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        <title>Advances in Materials Science Feed</title>
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        <copyright>All rights reserved 2026, Gdansk University of Technology</copyright>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Effect of Welding Speed on the Properties of Laser Beam Welded 3 mm Thick Ti-6Al-4V Butt Joints]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/adms-2026-0013</link>
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            <pubDate>Thu, 08 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The effect of welding speed on weld geometry, microhardness, tensile properties, and fracture behaviour of laser beam welded 3 mm thick Ti-6Al-4V butt joints was investigated. Autogenous joints were produced at 1.5–4.0 m/min using a fibre laser at a power of 3.3 kW, while the remaining process parameters were kept constant. Full penetration was obtained under all conditions. Increasing welding speed markedly narrowed the fusion zone and heat-affected zone; between 1.5 and 4.0 m/min, the fusion-zone width decreased by approximately 42% at the weld face and 66% at the root. Microhardness profiles shifted from bilateral HAZ softening at lower speeds to a distinct fusion-zone hardness peak of approximately 450 HV0.1 at 4.0 m/min, consistent with faster cooling and an increased tendency for α′ martensite formation. Ultimate tensile strength showed a statistically significant decreasing trend, from 881 to 769 MPa (joint efficiency from 73% to 64%), and the total strain at fracture decreased from 1.02% to 0.77%. Fracture occurred along the fusion line or adjacent HAZ; fractography revealed predominantly quasi-cleavage features in these regions, whereas the base material exhibited ductile dimpling. Within the investigated range, higher welding speed reduced weld width but adversely affected tensile performance through evolving local hardness gradients and geometric stress concentration.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Mixed Alcohol–Polyol Assisted Sol–Gel Synthesis of Copper Ferrite Nanoparticles: Structural, Thermal and Magnetic Properties]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/adms-2026-0011</link>
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            <pubDate>Thu, 08 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Copper ferrite (CuFe₂O₄) nanoparticles were synthesized by a mixed alcohol–polyol-assisted sol–gel route using octane-2-ol and glycerol, followed by calcination at 500–900°C. XRD confirmed cubic spinel CuFe₂O₄ with crystallite sizes of 14.25–16.46 nm and improved crystallinity with increasing calcination temperature. TGA indicated major xerogel decomposition below 500°C, while the calcined samples showed good thermal stability above 500°C with an atmosphere-dependent weight gain at 430–500°C. FESEM revealed predominantly near-spherical particles with improved definition and coarsening at higher temperatures. Magnetic measurements showed ferrimagnetic behavior, with markedly higher saturation magnetization for samples calcined at 800–900°C. Overall, the mixed alcohol–polyol-assisted sol–gel route offers an effective approach for tailoring the structural, morphological, thermal, and magnetic properties of CuFe₂O₄ nanoparticles.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Review on Treatment Methods for Enhancing the Properties of Recycled Concrete Aggregate]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/adms-2026-0012</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/adms-2026-0012</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 08 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The treatment techniques utilised to improve the qualities of recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) for its efficient use in cement mortar and concrete are critically examined in this review study. The use of RCA is often constrained by residual adhering mortar, which leads to increased porosity and water absorption and to reduced density, mechanical strength, and durability. The analysis consolidates results from published research on four primary therapeutic methods: sodium silicate treatment, rapid carbonation, cement-slurry impregnation, and polymer impregnation. These methods are evaluated based on their effects on water uptake, porosity, compressive strength, interfacial transition zone properties, and longevity. The analysed data suggest that the application of sodium silicate efficiently consolidates the bonded mortar and reduces water permeability, whereas carbonation facilitates calcium carbonate formation, enhances pore architecture, and strengthens aggregate–paste adhesion. Cement-slurry infusion improves the surface quality and mechanical properties of RCA, whereas polymer infusion significantly enhances impermeability and long-term resilience, although its elevated expense may limit widespread use. In summary, sodium silicate treatment and carbonation offer an advantageous balance of efficacy, feasibility, and ecological benefits. This analysis delineates the relative benefits and drawbacks of existing therapies and underscores the necessity for standardised treatment protocols, long-term efficacy evaluations, and assessments of environmental and economic impacts to facilitate the wider systemic implementation of treated RCA.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Composition-Driven Indirect Structural Defect Engineering in Near-Eutectic Sn-Zn and Sn-Cu-Zn-Sb-Pb Alloys: Structural Complexity and Electrical Functionality]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/adms-2026-0010</link>
