a high level of loneliness was determined. This study revealed that the gender, the place of residence, the status of receiving scholarships/loans and the education level of mothers significantly affected loneliness perception levels of the students. Another result of this study was that there was no significant relationship between the total score and subscale scores of the multidimensional perceived social support scale and perception of loneliness.

The Five-Factor Model Approach to Hypertensive Patients: A Case Control Study

Mon, 24 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Objectives: The aim of this case-control pilot study was to examine whether there are differences in personality characteristics between hypertensive and normotensive individuals in terms of the Five-Factor Model (FFM).Methods: 71 individuals with primary hypertension were compared with 84 normotensive individuals on the DECAS personality inventory, assessing the five basic dimensions of personality according to the FFM.Results: Agreeableness and emotional stability were associated with hypertension (p-0,0001 for both). Hypertensive individuals showed low and very low agreeableness and emotional stability whereas normotensives scored medium and high in these two dimensions. Lower emotional stability was a risk factor for hypertension (OR=4.51, CI 95%=2.18-9.35). There were no significant differences in openness, extraversion and consciousness between hypertensives and normotensives (p>0.05).Conclusion: Individuals with low emotional stability/high neuroticism have more than fourfold increased risk of developing hypertension.

A Literature Review About Burnout Syndrome and How it Can Be Prevented

Mon, 24 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Burnout syndrome refers to the appearance of a physical and mental exhaustion state that occurs as a result of a high stress level, associated with excessive workload. Burnout is characterized by three components- emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal accomplishment. Its diagnosis is established by using the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). According to MBI, burnout is defined by the presence of a high level of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization while personal accomplishment is low. The prevention and treatment of burnout syndrome includes lifestyle changing measures, mindfulness, mental wellness programmes and cognitive behavioural therapy.

Extra-Articular Manifestations in Rheumatoid Arthritis - Predictors of Osteoporosis

Mon, 24 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT

In rheumatoid arthritis the extra-articular manifestations present a marker of disease severity and are accompanied by increased morbidity and mortality The aim of this paper is to study the relationship between extra-articular manifestations and osteoporosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The study included 130 menopausal women diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis. Bone mineral density was measured at lumbar spine and femoral by means of dual X-ray osteodensitometry. The obtained variables were analysed by bivariate analysis and logistic regression. The mean age was 62.77±7.51 years old. The medium duration of rheumatoid arthritis was 7.91±7.85 years, the frequency of extra-articular manifestations was 25.38%. The frequency of osteoporosis was 44.62%. The frequency of osteoporosis is statistically significantly higher in patients with rheumatoid arthritis who have extra-articular manifestations. The presence of extra-articular manifestations in patients with rheumatoid arthritis should draw attention to the need to determine bone mineral density.

Premature Delivery Under 32 Weeks of Gestation – Case Control Retrospective Study

Mon, 24 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Prematurity is a major health problem and it is an important life-threatening pathology for the children in their perinatal, new-born and infantile period. We have evaluated the epidemiologic factors for prematurity in Obstetrics Clinic of Sibiu city. We have analysed the epidemiology of 649 preterm babies between 2012 and 2019 in a III grade Maternity Clinic concerning general maternal information, pregnancy pathology and delivery. We have found significant differences between single and multiple pregnancies and between natural conceived pregnancies and assisted reproductive techniques conceived pregnancies concerning the maternal age, number of cortisone doses, modality of delivery and significant differences between normal conceived and assisted reproductive technique conceived new born related to maternal age and pregnancy and labor fetal presentations dystocia. As a conclusion, prematurity is induced by high blood pressure, pregnancy bleeding and infectious complications. Prophylactic cortisone is improving fetal outcome and is a routine practice in our clinic.

Technological Aspects Regarding the Manufacture of Screw-Retained Prosthetic Restorations Made of Ceramic Masses on Zirconia Structure (Part II)

Mon, 24 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT

With the help of dental implants, an oral rehabilitation can be performed not only very complex, but also very complete of various types of edentulous spaces. After insertion of the dental implants, they can be subsequently prosthetically restored through a wide range of implant-supported prosthetic restorations. In this material, we tried to highlight some particular aspects from the point of view of the laboratory stages of dental technique, which intervene in the technological flow of making implant-supported prosthetic restorations from ceramic masses on Zirconia structure.

Public Health Solutions and Challenges during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Mon, 24 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT

The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Telemedicine

Mon, 24 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT

The COVID-19 pandemic is a public health emergency of international concern. Due to mandatory social distancing and the lack of effective treatments, telemedicine has become the safest interactive system between patients, both infected and uninfected, and clinicians. During this period, all patients, with acute or chronic conditions, need ways to obtain medical attention other than going to Emergency Room (E.R.) or to the clinic. Telemedicine has been an effective approach for COVID-19 management as it allows to reduce the risk of cross-contamination and provides support to remote rural location. The most optimistic forecasts could not anticipate the impact that a pandemic will have on this medical field, whose financial implications exceeded all expectation.