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            <pubDate>Thu, 08 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This study contrasts a near-eutectic Sn-Zn alloy (Sn-1) with a multicomponent Sn-Cu-Zn-Sb-Pb system (Sn-2) to elucidate the interplay between compositional complexity, phase formation, and electrical transport. While conventional characterization confirms expected phase evolution, the results reveal a decisive trade-off: Sn-1 achieves superior conductivity (1.105 × 10⁵ S/cm), whereas Sn-2 exhibits a marked reduction (26.7%). This degradation is not merely compositional but structurally driven, as increased chemical complexity promotes intermetallic formation that intensifies electron scattering. The findings challenge the simplistic assumption that multicomponent design inherently enhances performance, highlighting instead that excessive complexity can be detrimental to electrical efficiency.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Carbon Nano-Onions and Related Multifunctional Hybrids—Radiation Shielding, Tribological and Anticorrosion Potentials]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/adms-2026-0006</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 23 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Over recent decades, carbon nano-onions and related nanomaterials have attained considerable research interests for wide ranging industrial purposes. In view of that, current review article is developed to highpoint three significant engineering characteristics (including radiation defense, friction/wear resistance, and corrosion resistance) of carbon nano-onions and derived multifunctional polymeric and inorganic hybrids. In all these scientifically and industrially promising fields, carbon nano-onion nanoadditives have enhanced the radiation absorption, tribological, and anticorrosion performance of the polymeric and inorganic matrices. Consequently, carbon nano-onions derived nanocomposites have fine interfacial links and percolation networks; thereby leading to efficient electron transfer and electromagnetic absorption or dissipation properties. In the case of antiscratch, antiwear, and antifriction performance, carbon nano-onions have been noted to act as microbearing between the desired metal surfaces. Furthermore, owing to the development of matrix-nanofiller interactions and electron conducting paths, carbon nano-onions and derivative multifunctional hybrids offer notable barrier effects towards the percolating corrosion species. Decisively, carbon nano-onions, modified carbon nano-onions, and derived hybrids depicted technological promise to enhance the electromagnetic, wear, and erosion resistance of space, automotive, defense, civil, medical, and other advanced structural materials. Nevertheless, limited research exertions seen up till now regarding carbon nano-onions nanocomposites in these technical areas and comprehensive future investigations may unfold their industrial potential.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Microstructure and Mechanical Performance of Novel Al2O3-Cu-Cr Composites Consolidated by Conventional Powder Metallurgy]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/adms-2026-0009</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 23 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This study investigates the fabrication, microstructural evolution, and mechanical properties of Al2O3-Cu-Cr ceramic-metal composites containing 2.5 vol.% metallic phase produced by uniaxial pressing followed by free sintering in a reducing atmosphere. The composites were sintered at temperatures ranging from 1200°C to 1400°C in order to evaluate the influence of thermal processing on densification behaviour, phase stability, and mechanical performance. The results demonstrated a strong dependence of physical properties on sintering temperature. Increasing the temperature from 1200°C to 1400°C improved the relative density from 82.85% to 97.99%, while open porosity decreased from 16.57% to 0.09%. Simultaneously, water absorption was reduced from 4.66% to 0.2%, indicating near-complete densification at 1400°C. XRD analysis confirmed the presence of stable α-Al2O3, Cu, and Cr phases without formation of undesirable secondary reaction products. SEM/EDS observations revealed a homogeneous distribution of discrete Cu-Cr metallic regions within the alumina matrix and satisfactory ceramic-metal interfacial bonding. The composites sintered at 1400°C exhibited a hardness of 13.8 ± 1.6 GPa and fracture toughness of 4.41 ± 0.78 MPa·m0.5. Digital image correlation analysis during compression testing demonstrated localized strain evolution preceding brittle fracture. The results indicate that Cr addition may contribute to improved microstructural stability and densification behaviour of Al2O3-Cu composites processed by conventional powder metallurgy routes.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Influence of Covered Electrode Type on Underwater Pad Weld Quality in High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/adms-2026-0007</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 23 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Water as a welding environment generates significant challenges affecting the quality of welded structures. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the type of covered electrode (three for underwater works and three for air welding) on the quality of the padding welds made on high-strength low-alloy steel in wet welding conditions. The S355J2C+N structural steel was selected for tests. As filler materials six different covered electrodes were chosen. Tests were conducted in similar conditions – fresh tap water (temperature 20℃) at 150 mm depth. After surfacing, the specimens were subjected to visual testing. Subsequently, macroscopic examinations and Vickers HV10 hardness measurements were performed.. It was proved that the grade of covered electrode has a significant influence on the quality and hardness of pad welded structures. Underwater electrodes, which are covered with different hydrophobic coatings, can reduce the occurrence of welding imperfections. It was shown that hardness of underwater welded structures with covered electrodes for air welding may be similar to structures made with the use of electrodes for underwater works. Moreover, it was stated that type of covered electrode may generate 130-140 HV10 lower hardness in heat-affected zone (HAZ).]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Additive Manufacturing of 17-4PH Stainless Steel a Review of Properties and Surface Modification]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/adms-2026-0008</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 23 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Additive manufacturing (AM) of precipitation-hardened stainless steels, particularly 17-4PH (AISI 630), has gained significant attention due to its ability to produce complex geometries combined with high mechanical performance. However, despite the advantages of Powder Bed Fusion (PBF) technologies such as Selective Laser Melting (SLM) and Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS), components fabricated via AM exhibit inherent surface and microstructural imperfections, including porosity, unmelted particles, and anisotropic microstructures, which may significantly reduce fatigue, wear, and corrosion resistance. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of additive manufacturing techniques applied to 17-4PH steel, focusing on the relationship between processing parameters, microstructure evolution, and resulting mechanical properties. Particular emphasis is placed on post-processing strategies, especially heat treatment and surface modification methods. Among these, shot peening is identified as one of the most effective and economically viable techniques for improving surface integrity. It induces compressive residual stresses, grain refinement, and phase transformation, leading to significant improvements in hardness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and fatigue life. Recent studies, including those by Walczak and Świetlicki, demonstrate that shot peening of additively manufactured 17-4PH steel can increase surface hardness by over 100% and significantly reduce wear rates while enhancing corrosion resistance. The synergistic combination of heat treatment and surface engineering is shown to be essential for achieving optimal performance. Overall, this work highlights that while AM enables superior design flexibility, the final performance of 17-4PH components is critically dependent on post-processing, particularly surface modification.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Waste-Derived Geopolymer Mortars from Industrial Slags: Modeling Early-Age Compressive Strength for Sustainable Construction]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/adms-2026-0005</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 23 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This study aims to predict the compressive strength of mortars produced with GBFS and SMS. A total of 72 samples were prepared using six mixture ratios and four Na₂SiO₃ dosages and cured at 75 °C for 24 h. The dataset was analyzed using multivariate regression and machine learning models. Among regression approaches, the power function performed best (RMSE ≈ 4.9204 MPa, NSE ≈ 0.9284). However, the Gaussian Process (GP) model outperformed all other methodologies with the lowest prediction error and exceptional correlation (RMSE ≈ 1.4203 MPa, NSE ≈ 0.9920).]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Detection and Recognition of the Seam for Gap-Free Butt Joints Based on Scheimpflug Imaging and Deep Learning]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/adms-2026-0001</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 31 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Due to the limited camera depth of field, intense arc interference, and occlusion by fixed weld points, the accurate detection and recognition of the seam for gap-free butt joints confronts substantial technical difficulties. These difficulties are further exacerbated by the limited generalization capability of traditional image processing methods under such noisy and occluded conditions. In response, a vision sensor was designed based on the Scheimpflug imaging principle, utilizing a tilted lens structure to extend the range of clear imaging. The camera calibration process was simplified by modeling the Scheimpflug transformation as specific distortion parameters. An improved lightweight YOLOv3 network was developed, employing a MobileNetV1 backbone combined with an improved Bi-FPN structure, significantly enhancing inference speed while maintaining detection accuracy. Training results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves a mean Average Precision (mAP) of 96.74% for detecting weld seams and fixed points with an inference speed of 63.45 FPS. In the context of thin-sheet, gap-free butt welding with tack weld interference, the proposed method exhibits satisfactory robustness and practical utility. Furthermore, a trajectory fitting algorithm for the weld seam center was developed based on the grayscale distribution characteristics within the detection bounding boxes, enabling effective marking of the weld trajectory and thereby laying the foundation for weld seam tracking.