Clinical and Surgical Aspects of Meningothelial Meningioma in Practice and the Implications of Brain-It Summer School

Mon, 24 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Mrs. F.M, a 77-year-old woman with prior diagnosis of Alzheimer disease, temporal lobe epilepsy, conversion disorder and essential familial hypercholesterolemia, presented for 2 months diffuse headache and vertigo, and in the past week, left brachial monoparesis and episodic amnesia become apparent, with progressive worsening and no improvement with medication therapy. The CT/MRI findings constituted a real challenge even for experienced practitioners. This article is hereby designed to meet the needs and necessities of young doctors within BrainIT international summer school.

The Integrative Treatment of Schizophrenia in a Forensic Context

Mon, 24 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT

The Zurich psychiatrist E. Bleuler first introduced the term schizophrenia. He also pointed out the importance of the patient-doctor relationship and underlined the role of affectivity, division and turning away from reality for the psychopathology of patients suffering from schizophrenia. With this he created the cornerstone on which the integrative treatment of schizophrenia rests to this day. The complex integrative course of treatment of patients suffering from paranoid schizophrenia will be showed in a specific forensic context. In forensic treatment, the legal prognosis is of central importance. A reduction in the increased risk of recidivism for criminal offences can only be achieved if the patient’s mental health is improved and stabilized.

Analysis of the Demographic Phenomenon of Fertility in Romania from 1950-2021

Mon, 24 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Fertility is the ability of two cells, the egg and the sperm, to unite in order to conceive a biological child. The aim of this study is to analyse how the fertility rate has evolved demographically since the communist period and until now in Romania. In order to carry out this study, we analysed the data provided by Macrotrends regarding the fertility rate in Romania from the last 71 years (more precisely 1950-2021). The results of the study indicate that, in 1950 Romania had an average fertility rate of 3.25 children per woman. It gradually declined until 1965. In 1967, the number of births doubled to almost half a million new-borns in just 1 year. Such a rate has never been reached, the fertility rate being in a continuous decline until now.

Correlations Between Auxological Indices and Thyroid Volume in Children with Stature Delay in Endemic and Non-Endemic Areas of Sibiu County

Mon, 24 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Palpation of the thyroid gland, completed by its ultrasonographic examination, is an important method for assessing endocrine disorders caused by insufficient iodine intake. Hypothyroidism (through iodine deficiency) can be one of the main endocrine causes of poor mental and somatic development in children. The data obtained after palpation and ultrasonographic determination of thyroid volume in two groups of children (6-12 years) with small stature from different areas of Sibiu County, a submontane area (endemic) and a hilly area (non-endemic), show statistically significant differences between the values obtained for the two groups. Goiter was present in over half of the children living in the endemic area, a statistically significant percentage, higher than that obtained for the hilly area; thyroid volume values were statistically significantly higher compared to those of non-endemic area. Thyroid volume correlates positively and statistically significantly, both with the auxological indices of children (height and body mass), but especially with their age.

Kawasaki Disease Undiagnosed in Childhood, Myocardial Infarction in Adulthood - Case Report

Mon, 24 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Kawasaki disease is a vasculitis, usually diagnosed in childhood, for which reason treatment should be started as early as possible, to avoid complications. We present the case of a 37-year-old man with anterior chest pain, with coronary character, without known cardiovascular risk factors, and who, following investigations, is directed to emergency angio-coronarography due to acute coronary syndrome. Here, we highlight the characteristic coronary dilations for Kawasaki disease. It is released in very good general condition, with proper treatment.

The Importance of Omega-3 Essential Fatty Acids in Pregnancy. Is the Vegan Diet Safe for Pregnant Women?

Mon, 24 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Omega 3 fatty acids (n-3PUFA) are essential compounds in humans, their biological role being dependent on food intake, mostly of animal origin. In the newborn, n-3PUFA are involved in the formation of membrane phospholipids in the retina and grey matter influencing vision and neurogenesis. The purpose of this review is to study literature data regarding n-3PUFA intake in vegan pregnant women, with beneficial effects and supplementation possibilities. The conclusions of our study confirm the benefits of the vegan diet in pregnant women, as long as nutritional deficiencies are carefully managed through the administration of appropriate dietary supplements.

Clinical and Histopathological Aspects in Hemangiopericytoma

Mon, 24 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Described as a type of soft-tissue tumour with malignant potential, hemangiopericytoma originates at the level of the pericytes, cells located in the walls of the capillaries. Although the etiology is not completely elucidated, it seems that the genetic factor plays an important role in the appearance of this type of tumour. Several cases with autosomal recessive transmission have been described in the literature. It is a formation that can occur at any age, but is more common after the age of 40. In fact, following multiple scientific studies, it has been concluded that the average age of affected people is somewhere around 45 years, while the survival rate at 10 years is 70%. Several cases have also been described in childhood (the percentage of occurrence at this age is between 5 and 10%). The sex incidence is equal. In what follows, I thought of presenting the case of a 90-year-old male person, diagnosed with an infiltrative and vegetative tumour formation located in the cavum, which turned out to be, after the anatomopathological examination, a hemangiopericytoma.