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Non-Covalently Interacted Thermosetting/Conducting Matrices and Fullerene Derived Nanocomposites - Design, Features and Technological Applications]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/adms-2026-0002</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 31 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This comprehensive review highlights two important categories of fullerene reinforced nanocomposites (thermosetting/fullerene and conductive/fullerene) having physical/non-covalent interlinkings (electrostatic, hydrogen bonding and π-π aromatic ring stackings) in macromolecular-nanofiller phases. As per literature, physical linkages of macromolecular matrices with fullerene nano-additives caused substantial enhancements in morphological, mechanical, thermal, dielectric, tribological, electrochemical, anticorrosion, photovoltaic, power energy conversion, capacitive and other properties of ensuing thermosets/fullerene and conductive/fullerene hybrids. Accordingly, non-covalent interactions effectively increased structural stability/performance of polymer/fullerene nanocomposites via homogeneous macromolecular chain orientations and miscibility effects along with uniform nanoparticle dispersions and compatible interfaces. Particularly, initial section 2 (after introduction) explains basics of fullerene and Section 3 essentially describes dispersion state, interfacial aspects, and property-performance profiles, and mechanism of physically linked polymer/fullerene nanocomposites. Next, section 4 portrays literature state of thermosets/fullerene nanocomposites. Mostly, non-covalent nanocomposites diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A epoxy/blends with fullerene were processed via sonication, in situ, solution, and curing techniques. Herein, adding fullerene notably enhanced tensile strength, modulus, toughness, dielectric constant, and anticorrosion potential of epoxies by ~ 80-100 %. For bulk heterojunction solar cells, epoxy/fullerene hybrids depicted power conversion efficiency of &gt; 3 %. Next, section 5 speaks to conductive (polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene derivatives) nanocomposites with fullerene, mostly synthesized by in situ, solution/sonication methods. In photovoltaics, conducting polymer/fullerene nanocomposites had superior power conversion efficiency of 30 % and for supercapacitors/batteries specific capacitance and capacity retention were &gt; 800 Fg−1 and &gt; 90 %, respectively. Incidentally, last section states prospective future and conclusive remarks on thermoset/fullerene and conductive/fullerene nanomaterials. Hence, objective of this review is to unfold practical amplification of non-covalently interlinked thermosetting/fullerene and conductive/fullerene nanocomposites (high-tech anticorrosion coatings, solar cells, rechargeable batteries) for concerned field researchers. Nevertheless, physically interlinked polymer/fullerene nanocomposites face various challenges of macromolecular chain aggregations, non-uniform dispersions, and uncontrolled processing parameters, thereby affecting microstructures and property-performance contours.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Manufacturing of Dissimilar 6061–7075 Aluminum Alloy Joints Via Friction Stir Welding]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/adms-2026-0003</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 31 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The aim of this study was to investigate the macrostructure, microhardness, and basic mechanical properties of AA6061–AA7075 FSW butt joints produced at different tool rotational speeds (600, 1000, and 1400 rpm) and with offsets toward the AA6061 alloy (0, 1, and 2 mm). The results of the study made it possible to demonstrate that sound, defect-free dissimilar AA6061-T6/AA7075-T6 FSW joints can be produced within the investigated parameter set. The HAZ of the lower-strength alloy was identified as the most critical region of the joint, as confirmed by both microhardness measurements and the fact that all tensile-tested specimens fractured in the HAZ of the 6061-T6 alloy. At the same time, the minimum hardness in this region remained essentially unchanged (approximately 60 HV0.1) across the investigated welding parameters. For joints produced at a constant tool rotational speed of 1000 rpm, increasing the tool offset toward AA6061-T6 reduced weld nugget microhardness due to the increased fraction of the softer alloy in the stirred region, while simultaneously improving elongation at fracture without a noticeable change in tensile strength. Overall, the produced joints exhibited highly repeatable mechanical properties, with joint efficiency in the range of 65–67%.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Optimization of Mechanical Properties and Features of Electroless Ni-P-Zr Ternary Plating Using The Grey-Taguchi Method]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/adms-2026-0004</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/adms-2026-0004</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 31 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Electroless Ni-P-Zr films are deposited onto Al substrates. Effect of different pre-treatments on the subsequent chemical plating. XRD analysis shows that the Ni-P-Zr film is amorphous. Grey-Taguchi shows that the Ni-P-Zr coating exhibits a friction coefficient of 0.35, a corrosion potential of –0.60 V, a Vickers hardness of 582.9 HV, and a fatigue life of 52 times. A comparison of fatigue failure mechanisms for the uncoated substrate and the electroless Ni-P-Zr coating is conducted under high-strain low-cycle fatigue loading. The results confirm that the coating eliminates crack initiation and propagation and increases the fatigue life of the specimens.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Influence of Laser Beam Oscillation on Weld Geometry and Microstructure of AISI 304 Stainless Steel]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/adms-2025-0023</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 26 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Laser welding, thanks to the use of oscillating heads, is finding increasing use in modern industry. Laser oscillating welding heads offer numerous advantages over traditional laser welding heads. Currently, industries where preparing components for laser welding was previously a significant challenge can now adopt this welding technique thanks to the use of oscillation. The ability to improve the properties of welded joints, autogenous welding, and a high level of process automation make laser welding technology a promising industry. Unfortunately, the complexity of multidimensional processes, already difficult to apply, combined with the wide range of possibilities for modifying beam oscillation, requires a deeper understanding of the impact of new laser welding parameters on the quality of welded joints for industrial implementation. This article presents the results of studies on the microstructure of austenitic stainless steel welded with a laser beam at various welding beam oscillation parameters. The welds were obtained using a ytterbium QCW (Quasi Continuous Wave) fiber laser autogenous (without the use of the filler material). The test material was 4 mm thick AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel sheets as delivered. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of oscillation parameters such as frequency, amplitude, and shape used during laser welding on weld geometry. Statistical relationships between the studied variables were identified. Laser power exhibits strong positive correlations with key weld geometry parameters, particularly penetration depth (H: r = 0.66), weld face width (B: r = 0.79), and cross-sectional area (S: r = 0.80). In contrast, laser beam oscillation parameters show a negative correlation with penetration depth (H: r = −0.48) and a moderate correlation with weld face width (B: r = 0.56). Other oscillation related effects demonstrate only weak correlations (r ≤ 0.38) with weld geometry. Mathematical models describing these relationships were developed and their quality verified. The presented models enable the prediction of the transverse shape dimensions of welds based on known welding parameter values.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Underwater Friction Stir Welding of AA5754 Aluminum Alloy in Saltwater Environment: A Preliminary Study]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/adms-2025-0024</link>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 26 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The Underwater Friction Stir Welding (UFSW) environment was proven to improve mechanical properties of the Friction Stir Welded (FSW) joints. However, carefully selected set of parameters is necessary to succeed. This study presents preliminary results of the research on water salinity level effect on the properties of the AA5754 aluminum alloy joints. For this purpose, the Plackett-Burman design was used. The design of experiment consists of ten attempts with process parameters as variables: welding speed, rotational speed, tool tilt angle and water salinity level. The following tests were proceeded: visual tests, tensile strength tests and fractography analysis. Thus, the response variable was ultimate tensile strength (UTS). Surface defects were found in joints performed with low heat input (i.e. low rotational speed, high welding speed). The highest UTS values – 100% of base metal were obtained for the joint made with process parameters: welding speed - 37.5 mm/min, rotational speed - 1235 rpm, tool tilt angle - 2°, water salinity level - 10%. The fractography of the joint revealed precipitates formation and very small dimples. All of the investigated welding parameters were found to be statistically significant. However, the tool tilt angle was of drastically highest significance. The order of the other process parameters was as following: welding speed, rotational speed and water salinity level.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Tungsten Inert Gas Welding Research Trends: A 60-Year Bibliometric Analysis Using Vosviewer and Biblioshiny]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/adms-2025-0019</link>
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            <pubDate>Wed, 31 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding constitutes a key process in the fabrication of welded structures, with widespread application across various sectors of modern industry. It continues to be the subject of extensive research due to its technical advantages and versatility. However, despite its industrial importance, TIG welding has not yet been the focus of a comprehensive bibliographic review. Therefore, the objective of this study is not only to present the current state of knowledge but also to identify key process directions and emerging research trends through a bibliometric analysis of 8,789 publications indexed in Web of Science. The analyses were performed mainly in VOSviewer 1.6.20 and Biblioshiny tools, determining the networks of connections between bibliometric entities: keywords, journals, authors, countries, and funding agencies. The analysis results were used to illustrate the dynamics of research topics over a 60-year publication history on the TIG process. Current research trends include, among others, the advancement of TIG welding variants to improve process efficiency, the application of artificial intelligence, the application of optimization methods, and deep learning. The most urgent research needs involve determining the weldability of special metals, assessing the environmental degradation of TIG-welded joints, and applying data mining techniques for the optimization of the TIG process. The study may serve as an objective, comprehensive, and author-unbiased complement to traditional systematic review articles on TIG welding and related processes.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Experimental Investigation of Process Parameters on Surface and Mechanical Performance of 3D Printed Parts]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/adms-2025-0020</link>