Clinical Implication of the New Anticoagulants in Dentistry

Mon, 24 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Currently, there is no validated monitoring technique for predicting bleeding risk in direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) patients, and the dental literature is based largely on case reports and expert views. This study aims at addressing the following questions: “Should they be stopped before the procedure?” and “What is the correct protocol to follow while ingesting DOACs?” There are presently no dental treatment standards for patients using new oral anticoagulants, and bleeding management recommendations are mainly based on professional opinions and clinical observations rather than well conducted studies or laboratory results. Some of the first DOACs were rivaroxaban, apixaban, edoxaban, and dabigatran. DOACs are now being used to treat patients who were previously taking conventional anticoagulants, and as a result, more dentists will be treating DOAC patients. There is currently no validated monitoring test for estimating bleeding risk in DOAC patients, and the dental literature is primarily on case reports and expert opinions. Prior to dental treatment, it is uncertain whether the DOACs should be continued, partially discontinued for 1 day, or fully interrupted for more than 2 days.

Considerations Regarding the Management of Dental Procedures in Patients with Anticoagulant Medication: Case Presentation

Mon, 24 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Dentistry is a branch of medicine, with specialized care almost exclusively performed in an outpatient basis, with various dental procedures resulting in bleeding. Due to the increase in the average age of patients, the dentist must pay special attention to the associated pathology, pathology that can lead to uncontrolled bleeding or other complications. The incidence of the number of patients with various anticoagulant medication for associated general diseases has increased. Thus, the approach of these patients must be done in correlation with the management of diseases and associated medication. We found it interesting to report the therapeutic conduct in case of tooth extraction in patients whose medication includes warfarin. The dentist should be aware of possible complications in patients under anticoagulant medication, which requires a judicious case selection, with interdisciplinary collaboration, as well as careful management of surgical procedures to minimize the risks of postoperative bleeding.

Applications of Kinetotherapy in the Prophylaxis of Occupational Cervical Syndrome (Overloading) among Professions with a Medical Profile in The Field of Dentistry - Preliminary Study

Mon, 24 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Professionals from different fields are exposed to myo-arto-kinetic disorders, among them those in the medical field with dental profile, respectively dentists, dental assistants and dental technicians. Given that specialists in the field of dentistry are exposed to musculoskeletal risk factors with cervical location, the purpose of this study is to provide data to contribute to an effective kinetic intervention strategy for professionals working in the field of dentistry.

Study on the Impact on the Quality of Life of Patients Who Have Suffered Cranio-Maxillofacial Trauma

Mon, 24 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT

The quality of life of patients who have suffered cranio-maxillofacial trauma is affected by the occurrence of anxiety and depression, largely because of the aesthetic consequences for patients on their social and professional life.Aim: This article aims at identifying the occurrence of anxiety or depression in patients who have suffered cranio-maxillofacial traumas, hospitalized in the Sibiu County Emergency Clinical Hospital, in 2020.Materials and methods: 24 patients answered to a questionnaire that assessed their level of depression and anxiety after having suffered craniomaxillofacial trauma.Results: These pathologies bring about a strong impact on patients’ quality of life, but a reactively small number of the study patients presented depression symptoms. Anxiety was the dominant symptom in these patients with oro-maxillofacial trauma.

Cervical Spinal Cord Transection (SCT) Increases Gastric Compliance in Anesthetized Rats

Mon, 24 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Spinal cord injury (SCI) can markedly alter the autonomic nervous system’s functions. It immediately causes autonomic and somatic hypo- or arreflexia, a state known as spinal shock. SCI determines the enhancement of two gastric reflexes that appear in normal conditions: the receptive and adaptative reflexes. Furthermore, this study also tried to evaluate the causes that led to such modifications: either vagal control, nitric oxide (NO)-pathways or intestine-intestinal reflexes. Male Wistar rats (N=25) were subjected to laminectomy (Sham group) or laminectomy + complete Spinal Cord Transection (SCT), between C7 and T1 vertebrae under anesthesia (SCT group). Before the surgery, the rats had water and food ad libitum; after the surgery, rats were fasted for 24 hours, still having access to water. The next day, all animals were subjected to a catheterism of their right carotid artery, a tracheostomy and a flexible balloon introduction down to the stomach’s fundix region, also under anesthesia. Rats were connected to a Power-Lab® system, via a pressure transducer (in order to measure the arterial pressure – MAP - and the heart rate - HR), and to a modified Plethysmometer (in order to measure the fundical gastric volume - GV variation). Vagal control was studied via cervical vagotomy; NO-mediation - via NO synthesis inhibitors (L-NAME); intestinointestinal reflexes - by using laxatives (Lactulone). Statistical analysis revealed, in some cases, that GV is significantly (p<0.05) augmented in SCT rats (2,4±0,09; 3,1±0,05; 3,7±0,06 ml) than in Sham (2,2±0,12; 2,9±0,12; 3,3±0,15 ml). Nevertheless, MAP and HR, were subsequently lower (p<0.05) in SCT (63,5±21,1mm Hg; 227,1±25,2 BPM) than in the control group (88,2±14,4mm Hg; 427,0±19,2 BPM). In summary, the increase of GV in SCT, seems to involve vagal pathways and/or NO-mediation, but still not neglecting the colic-gastric reflexes.