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            <pubDate>Wed, 31 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This study examines the influence of print orientation and printing speed on the mechanical strength and surface roughness of components fabricated from Polylactic Acid (PLA) using the Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) process. The 3D-printed samples were produced with varying orientations (0°, 90°, and 45°) and print speeds, while other parameters remained constant. All samples had a 100% infill density, a “Lines” infill pattern, and a printing temperature of 210°C. The 0° and 90° samples were printed at 50 mm/s, whereas the 45° samples were printed at 40, 60 and 80 mm/s. Each sample was printed three times to ensure repeatability and obtain an average result. The results indicate that raster angle plays a critical role in determining mechanical performance, with 0° and 90° orientations yielding the highest 72.31 MPa and lowest 56.26 MPa stress values, respectively. Additionally, a nuanced relationship was observed between printing speed, surface roughness, and tensile strength. Surface roughness metrics, including Ra, Rz, and Rq, improved with decreasing printing speed, indicating enhanced surface finishes. The optimal tensile strength of 57.95 MPa was achieved at a moderate printing speed of 60 mm/s, offering the best balance between mechanical strength and surface quality. This research enhances the understanding of parameter optimisation in FDM processes, providing practical insights for the production of high-performance PLA-based components.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[The Morphology and Functional Properties of Thermoplastic Starch Films with Psyllium Husk (Plantago ovata) Flour Addition]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/adms-2025-0021</link>
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            <pubDate>Wed, 31 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This study examines the influence of psyllium husk flour (PF) on the structure and physical properties of thermoplastic starch (TPS) films. Films with 2 g and 6 g PF were produced using the casting method. Their morphology was analyzed by stereoscopic, scanning electron, and atomic force microscopy, while mechanical and wettability properties were evaluated. Increasing PF content improved impact strength but also increased brittleness. Higher PF concentration raised the water contact angle and reduced its change over time. The results indicate that psyllium husk flour effectively enhances the functional performance of TPS films, supporting their potential for sustainable packaging applications.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Interpretable Machine Learning and Genetic Algorithm-Based Optimization of Ultimate Tensile Strength And Melting Completion In Alloys]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/adms-2025-0022</link>
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            <pubDate>Wed, 31 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[In this study, we present a comprehensive machine learning-based approach for optimizing alloy compositions with the goal of simultaneously maximizing Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS) and approaching a target Melting Completion temperature. Using a dataset comprising elemental compositions of various alloys and their corresponding mechanical properties, we developed predictive models based on the Random Forest Regressor algorithm. SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) and LIME (Local Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanations) were employed to interpret the feature contributions and determine the most influential elements on both UTS and melting behavior. The analysis revealed that elements such as Fe, Mn, Co, and Mo significantly contribute to optimal alloy performance, while elements like C and V play a critical role in enhancing UTS. A multi-objective optimization was conducted using a Genetic Algorithm (GA), yielding an optimal composition that achieved a predicted UTS of 1520.7 psi and a Melting Completion temperature of 1407.4°C, closely aligned with the target of 1460°C. Our approach demonstrates the potential of combining interpretable machine learning with evolutionary optimization to accelerate intelligent alloy design and discovery.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
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            <title><![CDATA[The Role of Lead in the Machinability of Copper Alloys Used for Drinking Water Installations]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/adms-2025-0015</link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">/article/10.2478/adms-2025-0015</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 26 Sep 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The machinability of two copper alloys with lead: CuZn40Pb2 and CuSn5Zn5Pb2, was assessed. Turning tests were performed based on the selection of parameters that will result in the tool being worn out after 1 minute. Tool wear was assessed by observing dimensional and microstructural changes in the blade. When assessing machinability, power consumption, chip shape, changes in the surface layer and surface roughness were taken into account. The research aims to determine the custom machinability index of materials used in SANHA Polska. A publicly available index must be adapted to a given application, and such adaptation is often quite time-consuming. Therefore, a 1-minute test was carried out as a quick and cheap alternative to a large fleet of machines with various machining properties. The developed methodology and the results obtained are the basis for further research conducted as part of the implementation doctorate, the aim of which is to implement the production of well-machinable lead-free materials for drinking water installations, characterized by good solderability and corrosion resistance. As a result of the conducted research, the role of lead in the machining of copper alloys was identified, which is important due to European restrictions on the elimination of this element and its replacement in a way that allows for precise removal processing.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
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